地质专业英语词汇

1、 地质专业词汇abandon废弃abandonedmine废弃矿山abatis通风隔墙ablation剥蚀ablationbreccia剥蚀角砾岩ablationmoraine消融碛ablationtill消融碛abnormal异常的abnormalmetamorphism异常变质酌abrade剥蚀abrasion海蚀abrasionplatform磨蚀台地abrasionsurface浪蚀面abrasionterrace磨蚀阶地abrazite多水高岭土absarokite正边玄武岩absoluteage绝对年龄absolutechronology绝对年代学absolutedating绝对年

2、代测定absoluteporosity绝对孔隙率absolutepressure绝对压力absorbedwater吸附水absorbent吸收剂abundance丰度abundanceofelements元素丰度abundanceofisotopes同位素丰度abundanceratioofisotopes同位素相对丰度abysmaldeposits深海沉积物abyss深海abyssal深海的abyssalbenthiczone深渊底栖带abyssaldeposits深海沉积物abyssalfacies深海相abyssalhillsprovince深海丘陵区abyssalinjection深成

3、贯入abyssalrock深成岩abyssalsediments深海沉积物accompanyingmineral伴生矿物accordionfold棱角褶皱accretion冲积层、增生楔accretiongley结核潜育层acidbaseequilibrium酸碱平衡acidhumus酸性腐殖质acidplagioclase酸性斜长石acidrock酸性岩acidsoil酸性土acidsolution酸性溶液acrefoot英亩英尺activevolcano活火山adit平峒adjacentrock围岩adjacentsea边缘海adobe灰质粘土agedetermination时代鉴定age

4、spectra年龄谱agentoferosion侵蚀力airvolcano气火山airborneelectromagnetics航空电磁法airbornemagneticprospecting航空磁法勘探airbornemagnetometer航空地磁仪airborneremotesensing航空遥感algae藻类algalcoal藻煤alkali碱alkalibasaet碱性玄武岩allochthonous外来的allochthonouscoal异地生成煤alluvial冲积的alluvialapron山麓冲积扇alluvialchannel冲积河道alluvialdeposit冲积层al

5、luvialfan冲积扇alluvialplain冲积平原alpides阿尔卑斯造山带alpineorogeny阿尔卑斯造山运动alpinetypevein阿尔卑斯型矿脉alpinotypetectonics阿尔卑斯型构造alteration蚀变alterationhalo蚀变晕alteredmineral蚀变矿物alternant交替的alternatinglayers互层ammonites菊石类amount总计amountofevaporation蒸发量amountofprecipitation降水量ampelite黄铁炭质页岩amygdaloidal杏仁状的amygdaloidalstr

6、ucture杏仁状构造analysisbysedimentation沉积分析anamorphiczone合成变质带anamorphism合成变质ancientchannel古河道ancientlandform古地形angiospermous被子的angiosperms被子植物angleofinclination倾斜角angleofstrike走向角度angleofsubsidence陷落角angular有角的angulardiscordance斜交不整合anhydrite硬石膏arenaceous砂屑的arenaceousrock砂质岩arenaceoustexture砂质结构arenes粗砂

7、arenopelitic砂泥质的arenose粗砂质的argillaceous泥质的argillaceouslimestone泥质灰岩argillite泥岩argillization泥化aridbasin干燥盆地aridpeneplain干旱准平原aridzone干旱带ariditycoefficient干燥系数aridityindex干燥指数arithmeticalaveragingthickness算术平均厚度ashfree无灰分的ashstructure火山灰构造asymmetrical不对称的asymmetricalanticline不对称背斜augenstructure眼状构造aut

8、ochthonous原地的autochthonouscoal原地生成煤autochthonousdeposit原地沉积autochthonousfold原地褶皱aven落水洞 backswamp河漫滩沼泽backfill充填balance平衡balanceresources表内储量band带;夹层banded带状的bandedcoal条带状煤barrenbed哑层barrenofcoal不含煤的basalcomplex基底杂岩basalconglomerate底砾岩basalsandstone基底砂岩basalstructure基底构造basalt玄武岩basanite碧玄岩basement基

