7BUnit4有关词语和课文句子以及语法的讲解

1、7B Unit4词语和课文句子以及语法的讲解短语和句子1.The world is full of amazing things. 世界充满了令人惊奇的事情。amazing是指“（物）令人惊异的，使人惊愕不已的”；而amazed则是“（人）感到惊异的”，使用对象不同。如：Im amazed to see such an amazing picture. 我很惊异的看到这样一幅令人惊异的画。The news was amazing. 消息令人惊讶。be full of 表示“满的、充满的”。如：The bus is full of students. 这辆汽车载满了学生。His pocket i

2、s full uf money. 他的口袋里装满了钱。2. It takes about three days to travel from Earth to the moon by space ship.乘宇宙飞船从地球到月球需要三天的时间。句中take“花费”，表示“某人花了多少多长时间做某事”，常用句型“It takes sb+时间to do sth”。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式， sb用宾语形式。如：It takes me an hour to get to school on foot. 我步行到学校需一小时。如对该句型中的时间提问要用how long。以上一例

3、句为例：How long does it take you to get to school on foot?3. A man in the USA was 2.72 metres tall. 美国的那位男子2.72米高。表示长、宽、高、面积等，用基数词+单位词（meter，foot，kilogram等）+ 形容词（long，wide，high等）表示，或者用基数词+单位词 + in + 名词（length， width， height， weight等）表示。如：two meters long或 two meters in length 2米长three feet high或 three f

4、eet in height 3英尺高This box is 2 kilograms in weight 这个盒子有两千克重。The city wall is 12 meters wide and 20 meters high 这垛城墙是12米宽，20米高。4. Fish sleep with their eyes open. 鱼是睁着眼睛睡觉的。“with 名词（代词）形容词”这是一个“with复合宾语”结构在句中作伴随状语。如：He looked at his son with his mouth wide open. 他张大嘴巴看着他的儿子。The boy raised his head

5、with eyes full of wonder. 男孩抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。5. You cannot sneeze and keep your eyes open at the same time.你做不到在打喷嚏的同时睁着眼睛。keep your eyes open “让眼睛睁着”，keep 用作及物动词常用句型为“ keep+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语”，意为“使保持某种状态”，此结构可分为以下三种情况：(1) keep+ 宾语 + 形容词或副词。如：Please keep the door and window open. 请把门窗开着。(2) keep+ 宾语 + 介词短语。 如：

6、Please keep your books behind your back. 请把书放在背后。(3) Keep+ 宾语 +V-ing 形式。如：Dont keep the students working all day. 不要让学生整天学习。6. As usual, they sat under the big tree. 向往常一样，他们坐在大树下。as usual “向往常一样”作副词用，其意为as is (was ) usual 和往常一般。usual 是形容词，不可用usually. 如：He is late for class again as usual. 他像平常一样上课又

7、迟到了。As usual the girl won first prize in the contest. 那个女孩在比赛中仍然获胜。 They arrived earlier than usual. 他们比平时来得早。7. They were still frightened. 他们仍然感到害怕。be/feel frightened “感到恐惧害怕”，frightened意为“受惊的”或“害怕的”，一般用于指人，在句中作定语或表语，后面可接of短语、不定式或that从句。 如：The frightened tiger ran away from the fire. 受惊的老虎从火边跑开了。

8、His daughter was frightened of the examinations. 他的女儿害怕考试。She was frightened to ride a bike. 她不敢骑自行车。The girl was frightened that her brother wouldnt come back. 女孩害怕哥哥不回来。 frightening意为“令人恐惧的”、“令人恐怖的”或“令人害怕的”，一般用于指事物，在句中作定语或表语。如： I dont think the lightning is frightening. 我认为闪电并不可怕。The tiger is a fr

9、ightening animal. 老虎是令人害怕的动物。8. They turned around and could not see anything unusual. 他们转过头去没有发现不寻常的东西anything unusual表“不寻常的东西”， unusual是形容词，修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。如：Would you like something hot to drink？ 你想喝一些热的东西吗？We will give him everything necessary. 我们将为他提供一切必要的东

