宾语从句简析

1、宾语从句(在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句)讲解1语序: 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1）连接词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？The small children dont know what is in their stockings这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？2）连接词名词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，wh

2、at，which，how many，how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他问我们班上谁的书法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room老师问我们房间里有多少人。3）连接词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：He hasnt decided

3、if hell go on a trip to Wuxi他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？4）连接词名词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。2连接词1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用tha

4、t引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting thi

5、s morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？3时态: 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：I dont know when he will come back我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：The children d

6、idnt know who he was孩子们不知道他是谁。He asked his father how it happened他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老师说地球绕着太阳转。4注意：if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语

7、从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？Sorry，I dont knowWhen he comes back，Ill tell you对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。I dont know if he will come我不知道他是否会来。He will come if it doesnt rain如果不下雨，他会来的。练习：( )1. No one can

8、 be sure _ in a hundred years. A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. what man looked like D. what man will look like( )2. I want to buy a pet dog. Could you tell me _ ? A. how can I get one B. where can I get one C. where I can get one D. what can I get( )3. Miss Green didnt tell us _

9、 in 2002, but now she lives in our school. A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived( )4. We should try to do _. A. what we should do B. what should we do C. how we should do D. how should we do( )5. Excuse me. Could you tell me _? Sure. Its there, next to th

10、e supermarket. A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is C. where was the nearest bank ( )6. The policeman asked the boy_. A. where is his mother B. where his mother is C. where was his mother D. where his mother was( )7. Does anyone know _? I hear that he was born in America. A. wha

11、t he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. which country is he from( )8. Do you know _ the man with glasses is? A reporter, I think. A. what B. that C. who D. where( )9. Could you tell me _ at the meeting? Sorry, I dont know. I didnt go to the meeting that day. A. what does he say B. what

12、 he says C. what he said D. what did he say( )10. He said that he _ TV at that time. A. was watching B. watches C. watching D. has watched( )11. Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _. A. what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily( )12. Can you tel

13、l me when_? About two weeks ago. A. does she buy the car B. did he buy the car C. he bought the car D. he buys the car( )13. Id like to know _. At 6:30.when does your mother usually cook breakfast B. how your mother usually cooks breakfastwhen your mother usually cooks breakfast D. how does your mot

14、her usually cooks breakfast( )14. Excuse me, could you tell me _. Sorry, sir. I wasnt there at that time. A. how did the accident happen B. how the accident happened C. how does the accident happen D. how the accident happens( )15. Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday if it _? Sorry,

15、 Ive no idea. A. will go, is fine B. goes, is fine C. will go, is going to be fine D. goes, will be fine( )16. The boy asked his father_. A. where it happens B. when did it happen C. what was it happen D. how it happened( )17. Look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _? A. who is he B. w

16、ho he is C. what is he D. what he is( )18. Sorry, what did you say just now? I asked_. A. when did he leave B. where you have been C. whom did you go with D. how I could get to the station( )19. I dont know _ now. She is much better today. A. how is she B. where is she C. how she is D. where she is(

17、 )20. I want to know_. A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at( )21. Do you know _ now? In the peoples hotel. A. where is Tom working B. where did Tom work C. where Tom is working

18、D. where Tom worked( )22. Do you know _ the girl in red is? Im not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what( )23. I really want to know _. A. what is wrong with my brother B. how will he go to Beijing tomorrow C. if had he bought that car D. where did he go yesterday( )24. He told the

19、police he couldnt believe_ at first. A. what does the captain say B. what the captain says C. what did the captain say D. what the captain said( )25. Do you know _ the new phone last week? Maybe 900 yuan, Im not sure.A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for D

20、. how much she will pay for( )26. Excuse me, could you tell me _ the book about the aliens? At Hongxing bookshop. A. where I can buy B. where can I buy C. when can I buy D. when I can buy( )27. She wanted to know_ next Saturday. A. when will you go swimming with her B. who you would go swimming C. i

21、f you would go swimming D. that you will go swimming( )28. Your shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _? A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it( )29. Do you know_ the M P4 yesterday? Sorry, Ive no idea about it. A. how much did he pay for B. how much

22、he paid for C. he paid for how much D. he paid how much for( )30. Do you know _ last night? Some school things. A. what does she buy B. what she buys C. what did she buy D. what she boughtUnit 8 测试题()1.Attention, please. The plane has to be _ because of the heavy rain. Oh, bad luck! We have to wait

23、now. A.put on B.put off C.put up D.put away()2.Not only _ she like English, but she likes Chinese. A.does B.did C./ D.is ()3.Now, the important thing is to _ the way to solve the problem of pollution. A. come along with B. come up to C. come over with D. come up with()4.I work hard to work _ the mat

24、h problem. A.to B.out C.of D.on ()5.The baby is crying. Lets _. A.cheer him up B.look him up C.work him out D.laugh at him()6.Could I borrow some money from you? Ive _ mine. A.put up B.fixed up C.run out of D.set up ()7.Not only Mary but also I _ from Canada. A.is B.are C.am D.was()8.He _ his parent

25、s. He is especially like his mother. A.takes after B.looks after C.looks out of D.takes off ()9.My watch is broken. Can you help me _ it up? A.mend B.mended C.fix D.repair()10.They decided _ out for the camp because of the rain. A.to not go B.to go not C.not to go D.go to not()11.Dont put off_ to se

26、e the doctor when you are ill. A.go B.to go C.going D.gone ()12.Cleanup Day is only two weeks from now. How can we let more people know it? We could _advertisements after school. A.call up B.hand out C.put off D.think up()13.This kind of animal is very similar_ a pig in appearance. A.with B.to C.at