9、底basementnappe基底推复体basin盆地basite基性岩bathyaldeposit次深海沉积bathyalfacies半深海相bathyalzone半深海带beat露头bed层bedsuccesion层序bedvein板状脉beddedvein板状脉bedding层理beddingfault层面断层beddingfoliation顺层面理beddingjoint层状节理beddingthrust层面冲断层bedrock基岩bedspattern河床型式bench海蚀平台benchmining阶梯式开采bend弯曲bendingfold弯曲褶皱benioffzone贝尼奥夫夫带b

10、enthonic底栖的benthos底栖生物bentonicorganism底栖生物biochron生物年代biochronology生物年代学bioclast生物碎屑岩bioclasticrock生物碎屑岩biocoenose生物群落biocoenosis生物群落biotite黑云母biotiteandesite黑云安山岩biotitization黑云母化bismalith岩柱bismuth铋bismuthglance辉铋矿bit钻头bitpressure钻压bitweight钻压bitumen沥青bituminization沥青化bituminouscoal烟煤bituminousshal

11、e沥青质页岩bitummenratio沥青比值blackironore磁铁矿blackjack铁闪锌矿blacklead石墨blastfurnace高炉blasthole炮眼blastholedrilling钻炮眼blasting爆破blastingcap雷管bleachedzone淋溶带blindfault隐伏断层blindorebody盲矿体blindshaft盲井blindvalley盲谷blindzone盲区 block滑车blockandtackle滑轮组blockcaving分块崩开采法blockmountain断块山blockmovement地块运动blockstructure块

12、状结构blockupwarping地块隆起blowaut井喷blowing井喷bog沼地bogformation沼泽化bogironore沼铁矿bogpeat低位泥炭boghead藻煤bogheadcoal藻煤boilingline钢丝绳bolson干燥盆地bomb火山弹bonanza富矿体borehole钻孔borepit探井borer钻工boring钻进boringbar钻杆boringbit钻头boringhead钻头boringmachine钻机boringmethod钻井方法boringpump钻眼用泵boringrod钻杆boringrodset钻杆装置boringrope钻机用的

13、钢丝绳boringstick土钻boringtube钻管boringwithline钢绳冲唤钻进boudinage香肠构造bougueranomaly布格异常bouguergravityanomaly布格重力异常boundary边界boundaryconditions边界条件boundarylayer边界层boundaryline界线bourne间歇河boxfold箱状褶皱brachyfold短褶皱brachyanticline短背斜brachysyncline短向斜branch枝branchline支线branchvein支脉brightcoal光亮型煤broadleavedforest阔叶

14、林broadleavedtree阔叶树brownalgae褐藻类browncoal褐煤brownmud褐泥bryophyta苔藓植物bryophytes苔藓植物bryozoa苔藓动物类bulkflotation全浮选bulksampling大块取样burgy煤粉burialmetamorphism埋藏变质buriedkarst埋藏型岩溶butte孤山cablebelt缆摔带运输机cakingability粘结度cakingcoal粘结煤cakingindex粘结指数cakingproperty粘结性calcalkaligranite钙碱花岗岩calcite方解石caledonianfoldin

15、g加里东褶皱caledonianorogeny加里东造山运动carat克拉carbargillite碳质页岩carboapatite碳酸磷灰石carbohydrate碳水化合物carbon碳carboncompound碳化合物carbonate碳酸盐carbonaterock碳酸盐岩carbonatesediments碳酸盐质沉积carbonatite碳酸盐岩carbonicperiod石炭纪carboniferous石炭纪的carboniferousperiod石炭纪cataclasite碎裂岩cataclastic碎裂的catastrophictheory灾变论catastrophism灾

16、变论category类categoryofreserves储量级别cavern岩洞cavernwater溶洞水cavernous洞穴状的caving塌落cavingline崩落线cavityfillingdeposit洞穴填充矿床cementbondlogging固井测井cementgrout水泥浆cementmortar水泥砂浆cementseal水泥封闭cementslurry水泥浆cementsubstance粘合质cementwaterfactor水灰比cementwaterratio水灰比cementation胶结cementationborehole水泥灌浆钻孔cementatio

