真空采血管及采血课件

1、真空采血管及采血真空采血管及采血CONTENTS1、Our Company2、Our Mission3、Our Products4、About Blood CollectionCONTENTS1、Our Company2、Our Mi1、 OUR COMPANYName: Zhejiang U-REAL Medical Technology Co., Ltd.Founded: July 4th, 2006President: Mr. Huibin ShiNature of Business: Manufacturing and developing medical devices and pr

2、oviding services for those products.Number of Employees: 82Production: 22Salespeople: 28R&D: 61、 OUR COMPANYName: Zhejiang UORIGINAL FACTORYAddress: 671 Daqiao Road, Huangyan Beicheng, Taizhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of ChinaYear On-line: 2006Size: 1100m2Number of Production Lines: 1Annual capac

3、ity: 110 millionORIGINAL FACTORYAddress: 671 DNEW FACTORYAddress: Jiangkou Zhongxiao Park, Huangyan Economic Development Zone, Taizhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of ChinaYear On-line: 2010 Size: 6,630m2Number of production lines: 4Annual capacity: 350 millionNEW FACTORYAddress: Jiangkou ZOUR CERTIF

4、ICATIONSISO 9001:2000ISO 13485CE MarkOUR CERTIFICATIONSISO 9001:200COMPANY STRUCTUREU-REAL comprises of:A vibrant Scientific Research & Development laboratory,Production facilities which employ some of the most advanced manufacturing technology,of our diligent and efficient Marketing and Sales teams

5、, and our friendly and helpful Customer Service.COMPANY STRUCTUREU-REAL compriOUR REGISTERED TRADEMARKSVacuCyteU-MBCTComing soon: Uswab, etc.OUR REGISTERED TRADEMARKSVacuC2、 OUR MISSION Our mission is to take a leading role in the enhancement of healthcare services both in China and abroad through t

6、he development, manufacture, and supply of superior quality products to healthcare professionals.2、 OUR MISSION Our mission3、 OUR PRODUCTS OUR PRODUCTSExtras PET vs. Glass The Vacuum Seal The Safety CapOur Additives VacuCyte LineU-MBCT 3、 OUR PRODUCTS OUR Extras PPET vs. GlassOur PET tubes are made

7、of high quality resin using precise moulds. The tubes interior surface is finely and evenly coated with silicon oil, ensuring transparency, smoothness, and chemical stability.PET tubes are superior to glass tubes for their Durability, Safety, and Stability.PET vs. GlassOur PET tubes areDurabilityPET

8、 (polystyrene terephthalate) tubes are much more resistant than glass tubes.The tubes are shatter-proof, can resist centrifugation up to 20,000G (13000rpm), are unaffected by sudden acceleration, and are functional even in freezing temperatures, preventing any damage to the specimen.DurabilityPET (p

9、olystyrene terSafetyDuring blood collection and testing, medical professionals may accidentally be exposed to blood and risk infections to diseases such as AIDS or hepatitis. Our impact-resistant PET tubes and our safety caps rubber stoppers greatly limit that risk, helping make the hospital a safer

10、 working environment.SafetyDuring blood collection StabilityBecause our advanced separating gel binds strongly to the inner walls of our PET tubes, they can be held in cold storage for up to 10 days without any specimen deterioration, which would be nearly impossible with a glass tube.Neither vibrat

11、ions nor impacts will generate leakages that compromise the specimens separation.StabilityBecause our advanced More PET Tube AttributesPET tubes are lighter than glass tubes.Our PET tubes transparency matche that of glass, allowing the user to quickly and accurately recognize separation, coagulation

12、, hemolytic, and other conditions.Biochemistry and immunity test results show virtually no difference compared to glass tubes.More PET Tube AttributesPET tTHE VACUUM SEALDuring blood collection, the difference in pressure between the patients vein and the inside of the tube forces the blood through

13、the needle and into the tube.Our tubes vacuum levels are set to close tolerances to ensure that an adequate amount of blood is collected and the ratio of blood to additives is maintained throughout the products shelf life.THE VACUUM SEALDuring blood coTHE SAFETY CAPVacuCyte safety caps are ergonomic

14、ally designed for effective grip and removal.With the users safety in mind, the rubber seal functions as a shield, preventing backflow and eliminating exposure to the blood specimen.Our caps are color coded according to International standards.THE SAFETY CAPVacuCyte safeOUR ADDITIVESU-REAL is proud

