英语主系表结构

1、 /10 /10五种基本句型主系表结构主（语）+系（动词）+表（语）主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的。从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的头把交椅”从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的陈述对象”后面的一切都是针对 主语来说的。主语一般是名词或代词（当然还有其他，这里暂且详细讨论）系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语 和表语的。系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这 样有助于我们记忆系动词：be 动词类： am V is、are、was、Were三、四、感官动词类：冃艮（IOOk ）耳（SOUnd鼻（SmeII舌（taste）身

2、（feel） 表示延续性的动词：remain V stay、keep表语从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语：没有表语，就没有系动词。二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。表语通常是由形容 词 介词短语 名词、代词 动词不定式、doi ng等来充当。上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是 这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，因此， 记住系动词非常重要。练习找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性 或词类来充当的。TOm is a StUde nt.H

3、e is fat.I am tired We are StUde nts.The bag WaS IOSt.The boy WaS foolish .They Were ki nd.She is in the room.The books are Orl the desk.Sn ow is White.Kate WaS here yesterday.My father became a teacher in 1978.The Weather gets hot in summer.She IOOkS beautiful.The flower SmeIlS good.We Were Very ha

4、ppy.YOU are right.The SOUP tastes delicious.The Chair is yours.The ChiIClre n are asleep.The StOry is in teresti ng.He feels better today.The Ieaf tur ns gree n.I StayeCl awake all the ni ght.The Weather StiII rema ined COld in APril.The IittIe girl is six.My WOrk is to IOOk after the baby.HiS job i

5、s tak ing Care Of the Patie nt.The girl is Very pretty.He Went mad.PleaSe don , t get angry.The Weather is gett ing COIder and COlder-YOU IOOk an gry.She IOOkS Iike her mother.YOU IOOk unhappy, What , S the matter?ThOSe roses SmeIl beautiful.ThiS tastes nice. What, S in it?DO you feel happy?He rema

6、ined SiIe nt.The Weather is going to Stay fine.y job is teach ing Erl glishShe is at homeI feel terrible .He is OIder than he looks.他比看上去要老。He Seerl interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。The StOry SOU nds in teresti ng.这个故事听起来有趣。The desk feels hard书桌摸起来很硬。The Cake tastes nice 饼尝起来很香。The flowers SmeIl SW

7、eet and n ice 花闻起来香甜。YOU have grow n taller than before 你长得比以前高了。He has SUddenIy fallen ill 他突然病倒了。He StOOel quite StiII 他静静地站看。He IOOkS WeIl 他面色好。It SOUndS nice这个听起来不错。Ifeel good我感觉好。The egg SmeIlS bad这个鸡蛋难闻。He became a teacher at last.HiS face turned red.IS he an Erl glish teacher, Chirl ese teach

8、er Or JaPa nese teachei 他 是一个 英语 汉语还是日语老师？练习答案找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性 或词类来充当的。TOiTl is a StUde nt.汤姆是一个学生。TOm主语，名词a StUdent表语 名词He is fat.他很胖。He主语，代词fat表语，形容词I am tired 我累了I主语，代词tired表语，形容词We are StUde nts我们是学生。We主语，代词StUdentS表语，名词The bag WaS IOSt 包丢了。The bag主语，名词IOSt丢，形容词，表语The boy is fo

9、olish这男孩是愚蠢的。The boy主语，名词foolish愚蠢的，形容词，表语They Were ki nd他们很亲切。They主语，代词kind.亲切的，和蔼的，形容词，表语She is in the roo ITl 她在屋里。She主语，代词in the room.在屋里，介词短语，表语The books are Orl the desk 书在桌子上。The books主语，名词Onthedesk.在桌子上，介词短语，表语Sn OW is White雪是白色的。SnoW主语，名词White白色的，形容词，表语Kate WaS here yesterday 凯特昨天在这。Kate主语，

10、名词here代词，表语yesterday时间状语My father became a teacher in 1978 我爸爸在成为一名教师。 Myfather主语，名词a teacher名词，表语in 1978时间状语The Weather gets hot in SUmmer 夏天，天气变热了。The Weather主语，名词hot形容词表语in SUmmer时间状语She IOOkS beautiful她看起来很漂亮。She主语,代词beautiful表语,形容词The flower SmeIlS good 花闻起来很香。The flower主语，名词good形容词，表语We Were V