17、nzone胶结带cementing水泥灌浆cementum水泥质cenozoic新生代cenozoicera新生代centralplain湖心平原centraltypevolcano中心式火山chainsilicates链硅酸盐chalk上白垩纪;白垩chamberofore矿袋chamberedvein囊状矿脉championvein巨矿脉changeintypeofgeosyncline地槽类型转化channelprecipitation河道沉淀chert燧石chronolithologicunit年代地层单位chronologicscale地质年代表chronology年代学circum

18、pacific环太平洋的circumpacificcalcalkalinepetrographicprovince环太平洋钙碱性岩石区civilengineering土木工程clarain亮煤clarite亮煤clarkenumber克拉克值clarodurite微亮暗煤clasolite碎屑岩cleat割理clinounconformity斜交不整合clinometer地质罗盘closedfault闭合断层closedfold闭合褶皱closedjoint闭式节理cluster群;串coal煤coalaccumulatingbasin聚煤盆地coalaccumulatingpalaeostr

19、ucture聚煤古构造coalanalysis煤分析coalashfusiontemperature煤灰熔点coalball煤层石球coalbasin煤盆地coalbearingformation含煤地层coalbearingproperty含煤性coalbearingratio含煤系数coalcarbonization煤之碳化coaldeposits煤矿床coaldiagenesis煤成岩酌coaldistrict煤产地coaldressing选煤coalfield煤田coalfieldgas煤田气coalforgasification气化用煤coalformingperiod聚煤期coal

20、formingprocess成煤酌coalgas煤气coalgeology煤炭地质学coalmeasures煤系coalmetamorphism煤变质酌coalmine煤矿coalminer煤矿工coalmining采煤coaloilmixture煤焦油混合物coalpetrology煤岩学coalpreservingstructure赋煤构造coalproperty煤质coalreserves煤储量coalseam煤层coalescingalluvialfan复合冲积扇coalification煤化酌coalificationjump煤化酌跃变coalman煤矿工coaly含煤的coarse

21、grainedtexture粗粒结构coarsesand粗砂coarsness粗粒度coastalplain海滨平原coastalsanddune海岸沙丘coastalterrace海岸阶地coastalvegetation海滨植被coastline海岸线coating覆盖层codeminier矿山法则codeofstratigraphicnomenclature地层命名法规coeffcientofvolumecompressibility体积压缩系数coefficient系数coefficientofcompressibility压缩系数coefficientofconsolidation固

22、结系数coefficientofdischarge量系数coefficientofelasticity弹性系数coefficientofexpansion膨胀系数coefficientoffriction摩擦系数coefficientofpermeability渗透系数coefficientofrelaxation松弛系数coefficientofrestitution抗冲系数coefficientofsafety安全系数coefficientofuniformity均匀系数coefficientofvariation变化系数coefficientofvariationofgrade品位变化系

23、数coefficientofviscosity粘滞系数coeruleite铜矿coke焦炭cokebutton焦渣coking焦化cokingcapacity结焦性cokingcoal炼焦煤cokingproperty结焦性cokingquality结焦性collapse崩落collapsebasin塌陷盆地collapsecaldera塌陷破火山口collapsedoline塌陷漏斗collapselake塌陷湖colony群体columnaroreshoot矿柱columnarsection地层柱状剖面图columnarstructure柱状构造compaction压缩compaction

24、fold致密褶皱compensate补偿compensatingmethod补偿法compensation补偿compensationdepth补偿深度compensationpoint补偿点compensationwater补偿水compensator补偿器complexfault复断层complexfold复褶皱complexrock复合岩concentratingmill选矿厂concentration浓度concentrationgradient浓度梯度concession开采权conditionofsimilarity相似条件conditionalequilibrium条件平衡con

25、ditionalinstability条件性不稳定性conduit火山口conformable整合的conformablecontact整合接触conjugatefaults共轭断层conjugatepoint共轭点conjugateshearplanes共轭剪切面conjugatestress共轭应力conjugatedjoint共轭节理contactmetamorphicdeposit接触变质矿床contactmetamorphiczone接触变质带contactmetamorphism接触变质contactmetasomatism接触交代contactmineral接触矿物contact

26、plane接触面contemporaneous同时的contemporaneousdeformationstructure同生变形构造contemporaneouserosion同时侵蚀contemporaneousfault同生断层contemporaneousheterotopicfacies同时异相content品位contentofgas瓦斯含量continentalfacies陆相continentalflyschformation陆相复理式建造continentalriver大陆河continentalsea内陆海continentalsediment陆相沉积continental