15、of the way it sources its components, always striving to find the best additives from the most reliable partners.We employ the latest technology in applying reagents to the tubes, maximizing their effect by ensuring that an accurate quantity finely and evenly coats the interior wall.OUR ADDITIVESU-R

16、EAL is proud oOUR VACUCYTE LINEVacuCyte tubes can be divided in two groups based on the purpose of their additives: 1、 Pro-coagulants 2、 Anti-coagulantsOUR VACUCYTE LINEVacuCyte Pro-Coagulant TubesThere are two kinds of tubes containing our advanced Clot Activator formula:Serum TubeSerum UIT Gel Tub

17、eThe goal of these tubes is to speed up clotting to provide an adequate serum sample for testing.Pro-Coagulant TubesThere are tBlood SerumAfter collecting blood, gently turning the tube 6-8 times, and waiting 15-30 minutes, the tube should be placed in a centrifuge. This will complete the separation

18、 of clear, yellow serum from red, clotted blood.Blood serum is what is left of blood after you remove the cells and the coagulation factors. It retains other proteins, antigens, antibodies, electrolytes, and exogenous substances like drugs and medicine.Blood SerumAfter collecting blBlood Serum vs. B

19、lood PlasmaSerum differs from Plasma, which still contains the coagulation factors.Water, electrolytes, non-coagulating proteins; no cellular componentsFibrinogens and other clotting factorsBlood cells and other cellular componentsBlood SerumBlood plasmaBlood Serum vs. Blood PlasmaSeSerum TubeSerum

20、TubeSerum UIT Gel TubeSerum UIT Gel TubeClot Activator AttributesThe Clot Activator on the tubes inner wall will automatically generate a membrane when it comes into contact with blood, clotting completely in a short time.Without the Clot Activator, coagulation will normally require 5-6 hours, as op

21、posed to 30 minutes with it. If the tube is properly turned after blood collection, coagulation can occur in as little as 10 minutes.Clot Activator AttributesThe Clot Activator Attributes (cont.)Our advanced formula results in moderate coagulation in a relatively short time, voiding possible hemolyt

22、ic problems which can arise from too rapid clotting.If the tube is properly turned and 15-30 minutes are given for coagulation to occur before centrifugation, no fibrin will remain in the sample avoiding inadequate results and potential clogging damage to lab equipment.Clot Activator Attributes (con

23、Separating Gel AttributesOur advanced Separating Gel formula completely separates serum from clotted blood, forming a prominent, impermeable barrier between the specimens.After centrifugation, the gel will be firmly attached to the tubes inner wall, so that neither vibrations nor impacts will genera

24、te leakages that compromise the specimens separation.Separating Gel AttributesOur Separating Gel Attributes (cont.)Composition: liquid polymer and silica gel are the main componentsSpecific Gravity: 1.05 - between blood serum (1.02) and blood cells (1.08)Thixotropy: The gels viscosity has an inverse

25、 relation to temperature.Separating Gel Attributes (conPrecautions with Separating GelStorage: 4-25CTurning: after collection, gently turn the tube 6-8 times.Recommended coagulation time: set the tube upright for 15-30 minutes before centrifugation.Ideal Centrifuge Speed: 3500rpmIdeal Centrifuge Tem

26、perature: 25CPrecautions with Separating GeAnti-Coagulant TubesThere are several kinds of tubes containing different anti-coagulants for different purposes:1) EDTA Tube2) Plasma Tube3) Coagulation Tube4) ESR Tube5) Fluoride and Oxalate TubeAnti-Coagulant TubesThere are EDTA TubeEDTA TubeEDTA TubesED

27、TA, which chalets calcium ions in order to inhibit the coagulation cascade, has uses in hematology testing. In routine blood examinations it can reveal red and white blood cell and platelet counts and indices, hematocrit or packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration.EDTA TubesEDTA, which chale

28、ts EDTA TubesThe optimal EDTA concentration is 1.8mg/ml blood. We apply the quantitative ultra-fine atomized spraying and instant drying technology, in order for a precise amount of additive to finely and accurately coat the interior wall. This ensures quick mixing with the blood, thus enhancing the

