八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and Present P3 Grammar课件

1、Unit 1GrammarPast and presentyetrecentlypastadv. 还，仍adv. 近来，最近adj. 过去的Words reviewTo learn to use the present perfect tenseTo learn to form the past participles of regular verbsTo learn to form the past participles of irregular verbsObjectivesPresent Perfect Tense语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课

2、文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Look at the following sentences.1. We havent got much tea or coffee, and we havent got any sugar or jam. (新概念1 L79)2. Ive already had my holiday this year. (新概念1 L83)3. Have your mechanics (机修工) finished yet? (新概念1 L87)4. He has always been a good neighbour. (新概

3、念1 L91) 5. I have just arrived in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel (青年旅社). (新概念1 L101)6. Have you finished already? (新概念1 L125)7. Eddie, have you seen my food? (P6) Yes, Ive just eaten it. What? Youve eaten my food? Why? 8. Youve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me! Youve changed

4、 too. You used to be so kind to me. (P6)9. Ive lived here since I was born. (P8)10. Have you ever moved house? (P8)11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. (P8)12. Has the town changed a lot over the years? (P8)13. Now, the government has turned part of the t

5、own centre into a new park. (P8)14. However, most of my old friends have moved away. (P9)Guessing Gameto test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuess1. We _ much tea or coffee, and we _ any sugar or jam. 2. I_ alre

6、ady _ my holiday this year. 3. _ your mechanics _ yet? 4. He _ always _ a good neighbour. 5. I _ just _ in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel. 6. _ you _ already? Fill in the blanks.havent gothavent gotvehadHavefinishedhasbeenhavearrivedHavefinished7. Eddie, _ you _ my food? Yes, I_ just _ it

7、. What? You_ my food? Why? 8. You_, Eddie. You used to share food with me! You_ too. You used to be so kind to me. 9. I_ here since I was born. 10. _ you ever _ house? haveseenveeatenve eatenve changedve changedve livedHavemoved11. , my wife and I moved two blocks away and we_ in this area since the

8、n. 12. _ the town _ a lot over the years? 13. Now, the government _ part of the town centre into a new park. 14. However, most of my old friends _ away. ve livedHaschangedhas turnedhave moved1. You work in Luoyang, dont you? Yes. I _ in this city for three years. A. work B. worked C. have worked D.

9、will work2. The book is very thin, but Jack thinks its the best book that he _. A. read B. has read C. will read D. reads3. Would you like to go and see Despicable Me 2 with me tonight? Id like to, but I _ it twice. A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之

10、前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.I have lived here since I was born.He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.现在完成时-用法We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the p

11、ast and has a connection with the present.Eddie has just eaten Hobos food.(Eddie ate the food, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.)I have lost my mobile phone.(I lost my mobile phone, and now I have no mobile phone to use.)We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has

12、 happened till now.I have already read this book many times.We can use these time expressions with the present perfect tense. already yet ever never just recently since for现在完成时-与already，yet，ever，never，just，recently连用1. already 已经，常用于肯定句中。 I have already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。2. yet 1) 已经，常用在疑问句

13、中。 Has Linda read the book yet? 琳达已看过这本书了吗? 2) 还，仍然，常用于否定句和疑问句。 He has not begun to work yet. 他还未开始工作。3. ever 曾经，主要用于疑问句 Have you ever wanted to travel around the world? 你曾经想要周游世界吗？4. never 从来没有，表示否定 He has never seen such a tall building. 他从未见过这么高的楼。 5. just 刚刚，常用于肯定句中 I havejust finished lunch. 我刚

14、吃过午饭。6. recently 不久前，最近 I havent seen them recently. 我近来没见过他们。 Have you used it recently? 你最近用过它么？since, for的用法详见下单元语法课件。现在完成时-构成1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型 主语（第一, 二人称单, 复数）+ have （第三人称复数） + have （第三人称单数） + has + 过去分词e.g.I have finished my homework.He has written six poems. They have seen that film. 2. 现在完成时的否定句

