蒙大英语国家-英国概况扩展课件07 Education Policy

1、Education Policy ,Employment and Social WelfareLanguage StudyDetailed StudyExtention单击此处添加标题ContentsLanguage studyozone layer 臭氧层inductive reasoning 归纳推理penicillin 青霉素theory of evolution 进化论postgraduate 研究生segregate 使分离，分开academic 学术性的entitle 授权compulsory 强迫的，义务的school board 学校董事会literacy rate 受教育的比

2、率intellectual property知识产权law of motion 运动定律school grant system desirable 合乎需要的vacancy 空缺negotiation 谈判collective bargaining(劳资双方就工资等问题)谈判mediate 调停，斡旋bank account 银行存款safety net 安全网be obligated to help 有责任去帮助social security社会保障,社会保险handicaps 障碍vulnerable 易受攻击的priority 优先consequently 从而Education Pol

3、icyReason:Britain has limited natural resources and greatly depends upon well-educated professionals and a skilled workforce.Purpose : to develop the abilities of individuals for their own benefit and that of society as a whole.Education PolicyHaving high literacy rateThe second largest exporter of

4、intellectual property rightsMore than 70 citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science123AchievementEducation Policy.Inductive reasoning and experimentation.Laws of motion and gravitation.Develop the theory of evolution.Discovered penicillin,the first of the antibiotic medicines.Franc

5、is BaconSir Isaac NewtonCharles DarwinSir Alexander FlemingGreat scientists and economists.Providing for state-financed primary educationEstablished local education authorities(LEAs)Established free and compulsory secondary education Established a national curriculumIn 1870In 1902In 1944In 19

6、88Britains educated ActBritish educational system students academic abilitydifferent examinations for students at different ages Students performances decide what kind of schools and certificates they can get .purpose: to encourage competitions and improve the educational qualityThe religious educat

7、ion is to cultivate a moral sense . British schools the relationship between government and schools : the government doesnt directly control schools but make education policies and finance surport .schools1、schools financed by individuals governmentcounty schools voluntary schools financed by financ

8、ed by local government churches or voluntary organizations 2、selfgoverning schoolsfinanced directly by the central government 3、private schools (independent schools) financed by private individuals revenue comes from tuition and donation EmploymentEmploymentBritain has strict law with regard to empl

9、oyment.(It is illegal to employ children under the age of 16 for full time jobs.)General situation:with skills and manual laborprofessional knowledgeEmploymentgovernment: vocational training programsMSC-Manpower Services Commission employees employers composed of local authorities educational instit

10、utions EmploymentRelationship between worker and employerCooperate and divided:Trade unions collectiveEmployers organizations bargaining reach agreement fail to teach agreement The government will mediate EmploymentBlue-collar workersmanual/industrial laborslower educational levelwage-earnerswagesca

11、shonce a week($2,000)two-week holidayWhite-collar workersrely on their knowledge and special skillhigher educational levelsalary-earners or professionalssalarybank accountsonce a month(higher)four-week holidayEmploymentcommon point: five-workday week system(38-40 hours from Monday to Friday) invisib

12、le income in the form of social welfare EmploymentWhite-collar workerBlue-collar workerBlue-collar workerEmploymentWhite-collar workerSocial WelfareBritain is a welfare state with a form-cradle-to-grave social welfare system.Social Welfare program is to ensure basic necessities of life because of un

13、employment,old age,sickness,dependent children etc.The money or services are provided by government.(GDP,taxes,etc.)The most important ones:Social Welfare the National Health Service(国民健康服务） the social security program(社会保障) personal social services(个人社会服务) the National Servicefunds: 10% + 90% = 100

14、%employers and employees governmentSocial Welfarefree medical care for chidren under 16 completely people who are retired low-income families the social security programe : retirement pension low-income families unemployment benefits sickness benefits maternity benefits legal aid of crimes widows al

15、lowancesSocial Welfare personal social services old people and the disabled unintentionally homeless people pregnant women or people with dependent childrenSocial Welfare program is a way to tranfer a lot of taxes from the haves to the have-nots.Education policyEducation system in the UK varies in i

16、mportant respects between England,Wales,Scotland and the Northern IrelandLess than ten percent of the UK school age population attend independent schools Most primary and secondary schools in both the private and state sectors have compulsory school uniformsUnder the Labour goverments of the 1960s and 1970s secondary modern and grammar schools were combined to become comprehensive schools Employment and social Welfare UK government is increasing the amount of Chinese students recent year