2022-2023学年高一英语分层卷Unit 1 People of Achievement A卷·知识通关练（解析版）

1、选择性必修 Book 1 Unit 1 People of AchievementA卷知识通关练一、词汇与短语I.重点词汇默写.crucial a.至关重要的;关键性的malaria n. 疟疾vital adj必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的commit v.承诺;保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于;全心全意投入commit oneself o do承诺乂呆证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等academic adj.学业的;学术的objective n.目标;目的adj.客观的botanical adj.植物学的evaluate vt.评价;评

2、估property n.性质;特征;财产distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的extract n.提取物;摘录 vt.提取;提炼;摘录;（用力）拔出obtain vt.（尤指经努力）获得;赢得vi.（规章、习俗等）存在;流行acknowledge vt.成认（属实、权威等）;（公开）感谢defeat n.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜analyse v.分析apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求II.拓展词汇变形 mitted adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commit vt.承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于；全心全 意

3、投入（工作、活动等）一commitment n.投入；承诺conclusion n.结论；推论-conclude v.下结论；得出结论acknowledge vt.成认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢acknowledgment n.成认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感 谢gentle adj.温柔的；文静的gently adv.温柔地；温和地31 vt.&vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点-boiled adj.煮开的一boiling adj.沸腾的remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的Tremarkably adv.惊人地remark v. &n.谈论；评论consequence

4、n.结果；后果Tconsequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.结果；因此evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n.评价；评估apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然apparent adj.显而易见的；明显的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地tgradual adj.逐渐的analyse vt.分析analyst n.分析师；分析家一 n.分析（pl.） analysesscientific adj.科学（上）的；关于科学的scientifically adv.合乎木耳学地一science ru 科学scientist

5、 n.科 学家vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的一 adv.极其theory n.理论；学说theoretical adi.理论上的novelist n.小说家novel n.（长篇）小说politician n.从政者；政治家；政客politics n.政治political adj.与政治有关的relativity n.相对论；相对性relative adj.相对的n.亲戚relate v.表达；使有联系；有关联infer vt推断；推定inference n.推断；推论T/inferred/inferring （过去式/过去分词/现在分词）passion n.酷爱；激

6、情一passionate adj.热情的；狂热的academy n.（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院;学会;专科院校academic adj.学业的；学术的academically adv.学业上；学术上botanical adj.植物学的botany n.植物学objective n.目标；目的 adj.客观的object n.物体 v.反对7（反）subjective adj.主观的distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的distinctive adj.独特的；特别的；有特色的distinction n.清 楚；清晰IIL核心短语互译.make a discovery 做 出发现.

7、pay attention to注意;重视.form a better impression of形成更好的印象.be awarded to sb. 被授予给ead to导致；通向.hundreds of thousands of几十万； 无数.millions of成千上万的；无数的.die from 死于； 因而死.become a vital part of成为的重要组成局部.graduate from从毕业.form a team of 组成的团队.with the objective of (doing)以(做)为目的.in the beginning 开始，开端；起初14.beco

8、me the head of成为的首领/负责人15.in the fight against在与对抗/斗争中16.suggest doing sth建议做某事.extract from从提取/摘录.a collection of 一批;，一些.try doing sth尝试做某事.get stuck进入僵局,被卡住.acknowledge defeat 成认失败，服输.by chance偶然；意外地.draw out 抽出，提取.insisted on doing sth坚持做某事.test the medicine on sb 在某人身上试验这种药.make sure 确信；证实.accor

9、ding to 根据，按照； 取决于； 据所说.team effort 团队合作，团队努力的结果.other than 除了 ； 不同于3O.relate to 涉及，有关IV.根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空Faraday was the inventor (invent) of the electric generator and electric motor.Faradays father suffered from longtime health problems, as a result of which his family had little money to affor

10、d his formal schooling.But he was curious and determined to learn.While working(work) in London as a teenager, he had a chance to read various (vary) books that he could get his hands on.In 1812, he attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy.A year

11、later Faraday was accepted (accept) as Davys lab assistant.Davy also took Faraday on an 18month tour of Europe, where Faraday met some of the most famous scientists of the day.But for Davy, Faraday would have lost (lose) the opportunity to gain a complete scientific education.He soon began to do exp

12、eriments (experiment) with electricity.In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction.And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the lab, which did harm to his health.By the end of the decade he was in such poor health that his research did not begin again until 1845.In the mid 1850

13、s, he was forced to retire and he lived at Hampton Court until his death on August 25,1867.二、句式与篇章I.教材原句补全In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家

14、团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.通过研究，他们发现并测试了 380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat mala

15、ria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.之后他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依旧无效。他们的工程陷入了僵局。然而, 屠呦呦并不认输。According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,

16、 “The honor is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is iodned an honor for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.据屠呦呦所说，青蒿素的发现式团队共同努力的结果。获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时

17、，她说：“这份荣誉不 仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队以及全国人民。这项成功印证了传统中医药的巨大价值。中国的科学研 究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。”II.单句语法填空It occurred to me that I could ask my cousin to help me obtain（获得）a visa.She acknowledged（成认）having been cheated in the market.It is difficult to evaluate（评估）the damage to this village.He sits down and analyses（

18、分析）why she feels so upset.He paused, apparently （显然地）lost in thought staring at the book.She insists （坚持）that I go to the library with her.Although his wife is young, she has made wonderful scientific （科学的） discoveries.Reading is of vital （，必要的） importance in language learning.He cares about （关/心）no

19、body but himself in the trip to Qingdao.A group of thieves robbed the bank of millions of （百万）dollars.Many people divd from （死于）cholera in Europe in the last century.One may make a mistake by chance （偶然）but one can t make mistakes all his life.I think it is unwise that the company insists on （坚持）the

20、 high price.She is committed to （专注于）the care of the patients. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught （catch）.He was apparently （apparent）much surprised at the news.Our leader insisted that we（should） caery（carry） it out. Some of the people invited（invite） to the party couldn t

21、come.He learned the distinctions （distinct） between gold and lead.This material is very rare and is also hard to obtain （obtain）.The old man is more than our teacher； he s also our friend.Scientific, （science） research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5 - 10 years.Zhang Guimei, a c

22、ommitted educator, committed herself to education. Her commitment was praised by people.（commit）He acknowledged that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in acknowledgement of his help.(acknowledge)As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a scientist. Now he is committed to doing scientific researches, (science)They concluded that the new virus is more dangerous. The scientific research suppo