27、D.on()14.The computer_ you bought for me works very well. A.where B.that C.who D.what()15.The room was soon filled_ people. A.with B.of C.out D.into ()16._Tom _Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well. A.Neither; nor B.Not only; but also C.Both; and D.E

28、ither; or()17.Mrs.Black is a friend of _. A.Marys mothers B.Marys mother C.mothers of Mary D.Mary mothers()18.He always imagines _ the game one day. A.him to win B.to win C.winning D.won ()19.The sudden rain made_ for the singers to put on performances. A.that possible B.that impossible C.it possibl

29、e D.it impossible()20._such a big room _a hard job. A.Cleaning; is B.Clean; is C.Cleaning; are D.Cleans; are四用单词的适当形式填空。PAGE PAGE 51. In the past, hundreds of people died of h.2. Can you iyourself becoming famous as a writer?3. Didnt you see the sNO SMOKING?4. Grandpa is quite d and needs a hearing

30、aid.5. A young man helped my sister c her luggage.6. Mr Jia is nearly b in the right eye.7. Run upstairs and f me my glasses, will you?8. My desk drawer is f with schoolbooks.9. There is an afor a free day of picnic in the countryside.10. “Please sthe door when you leave,” Mrs Li said.二、完形填空（2011淄博卷

31、）Robby was 11 years old when his mother sent him to have his first piano lesson. I prefer that students begin at an earlier age, but Robby said _1_ had always been his mothers dream to hear him play the piano. So I took him on(接纳) _2_ my student. Although Robby tried very hard, _3_ he was not good a

32、t music. However, he continued and _4_ the end of each weekly lesson hed always say: “My mom is going to hear me play someday.” But it seemed hopeless. He didnt have a talent for music. One day, Robby stopped _5_ to our lessons. He told me that his mom had been sick and unable to take him to piano l

33、essons, but he was still practicing. He asked _6_ he could take part in my concert and I agreed. The night of the concert came. The high school gym _7_ with parents, friends and relatives. The concert was going well. Then Robby came up on the stage, and began to play the piano. He played _8_ well th

34、at everyone was on their feet, clapping(鼓掌)excitedly. In tears, I ran up on the stage, “Oh, Robby! _9_ did you do it?”. “Well, Miss Greenremember I told you my mom was sick? Well, actually she had cancer and died this morning. And wellshe was born deaf, so tonight was the _10_ time she ever heard me

35、 play the piano. I wanted to make it special. ( )1. A. it B. its C. that D. he ( )2. A. with B. for C. in D. as ( )3. A. and B. but C. / D. so ( )4. A. in B. by C. to D. at ( )5. A. come B. to come C. coming D. came ( )6. A. why B. if C. when D. how( )7. A. packed B. was packed C. were packed D. pac

36、king( ) 8. A. so B. such C. very D. quite( )9. A. Why B. How C. What D. When( )10. A. good B. better C. best D. worst三、阅读理解 【2011山东聊城】AMost children dont enjoy doing housework. They like playing computer games rather than cleaning the rooms. But in Australia, Jim and Roberts mother, Mrs Black, has g

37、ood and proper methods to get their children to do housework. Here is an example. “Mum, have you worked out next weeks housework? Let Jim and me choose the cards. I cant wait. Its fun!”When Robert shouted out, his mother had already put all the cards on their big table. On the cards, there are some

38、words like these, “sweep the floor, clean your bedroom, help mum cook, wash vegetables, make beds, feed the fish, cut the wood, clean the bathroom” and many others, Jim and Robert chose two cards for each day from Monday to Friday. Then they would hang them on the week day task board. Jim likes to c

39、lean the bathroom, so he picked up the card “clean the bathroom”. Robert loves to make the bed so he picked up his favorite card. Jim again picked up “wash vegetables” and Robert chose “feed the fish”. Soon the two boys were happy to take away all the cards To help the children do housework, their m

40、other thought hard and came up with this idea. Of course, the parents did the housework on the weekends and left Jim and Robert two days free.来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K( )1. From the passage we know that most children like .A. doing housework B. playing computer games C. playing cards D. doing housework ( )2.

41、Jim and Robert chose card for the weekdays from Monday to Friday. A. two B. four C. eight D. ten ( )3. Jim likes to . A. clean the bathroom B. make the bed C. feel the fish D. sweep the floor ( )4. The underlined phrase “came up with” probably means “ ”.A. looked at B. gave up C. thought of D. belie

42、ved in ( )5. Who did the housework on the weekends? A. Jim B. Robert C. The parents D. The whole family BThe widespread number of food scandals ( 丑闻) in China is making many people pause before they put their chopsticks in their mouth. They are wondering if the food they are eating is clean, healthy

43、 and nutritious or does it contain something harmful that will cause disease?Most of the food we eat today is processed food( 加工食品). That means the foods we buy in stores and supermarkets, especially packaged foods, are prepared in factories. Chemicals are added to the foods in these factories to ma

44、ke them look better, taste better and last longer on the shelf. The chemicals are supposed to be harmless and there are laws that regulate which chemicals can and cannot be used. Unfortunately, some producers do not obey the laws.A producer of steamed buns (馒头) in Zhejiang Province was recently disc

45、overed to be breaking the law. He was adding yellow dye and other banned chemicals to the buns. He was also taking old buns and using them to make new buns. Most of the buns were sold to schools and eaten by students. . . like you Why did he do it? Why did he break the law and endanger peoples healt

46、h? The answer is simple: he wanted to make more money. It was a moral failing, and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China. Too many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others.( )1. Chemicals are added to the foods in the factories because _.A. they want to make the foods look better, taste better and last longerB. they want to make the foods contain something harmfulC