15、句型 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词 + e.g.I have not seen the movie yet.He hasnt come here yet.hasnt = has nothavent = have not3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句句型 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + Yes, 主语 + have / has.No, 主语 + have / has not.e.g.Have you finished the work?Yes, I have. / No, I havent.Has she arrived here?Yes, she h

16、as. / No, she hasnt.Regular verbsIrregular verbsBase formPast participleBase formPast participlevisitvisitedhithitrepairrepairedputputlivelivedmeetmetmovemovedmakemadetrytriedsellsoldstudystudiedgivegivenfitfittedwritewritten动词的过去分词planplannedthinkthought规则动词的过去分词的构成大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如： wo

17、rkworked listenlistened jumpjumped visitvisited2.在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如： closeclosed likeliked agreeagreed movemoved3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改 为i再加ed；例如： studystudied carrycarried trytried worryworried4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾 的辅音字母再加-ed；例如： stopstopped dropdropped 不规则动词的过去分词的构成有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如： putput hurthurt bec

18、omebecome runrun2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如： sitsat winwon holdheld3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如： lendlent spendspent sendsent还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。（课本第122-123页）4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如： keepkept sleepslept 5. 过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如： teachtaught buybought 6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如： saysaid paypaid7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如： givegiven ea

19、teatenSpeakingAn exampleM: _ you _ (see) any films recently, Sandy?S: No, I havent. What about you?M: I _ (see) one last Saturday. S: Whats it about?M: Its about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I _ (learn) more about Beijings past and present.S: Oh, I think I _ (hear) a

20、bout the film. Do you plan to see it again.M: Yes, Id like to.Haveseensawhave learnthave heard Lets practiseA: Have you ? B: Yes, I have. / No, I havent.A: Has he / she ? B: Yes, he / she has. No, he / she hasnt.brush your teethbrushed your teethA: Have you ? B: Yes, I have. / No, I havent. read the

21、 book read the bookA: Has she ?B: Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.have PizzaA: Have they ?B: Yes, they have. / No, they havent.had Pizza Making sentencesMr. Wu asks the students to completethe sentences below using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences.1. They _ (finish) their ho

22、mework already.2. John _ never _ (visit) China.3. Mr Li _ (repair) over ten bicycles since Monday.4. We _ (not see) each other for years.5. My parents _ (come) back yet.6. Our teacher _ (teach) us a lot about the history of China.have finishedhave not comehas taughthave not seenhas repairedhas visit

23、edPresent Perfect Tense - Mind mapTime for reflection _ you ever _ with a group? Yes, I have. A. Did, study B. Are, studying C. Were, studying D. Have, studied2. Lucy, _ you _ your ticket? Not yet. A. did; find B. have; found C. has; found D. do; findI. Multiple choice.3. My grandmother _ a lot of c

24、hanges in Tianjin since she came here. (2011天津) A. sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen4. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. (2011北京) A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write 5. Why wont you go to the movie with me, Gina? Because I _ it twice. (2011襄阳) A. see B. hav

25、e seen C. saw D. will see6. China develops so fast. Thats true. It _ a lot already. (2011安徽芜湖) A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed 7. Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ already. (2012河南) A. meet B. met C. will meet D. have met8. Since 2000, J

26、ingmen has become a new city. Everything _. (2013湖北荆州) A. is changed B. was changed C. had changedD. has changed 9. Julia isnt going to the cinema with us because she _ the film. (2013浙江湖州) A. sees B. saw C. will see D. has seen10. Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years. Wow, they are wonderf

27、ul. (2013湖南衡阳) A. kept B. have kept C. have bought1. I _ (have) dinner. I am full.2. We _ (read) this story.3. They _ (see) the movie.4. She _ (buy) some nice toys.5. Hurry up! Lunch _ already _ (begin).6. We _ (wash) our clothes. Theyre clean now.7. _ he ever _ (ride) a bike? have had have readhave seenhas bought have washedII. Fill in the blanks.Has riddenhasbegun1. Ive already had dinner. (否) I _ _ dinner _.2. He has