27、shelf陆棚continentalslope大陆坡coral珊瑚M-t八core岩心coreanalysis岩心分析corebit岩心钻头coreboringmethod取心钻探法corebreaker岩心提取器coredrill岩心钻coredrilling岩心钻进coreextractor岩心提取器coregrabber岩心爪 correlationofcoalseams煤层对比correlationofstrata地层对比correlationtable对比表craton稳定地块cratonization克拉通化酌cretaceousperiod白垩纪crozzlingcoal炼焦煤c

28、rudeoil原油crustofweathering风化壳crustalfault地壳断裂cryptodome潜圆丘cryptovolcanicstructure潜火山构造cryptozoiceons隐生宙crystal晶体cuticle角质层cuticular表皮的 debris岩屑debriscone冲积锥debrissoil岩屑土deepfocusearthquake深源地震deepfold基底褶曲deepkarstchannel深岩溶洞deepseadeposit深海沉积deepseadrilling大洋钻探deepseafloor深海底deepseatedweathering深层风化

29、deepseismicsoundingdss深地震测深deepweathering深层风化deepwelldrilling深孔钻进deepwellturbinepump深钻孔涡轮泵defile山谷deflation风蚀deformation应变deformationband变形带degasify脱瓦斯degass脱瓦斯degreeofhardness硬度delta三角洲deltadeposit三角洲沉积deltalake三角洲湖deltaiccoast三角洲海岸dendrochronology年轮年代学depositofsedimentaryorigin沉积成因矿床depositionfact

30、or沉积因子depositionrate沉积速度depositionalsurface沉积面depositionalsystem沉积体系desertdeposit沙漠沉积物desertlake沙漠湖developmentmachine掘进机developmentwell确定油田边界的井devonian泥盆纪devonianperiod泥盆纪dewater排水dewatering脱水dewateringpump排水泵diameterofbore钻孔直径diameterofparticles粒径diamondanvile金刚石测钻diamondbit金刚石钻头diamondboring金刚石钻进d

31、iamonddrilling金刚石钻进diamonddrillingbit金刚石钻头discordance不整合discordant不整一的discordantage不整合年龄discordantbatholith不整合岩基discordantbedding不整合层理discordantinjection不整合侵入discordantintrusive不整合侵入岩体dislocation断层dislocationbreccia断层角砾岩dislocationmetamorphism断错变质dome穹顶domemountain穹形山domeshapedfold穹状褶皱domeshapedvolc

32、ano穹状火山domestructure穹窿构造dormantvolcano休火山drillhole钻孔drillrig钻机drillrod钻杆drillsteel钻钢drillstem钻杆drillerslog钻井记录drillingbit钻头drillingderrick钻塔drillingexploration钻探drillingrig钻机drillingtechnique钻探技术drillingtemplate井口盘drillingunit钻井装置drillingwithdirectcirculationofmud泥浆正向循环钻进drillings钻孔碎屑dryanalysis干法分析

33、drygas干瓦斯durain暗煤dyas二迭系dyke岩脉dynamicgeology动力地质学dynamicgeomorphology动力地貌学 galery巷道gangue脉石ganguerock脉石岩granite花岗岩grit粗砂岩grout水泥浆guyot平顶海山 gap峡谷;间隙;海谷gapinthesuccessionofstrata地层间断gascoal气煤gasflamecoal长焰煤gasify煤气化enetictypeoforedeposit矿床成因类型genetictypesofcoal煤成因类型geoanticline地背斜geoarchaeology地质考古学ge

34、oastronomy宇宙地质学geobarometer地质压力计geobasin地盆geochemical地球化学的geochemicalanomaly地球化学异常geochemicalbalance地球化学均衡geochemicalbehavior地球化学性状geochemicalbehaviourofelements元素的地球化学性状geochronology地质年代学geochronometry地质年代测定法geodynamics地质力学geogeny地球成因学geographicallatitude地理纬度geographicallongitude地理经度geologicsetting