29、 anticoagulation effects.U-REAL offers both EDTA K2 and K3.EDTA TubesThe optimal EDTA Precautions with EDTADepending on the specimens, it may cause a condition of platelet aggregation. Because EDTA allows Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc to be detected by chelating them, and these elements are nec

30、essary for the stability and expression of enzymes, these tubes can not be used for emergency testing.Precautions with EDTADependingPlasma TubesPlasma TubesPlasma TubesThe Plasma Tubes contain Heparin Lithium or Heparin Sodium as anti-coagulants, which, by activating anti-thrombins, inhibit the coag

31、ulation cascade.These tubes are useful for biochemical testing and especially in emergency situations, where hemorheology testing is vital for determining appropriate treatment procedures. Plasma TubesThe Plasma Tubes Plasma Tubes16IU heparin can anti-coagulate 1ml of blood. Our technology ensures a

32、n even and sufficient amount of additive is present in each tube, resulting in ideal samples for the lab.Plasma tubes are also available with separating gel. Heparin and Gel tubes have light green caps.Plasma Tubes16IU heparin can aPrecautions with Plasma TubesHeparin Lithium and Heparin Sodium both

33、 strongly affect blood cell shape and are thus not suitable for hematology tests. There is virtually no difference between results using Heparin Sodium or Lithium, but when using Heparin Sodium, blood plasma sodium levels may be slightly higher. The same is true of lithium levels when using Heparin

34、Lithium.Precautions with Plasma TubesHCoagulation TubesCoagulation TubesCoagulation TubesThese tubes contain a buffered Sodium Citrate solution with a concentration of 3.2%. Sodium Citrate disrupts the blood clotting mechanism by chelating calcium ions. In our formula, one part Sodium Citrate can an

35、ti-coagulate 9 parts blood. Coagulation tests provide information about platelet count and functions, and activation times for several factors in the coagulation cascades pathways. Coagulation TubesThese tubes cESR TubesESR TubesESR Tubes contain a 3.8% Sodium Citrate solution, where one part anti-c

36、oagulates four parts blood.ESR stands for erythrocyte sedimentation rate tests. In these tests, anti-coagulated blood is placed in a tube, and the quantity of red blood cells precipitating In one hour is measured in mm. ESR TubesESR Tubes contain a 3.8% SodiuESR TubesThese non-specific tests, whose

37、results indicate the presence of inflammations, are used along with other tests to detect and monitor infections, cancers, and a number of other conditions, as well as treatment progress.ESR TubesThese non-specific tePrecautions with Sodium CitrateThe ratio of Sodium Citrate to blood is extremely im

38、portant for adequate test results.The tubes labels contain a marker for the required amount of blood to be collected, but every year the required amount of blood will drop by more or less 10% as the tube loses its vacuum pressure. Therefore, these tubes only have a 1 year shelf life.Precautions with

39、 Sodium CitratFluoride and Oxalate TubesFluoride and Oxalate TubesFluoride and Oxalate TubesGray cap tubes are utilized for testing blood glucose and lactate.Sodium Fluoride combines with Calcium ions to form CAF2 and prevents the decomposition of glucose by blocking the enolase enzyme. In addition

40、to Sodium Fluoride, these tubes contain an anticoagulant such as Potassium Oxalate or EDTA.Fluoride and Oxalate TubesGrayU-MBCTU-MBCTU-MBCTU-MBCT tubes are mainly used for peripheral blood collection. They are especially suitable for small children and geriatric patients. U-MBCT products feature a s

41、pecially designed cap for sealing the container. The inner surface has an excellent hem repellency, necessary for the preparation of a high quality blood sample. The bar-coded labels enable processing in automated laboratories. U-MBCTU-MBCT tubes are maiEXTRASU-REAL can also offer a variety of needl

42、es and needle holders.EXTRASU-REAL can also offer4、ABOUT BLOOD COLLECTIONThe Blood Collection ProcessThings to AvoidUnwanted ResultsPrecautions4、ABOUT BLOOD COLLECTIONTHE BLOOD COLLECTION PROCESS1. Extract blood2. Turn the tube3. Store upright at room temperatureTHE BLOOD COLLECTION PROCESS1.Blood C

43、ollection PositionFor adults, the vein on the inside of the elbow is preferred.If the patient is receiving intravenous fluids, blood should be collected from the other arm.When collecting blood for multiple tubes with a butterfly needle, discard the first blood.Blood Collection PositionFor aUsing a