11、ery happ y 我们很高兴。We主语，代词Very happy表语，形容词YOU are right 你对了。YoU主语，代词right形容词，表语The SOUP tastes delicious 汤尝起来美味。The SOUP主语，名词delicious美味的，形容词，表语The Chair is yours 椅子是你的。The Chair主语，名词yours表语，物主代词The ChilClre n are asleep 孩 子们睡着了。The ChiIclren主语，名词asleep表语，形容词The StOry is in teresti ng 这故事挺有趣。The StOry

12、主语，名词interesting形容词，表语He feels better today 他今天感觉不错。He主语，代词better形容词，表语today时间状语The Ieaf turns green.树叶变绿了。The Ieaf主语，名词green表语，形容词I Stayed awake all the night 我整夜没睡。I主语，代词awake形容词，表语all the night时间状语The Weather StiIl remained COld in APriI四月份天气在仍很冷。The Weather 主语，名词COld形容词，标语in APril时间状语The Iittle

13、girl is SiX 这小女孩六岁了。Thelittlegirl主语，名词SiX数词，表语My WOrk is to IOOk after the baby.我的工作是照看小孩。My WOrk主语，名词to IOOk after the baby动词不定式短语做表语HiS job is taki ng Care Of the Patie nt 他的工作是照顾病人。HiS job 主语， 名词taking Care Of the Patient动名词短语做表语The girl is Very Pretty 这女孩很漂亮。The girl主语，名词Very Pretty-形容词，表语He Wen

14、t mad 他疯了。He主语，代词ITlad形容词，表语PIeaSe don , t get玄请不要生气。祈使句，缺少主语，get做系动词，后边的做表语The Weather is gett ing COIder and COIder 天变的越来越冷了，The Weather 主语，名词COIder and COIder形容词短语做表语，形容词比较级and形容词比较 级 表示一y渐变的过程。YOU IOOk angry 你生气了。YoU主语，代词angry形容词，表语She IOOkS Iike her mother她看起来象她妈妈。She主语，名词her mother名词，表语YOU IOO

15、k Url happy, s the 你 Oft 起来不高兴，怎么了。YOU 主语,WhatThOSe roses SmeIl goodS些玫瑰花闻气来很香。ThOSe roses主语，名词good形容词，表语ThiS tastes nice. What 这东西尝起来不错，它里边包的什么？ThiS代词，主语nice形容词，表语DO you feel happy?感觉快乐么。DO you feel happy?般疑问句，do助动词提前，you主语，代词，happy形 容词，表语He remai ned SiIe nt 他保持沉默。He主语，代词Silent形容词，表语The Weather is

16、 going to Stay fine 天气将持续晴朗。The Weather主语，名词fine形容词，表语y job is teachi ng Erl glish我的工作是教英语。M y job主语，名词EngliSh名词，表语She is at home 她在家呢。She主语，代词at home介词短语做表语I feel terrible .我感觉很可怕。I主语,代词terrible形容词，表语He is OIder than he looks.他比看上去要老。He主语，代词OlderthanhelOOkS表语，形容词短语He Seen interested in the book.他似乎

17、对这本书感兴趣。He主语，代词the book名词，表语The StOry SOU nds in teresti ng.这个故事听起来有趣。The StOry主语，名词interesting形容词，表语The desk feels hard书桌摸起来很硬。The desk主语，名词hard形容词，表语The Cake tastes nice 饼尝起来很香。The Cake名词，主语nice形容词，表语The flowers SmeIl SWeet and n ice 花闻起来香甜。The flowers主语，名词SWeet and nice并列形容词做表语YOU have grow n taller than before .你长得比以前高了。YOU主语，代词taller than before形容词短语做表语He has SUddenly fallen ill 他突然病倒了。He主语，代词ill形容词做表语He StOOd quite StiII .他静静地站看。 /He主语，代词Still形容词做表语He主语，代词a teacher名词做表语He IOOkS WeIl 他面色好。He主语，代词Well形容词做表语It SOUndS nice这个听起来不错。It主语，代词nice形容词做表语I feel good我感觉好。I主语，代词good