您需要多少人来支持SAP项目策划的实施

1、15/16附件三：您需要多少人来支持SAP项目？众所周知，实施R/3费用专门高，然而长期支持费用有多少？请用下文中Gartner的rules of thumb 来算一下，假如采纳SAP系统你需要多少人来支持？与您原来估算的差距有多大？同高昂的长期支持费用相比，初期实施费用全然算不了什么！原文： Managing Enterprise Applications: From Packages To Productivity , GartnerGroup Europe Symposium proceedings, Cannes, France, November 2-5, 1998, Fred Ma

2、gee主题：企业治理软件运用：从软件包到生产力的转化Gartner 集团欧洲区会议记录。地点：法国戛纳 时刻：1998年11月2号到5号。To develop a rough estimate for the size of an ERP implementation staff, usefive person months per concurrent user and normalize based on estimatedproject length.基于标准的项目实施周期和每并发用户需五人月来粗略可能ERP实施的所需人工规模。 SAP Implementation Staff % By

3、 RoleRoles Avg % Range %ESP Avg %When UsedTraining-Methodology31-1220Technical Architecture71-2747Gap Analysis30-1428Module Configuration6140-8224Interfaces70-3542Custom Extensions50-2138Data Conversion60-1841Testing/QA84-1922 任 务行业平均占总人天的比例%行业范围 的平均使用中培训-方法论31-1220技术体系71-2747差异分析30-1428总体设置6140-822

4、4接口70-3542客户化50-2138数据转换60-1841质量测试84-1922Total Staff Size Coarse Rule of Thumb : 5 Person-Months per Concurrent UserSource: Gartner Measurement Selected Benchmark DataNote : ESP = Enterprise Service Providers, eg Big Sixs and large SIs依“Rule of Thumb”规则粗略估算出人员规模：每并发用户所需五人月。资料来源：Gartner 集团的测量基准数据。备注

5、：ESP为企业服务提供商。例如国际六大咨询服务商。 There is no correct size for an ERP implementation team, there are simplytoo many variables involved. However, having said that some data is betterthan none. Using twelve selected Gartner Measurement SAP benchmarks, thevariability in staffing quickly becomes apparent. Core

6、implementation teamsizes ranged from 24 to 161 with implementation elapsed times ranging from10 to 48 months. No obvious meaningful correlation was present in the data, e.g. number of modules, number of instances, degree of customizationor number of interfaces. However, looking back at the implement

7、ation usingoperational concurrent users as a metric, a correlation was found. Acoarse rule of thumb is 5 person months per concurrent user. Estimationsof project duration and concurrent users would lead to an overall estimatefor staff size. A rough approximation for concurrent users would be 1:6name

8、d users.关于一个ERP系统实施团队的大小而言，没有标准答案，因为在实际情况中涉及太多不定因素。有人讲有数据总比没有的好。引用十二组Gartner公司的测量SAP实施基准数据为例，基中人员配备可变因素变得明显。依照SAP以往项目实施时刻的情况看，其核心实施队伍规模一般从24人到161人，实施时刻范围从10个月到48个月。在数据中没有反映明显意义的相关性，例如产品的模块数、方案实例数、客户化程度或接口等。然而，运用并发用户的测量标准来回忆项目的实施，就能够发觉它们的相关性。单凭此经验粗略估算，每并发用户需五人月，可能项目持续的时刻和并发用户有能够可能项目组的大小规模，一个粗略的近似数是：每

9、并发用户：命名用户=1：6For the 8 staff roles measured, the data indicates a wide range of usage,with configuration dominating share of staff. Approximately half the casesused ESP for certain roles and when they did the averages indicatedsignificant portions of work being outsourced. (.)Staffing sizes vary wid

10、ely by organization, but can be correlated to two keyparameters, concurrent users and the industry standard Unix metric例如以8个人员任务为基准，数据显示了一个专门大的以配置来操纵人员分配的使用范围，约近一半案例使用了ESP任务，当外包重要的工作部分时，他们使用所显视的平均数人员规模配置的变化受组织阻碍，但与并发用户和相关工业应用标准的两个关键参数有关联。SPECmark92 benchmark. 以SPECmark92为基准SAP Support Staff EFT Metr

11、ics SAP 支持人员，EFT标准Application Avg RangeProcess Owners191-57Super Users20-10Programmers82-22IS Support40-15Infrastructure AvgRangeOperations61-18Tech Services91-28Help Desk10-8Network10-3应 用平 均 数范 围操纵者191-57超级用户20-10程序员82-22技术支持40-15基础应用平 均 数范 围操作61-18技术服务91-28桌面关心10-8网络10-3Rules Of Thumb :- Applicat

12、ion Support EFT/100 Concurrent Users : Average = 8, Range = 4 - 18- Infrastructure Support EFT/1000 SPECmark92 : Average = 3.5, Range = 2 - 6单凭经验的规则：-应用软件支持EFT/100并发用户数。平均=8，范围=4 18- 基础软件支持EFT/1000 SPECmark92 平均=3.5，范围=2-5Application support covers staff that deal with user issues regardingapplicati

13、ons, e.g. minor enhancements, bug fixes, report writing andquestions regarding application functionality. Many companies draw from thesame pool of SAP-skilled resources for both implementation and support.应用软件支持工作人员能处理有关软件应用用户问题，例如：初级入门、错误修复。、报告的编写和应用软件功能问题的反映。许多公司从SAP熟练的经验中获得实施和支持方面的关心。Infrastructu

14、re staffing includes technical services personnel such as the Basissupport team, systems programmers, capacity planners and performanceexperts. Also included are operations staff such as console operators, jobschedulers and tape operators. We see no great difference in infrastructurestaffing between

15、 SAP implementations and other client/server environmentswhen we look at common metrics such as support headcount per unit ofcapacity.基础应用人员有技术服务人员，例如技术支持小组、系统程序员、生产量打算员、执行专家等。同时亦包括相关操作人员，例如操纵台操作员，工作日程打算员、数据备份员。当我们回忆其共同机制、标准如每容量单位的支持人员时，我们发觉在SAP实施和其他客户/服务环境之间的差不多应用人员并没太多的不同。Two rules of thumb emerge

16、 from the selected benchmark data. Total EFT forapplication support is correlated to concurrent users, similar to what wasdone earlier for implementation. Infrastructure support is better correlatedto server capacity since this measures infrastructure size. The relevantSPECint numbers are drawn from

17、 the Unix industry standard SPECmark92benchmark.单凭经验的两个规则出现于被选基准数据中，。EFT应用支持是与并发用户相关联，类似于早期为实施所做的东西。基础支持与服务器容量之间的关系更紧密，因为服务器容量能够测量支持队伍的规模。相关的SPECint 数据从工业生产标准基准数据中抽取。Variance in infrastructure costs among SAP users is over 3 to 1. (For thetwelve SAP installations, monthly costs per 1,000 dialog step

18、s : range from25 to 90 USD).在SAP的用户之间的差不多费用差异是SAP用户包含基础结构成本（对SAP十二安装产品，每一千个对话点每月的成本）。基础设施成本里的变化是31倍以上。SAP12每1,000对话的每月的成本：从2590 USD的范围。The hardware costs here include lease, maintenance and depreciation for allservers. Software includes SAP, DBMS and related software, with purchasecosts depreciated over three years. Staff costs are salaries and benefitsfor the infrastructure staff. Most SAP shops have mirrored their productiondatabase capac