35、地质构造geologictime地质年代geologicalage地质时代geologicalbackground地质背景geologicalcompass地质罗盘geologicalconditions地质条件geologicalrecord地质编录geologicalreserves地质储量geologicalsection地质剖面geologicalsurvey地质勘查geotectonicmap大地构造图geotectonics大地构造学gneiss片麻岩gneissic片麻状的gradeofcoal煤级grancecoal光亮型煤handdrilling人工打钻headingmach

36、ine掘进机highmoor高位沼泽highvolatilebituminouscoala气煤highvolatilebituminouscoalb长焰煤highvolatilebituminouscoalc焰煤hillsidecreep滑坡hoist升起hoistingcable提升铜丝绳hoistingcrane升降起重机holeboring井孔钻进holedeviation钻眼偏斜holedrilling井孔钻进holemouth井口holesize钻孔直径holespacing炮眼间距holocene全新世horizontalangle水平角horizontalfault水平断层hor

37、izontalslip水平滑动horizontalstratum水平岩层horst地垒horstblockmountain地垒式断块山humate腐殖酸盐humicacid胡敏酸humiccoal腐殖煤humification腐殖化humin胡敏素huminite腐殖煤humosapropeliccoal腐殖腐泥煤humus腐殖质hydrogeochemicalprospecting水文地球化学勘探hydrostaticpressure静水压力hydrothermaldeposit热液矿床hypabyssal半深成的hypautochthonouscoal微异地生成煤hypsographicm

38、ap等高线地形图 iceage冰期icebarrier冰障icecap冰帽idiochromatic自色的igneous火成的igneousrock火成岩imbricate叠瓦状imbricatedfault叠瓦状断层imbricatedstructure叠瓦构造imbricatedtexture叠瓦状结构immediateroof直接顶immerse浸入impact冲击碰撞impactcrusher冲撞破碎机impermeability不渗透性impermeableseam不透水层imperviousbed不透水层impervioushorizon不透水层impregnate浸染impreg

39、natedstructure浸染状构造impregnation浸透impregnationdeposit浸染矿床impsonite焦性沥青incipientpeneplain初期准平原incipientpeneplane初期准平原inclination倾角inclinedbed倾斜层inclinedboring倾斜钻进inclineddrilling倾斜钻进inclinedfold歪斜褶皱inclinedplane倾斜面inclinedseam斜矿层inclinedshaft斜井inclinedslice倾斜分层incompetentbed弱岩层inducedfan抽风机inducedinfi

40、ltration诱导渗透industrialclassificationofcoal煤工业分类industrialgrade工业品位inferredreserves推算储量infrastructure下层构造infusorialearth硅藻土ingression海侵inherentash固有灰分initialdip原始倾斜initialform原始地形inland内地inlandbasin内陆盆地inlandlake内陆湖inlandsea内海inlet峡湾interbedded夹层的interbeddedstratum夹层interbedding互层intercalarystrata夹层i

41、ntercontinentalsea陆间海intercratonicbasin克拉通内盆地interglacial间冰期的interglacialepoch间冰期interiorbasin内陆盆地interlayer夹层intermediatehinterland中间地块intermediatemassif中间地块intermediaterock中性岩intermountbasin山间盆地interpolation内插法interregionalunconformity区域不整合intrusion侵入intrusiverock侵入岩invertedfold倒转褶皱invertedorder倒转

42、层位isobath等深线isohypse等高线isopach等厚线isopachmap等厚图isotopicagedetermination用同位素的时代测定isotopicanalysis同位素分析isotopicdating用同位素的时代测定 jackhammer凿岩锤jet煤精joint节理;关节jointset节理组jointsurface节理面jura侏罗纪jurassicperiod侏罗纪 kaolin高岭土kaolinite高岭石karst岩溶karstdenudationplane岩溶剥蚀面karstlandform岩溶地貌karstlandscape岩溶景观karstenit

43、e硬石膏katamorphism碎裂变质katazone深变质带kink弯曲kinkfold折带褶曲 lacuna地层缺失lacustrinedeposits湖沉积lacustrineformation湖积建造lacustrineterrace湖成阶地lagoon泻湖lagoondeposits泻湖沉积lagoonsediments泻湖沉积landfacies陆相landsubsidence地盘沉陷latitude纬度lava熔岩lavabed熔岩层lavacascade熔岩瀑布lavacolumn熔岩柱lavacone熔岩锥lavacrater熔岩火口lavadome熔岩穹丘lavafloo