44、Butterfly NeedleButterfly needles can be used to collect blood for multiple tubes.When using a butterfly needle, the first tube used should be a yellow or red cap tube. Because the air initially in the butterfly needle reduces the vacuum of the tube, the volume collected will be less than required,

45、and only these tubes can provide adequate results with lower quantities of blood.Using a Butterfly NeedleButterUsing a Butterfly NeedleFurther, when the needle first punctures the skin, some of the bodys natural clot activating mechanisms may enter the tube and begin coagulation activity. This is no

46、t desirable with anti-coagulant tubes.Because collected volume is essential to appropriate results with Sodium citrate tubes, we recommend that the blue cap tubes are the second tube used when using a butterfly needle.Using a Butterfly NeedleFurtheRecommended Collection OrderYellowBlueGreenGrayPurpl

47、eRedBlack123456orRecommended Collection OrderYeTHINGS TO AVOIDImproper CollectionHemolyticFibrin PrecipitationBlood Cells Remaining in the SerumImproper Post-collection ProceduresTHINGS TO AVOIDImproper CollecThe Angling of the Needle into the Needle HolderThe tube must be inserted parallel to the n

48、eedle holder. Otherwise, the needle might not properly penetrate the caps rubber stopper. If the angle is skewed, you may meet some resistance from the needle to puncture the rubber. If so, it is best to withdraw the tube and reinsert at the proper parallel angle.The Angling of the Needle intoIncorr

49、ect insertion Proper parallel insertion Incorrect insertion Proper parNeedle Issues Leading to Inadequate CollectionWhen using your thumb to press the tube onto the needle in the holder, make sure that the tube does not come off the needle when you remove your thumbs pressure.If this happens, use yo

50、ur thumb to push the tube back onto the needle.Needle Issues Leading to InadeNeedle not fully in tube Needle not fully in tube Using Appropriate Tubes for the Desired Draw VolumeIf insufficient blood is collected, residual vacuum in the tubes after collection may lead to hemolytic, and particles rel

51、eased by the burst cells may affect test results.Tubes with inappropriate levels of additives should not be used. The ratio of sodium citrate to blood is essential for coagulation and ESR tests; excess EDTA will increase osmotic pressure and affect hematology test results.Using Appropriate Tubes for

52、 thHemolyticRed blood cells may burst for a number of different reasons. This is called hemolytic.If this occurs, hemoglobin and other components of the red blood cell will be released into the blood plasma, which can affect test results.HemolyticRed blood cells maFactors Leading to HemolyticContact

53、 with water: Water has a lower osmotic pressure than blood, and this difference can cause the cells to rupture.Foaming: Intense motion can cause blood to foam. If the red blood cells come into contact with air, their membranes may dry out, they will lose surface tension, and hemolytic will occur.Dec

54、ompression: Lower pressure will also cause the cell to denature and burst.Physical damage to cells: Strong impacts, heavy shaking, or other intense motions may cause cells to rupture.Factors Leading to HemolyticCoFibrin PrecipitationCoagulation normally occurs when fibrin interacts with other factor

55、s in the blood to form a clot. Blood clots are denser than gel, so they can be separated from serum. However, fibrin and blood cells repel each other and if some blood clots cant form completely, fibrin will precipitate. Because it is less dense than gel and attached to the clots, it may then create

56、 a gap in the gel, contaminating the serum specimen, and affecting the test results. Fibrin PrecipitationCoagulatioFibrin PrecipitationFibrin PrecipitationFactors Leading to Fibrin PrecipitationInadequate turning: The tubes inner wall is coated with coagulant, and if the tube isnt properly turned, t

57、he additive will not sufficiently mix with the blood.If because enough time isnt given or enough additive isnt used, insufficient coagulation before centrifugation will cause incompletely formed clots and fibrin precipitation.Factors Leading to Fibrin PrecAvoiding Fibrin PrecipitationAfter blood col

58、lection, make sure to turn the tube 8-10 times slowly, so that the additive mixes well and to prevent any leaks at the stopper.After turning, wait for 15 to 20 minutes before placing the tube in the centrifuge. This way there is enough time for the blood to completely coagulate.Avoiding Fibrin PrecipitationAImproper Post-collection ProcedureCoagulation conditions: Turn the tube well, set it upright,