10、西。9. They listened carefully and heard the strange noise again. 他们仔细地听又听见了那奇怪的响声。listen意为“听”，表动作，强调过程，可用于进行时态。hear意为“听到，听见”，指声音自然而然地进入耳中，强调结果，不可用进行时态。如：I listened carefully, but I heard nothing. 我仔细的听可没听见什么。 10. what happened? 怎么了？happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，多指发生意外事故，不幸的事。happen to常有两种用法：happen to

11、sb. /sth. 如：What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) 你怎么了？The accident happened to him this afternoon. 今天下午他出了事。happen to do sth. 表“碰巧做某事”，如： I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时我碰巧出去了。He happened to meet his uncle when he was in the park. 他在公园碰巧遇到了他的叔叔。happen一般用来强调某事发生的偶然性，如要表示事先安排或有准

12、备的事件，则用 take place。另外happen 和 take place都不能用于被动语态。如：Great changes have taken place in our country in the past ten years. 十年中我国发生了巨大变化。(不用happen) The sports meeting took place(=was held)in our school last week. 上周我校举行了一次运动会。(不用 happen) 11. He searched carefully. 他仔细的搜查。search carefully 表“仔细的搜查”，searc

13、h 通常指对某处、某地进行搜查或搜索；后接人时为“搜身”。常接for构成短语search for，作“寻找；搜寻”解，如找资料，找工作等。它强调寻找的行为，不着重结果。如：The police searched him but found nothing on him. 警方搜了他的身，但什么也没找到。They are searching for the missing child. 他们在寻找失踪的孩子。look for 强调找的过程。如：He is looking for his dictionary here and there. 他在到处找那本词典。12. People in the

14、center would take care of it. 动物中心的人们会照看它。take care of 表“照顾，照看”与look after同义。如：She stayed at home to take care of her baby. 她留在家里照看小孩。Take care of your health. 注意你的健康。13. They were not afraid any more. 他们再也不害怕了。not any more与no more两个都是“不再”，主要用来表示数量和程度，一般常修饰短暂性动词，指某动作不再重复发生。这两个短语常可通用，但应注意它们在句中的位置变化。

15、如：The baby no more cried. ( = The baby didnt cry any more.) 这个小孩不再哭了。值得注意的是：表示某个动作和状态因为某种因素而突然不再延续时，应用no longer 或not any longer，它一般修饰延续性动词。如：You are no longer a child. (= You arent a child any longer.) 你已不再是个孩子了。 He no longer lives here. (= He doesnt live here any longer.) 他不再住这里了。14. Simon is crazy

16、 about football. 西蒙对足球很狂热。be crazy about sth /doing sth 着迷某物/做某事 如：He is crazy about skiing. 他醉心于滑雪。The student is crazy about physics. 那个学生对物理着迷15.Sandy is fond of music. 桑迪喜欢音乐。be fond of sth / doing sth 喜欢某物/做某事，fond 表示“喜欢”时，只能作表语，用在系动词be之后，也可用在连系动词become ,get 等之后。构成短语 be /get/ become fond of，其后接

17、名词、代词、动名词作宾语。 如：She is fond of music. 她喜欢音乐。They are fond of playing football after class. 课后，他们喜欢踢足球。16. Wake up, Eddie! 埃迪，醒醒。wake up意为“醒，醒来”。如：I usually wake up at six in the morning. 我通常早上6点醒来。wake up的另一意思为“唤醒”，其结构为wake up sb. 或wake sb. up（唤醒某人）。如：Please wake me up at 5:30 tomorrow morning. 请明天早

18、上5点半叫醒我。 17. Some dinosaurs weigh over 100.000 kilograms.一些恐龙重达100.000千克。weigh用作动词，意为“称重，估量”。 如：Please weigh the apples for me. 请为我称一下苹果。He weighed the stone in his hands. 他用手估算一下这块石头的重量。weigh的名词形式是weight，与weight构成的词组有：lose weight 减肥；over weight过重，超重；under weight重量不足，缺斤短两；by weight 以重量计算等。18. It says that goldfish can only remember things for three seconds.据说金鱼只能记住东西三秒钟