44、d熔岩泛lavaflow熔岩流lavasheet熔岩席layerofshale夹层layeredgneiss层状片麻岩lleadleadmethod铅法年龄测定leadzincore铅锌矿leafbyleafinjection层层侵入legend图例lens扁豆状矿体lensoidorebody透镜状矿体leucocrate淡色岩leucocraticrock淡色岩levee天然堤level水准levelsurface水准面lignification褐煤化lignified褐煤化的lignite褐煤limb翼limboffold褶皱翼limestone石灰岩limestonecave灰岩洞li

45、nearfold线状褶皱linkedvein链状矿脉liptobiolith残植煤litbylitinjection层层贯入litparlitintrusion间层侵入lithofacies岩相lithofaciesmap岩相图lithogenesis岩石成因lithosphere岩石圈lithosphericfault岩圈断裂lithotype煤岩类型littoralterrace海滨阶地localunconformity局部不整合log钻孔柱状图;测井记录loginterpretation测井记录解释logging测井longflamecoal长焰煤lowvolatilebituminou

46、scoal低挥发分烟煤lowvolatilecoal低挥发分煤lumpcoal块煤maceral煤显微组分macrosporangium大孢子囊macrospore大孢子macrosporophyll大孢子叶macrostratigraphy宏观地层学macrostructure宏观结构magma岩浆magmaticrock岩浆岩magneticnorth磁北magnetite磁铁矿malachite孔雀石malacolite白透辉石mantle地幔mapinterlinking接图marginalsea边缘海marginaltrough边缘地槽marinedeposit海洋沉积marinee

47、rosion海蚀marl泥灰岩marlaceousface泥灰岩相marsh沼泽marshpeat湿地泥炭massif地块massive块状的massivecoal块煤mature成孰的maturestage壮年期maturevalley壮年谷maturity壮年期maximumbasinrelief最大盆地起伏meadow草地meagrecoal贫煤measuringreel卷尺measuringstick量尺measuringtape卷尺measuringtube量筒mechanicalweathering机械风化mediumgrainedsand中粒沙mediumgrainedtextu

48、re中粒结构mediumsand中砂mediumthicknessseam中厚层mediumvolatilebituminouscoal中度挥发烟煤megabreccia巨形角砾岩meridian子午线meridionalcirculation经向环流meridionalstructuralsystem经向构造体系mesocrate中色岩mesocratic中色的mesodialyte中性石mesogeosyncline陆间地槽metaripples不对称波痕metallogenicepoch成矿时代metallogenicfactors成矿因素metallogenicmap成矿图metall

49、ogenicprovince成矿区metallogeny矿床成因论metamorphic变质的metamorphicdeposit变质矿床metamorphicdiffusion变质扩散酌metamorphicevent变质事件metamorphicfacies变质相metamorphicgrade变质程度metamorphicmap变质图metamorphicreaction变质反应metamorphicrock变质岩metasomatism交代metasomatosis交代变质metasome交代矿物mica云母microspore小孢子microtectonics显微构造midocean

50、icridge洋中脊midoceanicridgebasalt中央海脊玄武岩mill选矿厂minerageneticprovince成矿区mineral矿物mineralassemblage矿物集合mineralassociation矿物组合mineralcomposition矿物成分mineraldeposit矿床mineraloccurrence矿点mineralresources矿石储量;矿产资源mineralizedzone矿化带minimumminingcontent最小可采品位minimumminingthickness最小可采厚度minimumminingwidth最小可采厚度m

51、inimumtemperature最低温度 minimumworkablegrade最低可采品位minimumworkablethickness最低可采厚度mining矿业;采矿mininglosses开采损失miningright采矿权miocene中新世moisturecontent水分含量moisturecontentofcoal煤水分monoclinal单钭的monoclinalfold单斜褶皱monoclinalmountain单面山morass沼泽mossbog藓类沼泽mountainrange山脉mountainridge山脊mountainsystem山系muscovite白云

52、母muscoviteschist白云母片岩 orogeniccycle造山旋回overfold倒转褶皱overlandflow表面径流overlandrunoff地表径流overlap超复overlyingstrata覆层overlyingstrataofcoalmeasures煤系盖层overthrust逆掩断层overthrustblock掩冲体overthrustmass掩冲体overthrustplane逆掩断层面overthrustsheet逆掩层overthrustingplate上冲板块overturn倒转overturnedanticline倒转背斜overturnedfold

53、倒转褶皱overturnedsuccessionofstrata倒转层序oxidationzone氧化带oxidationzoneofsulphidedeposits硫化物矿床氧化带oxygencontentofcoal煤中氧nappe推复体natrium钠naturalasphalt天然沥青naturalcoke天然焦炭neoiceage新冰期neogene新近纪neutralhumus中性腐殖质nickel镍nickelore镍矿nonbedded非成层的noncokingcoal非粘结性煤nonconformity不整合normalfault正断层normalfold正褶皱normalo

54、rder正常层序normalsuccession正常层序northlatitude北纬northpole北极obduction仰冲obductionplate仰冲板块obductionzone仰冲带obliquefault斜断层obliquefold斜卧褶皱obliquejoint斜节理offshore外滨offshorebar滨外洲oligocene渐新世onlap海侵超覆opencutmining露天采矿opencutoremine露天开采矿山openhearth平炉openpitmethod露天开采法ophiolite蛇绿岩ophioliteformation蛇绿岩建造ordovicia

55、n奥陶纪ore矿石orebed矿层oredeposit矿床oredilution矿石贫化oreformation矿石建造orepillar矿柱orereserve矿储藏量orogen造山地带orogenesis造山运动 pairedmetamorphicbelt双变质带paleogene古近纪paleogeographicalmap古地理图paleostructure古构造paleotectonic古构造的paleotypal古相的paleozoicera古生代paludal沼泽的paludification沼泽化paraclase断层裂缝paraconformity似整合parallelfa

56、ults平行断层parallelfolding平行褶皱parallelgrowth平行共生parallelunconformity假整合parallelvein平行脉parentrock母岩paydirt可采矿石payore可采矿石peat泥炭peatbog泥炭沼泽peatformation泥炭形成pegmatite伟晶岩pegmatitedeposit伟晶岩矿床pelagicdeposit深海沉积pelagicfacies远海相pelagicsediment远海沉积物pelite泥质岩pelitic泥质的peliticrock泥质岩peneplain准平原percussionrotarybo

57、ring冲积钻钻探percussiverotarydrilling冲积钻钻探periclinal穹状的periclinalstructure穹状构造peridot橄榄石peridotite橄榄岩period纪periostracum角质层permian二叠纪permianperiod二叠纪petrofacies岩相petrographicalformation岩层petrographicalprovince岩区petrography岩石学petroleum石油phreaticrise地下水上升phreaticzone潜水带phyllite千枚岩phyllitic千枚状的piedmont山麓pi

58、edmontalluvialplain山前冲积平原piedmontbenchland山麓阶地piedmontglacier山麓冰川piedmontplain山麓冲积平原pillowlava枕状熔岩pillowlike枕状的pillowstructure枕状构造pistacite绿帘石placerdeposit砂积矿床plain平原plainofaccumulation堆积平原plainofdenudation剥蚀平原plainofmarineerosion海蚀平原plantash植物灰plate板platecollision板块碰撞platekinematics板块运动学platemargin

59、板块边缘platemovement板块运动platetectonics板块构造plateau高原plateaubasalt高原玄武岩platform台地platformanteclise台背斜pluvialage洪积时期polder堤围泽地possibleore可能矿量possiblereserves可能储量postglacialage冰期后的时期postglacialperiod冰后期precambrian前寒武纪primarypeneplain始准平原primarysedimentarystructure原始沉积构造primevalforest原始森林primitive原始的probabl

60、ereserves可能储量processofcrustalmovement地壳运动过程 prognosticmap预测图proluvialfan洪积扇prospecthole勘探钻孔prospectopening勘探巷道prospectpit探井prospectshaft勘探立井prospecttunnel勘探平硐prospecting勘探prospectingbore勘探钻孔prospectingbydrilling钻进勘探prospectingpit勘探试坑prospectingwell探井provedore证实的矿量provedreservesa级储量proximateanalysiso