2022年公式化语法第六章Its…thatwho强调句及it的其他用法

1、第六章： It sthat/who 强调句及 it 的其他用法 强调句的形式比较简洁,无非就是将要强调的部分用 It s that/who 夹起来, 但是假如和其他的句式想结合就不那么简洁了； 这也是高考 青睐强调句的缘由所在； 第一节：基本结构 It s that/who 是英语中用语法手段对句中除谓语以外的某一成分 进行强调的一种方法； 它的形式比较简洁, 只要把要强调的部分夹在 It s that/who 中间,其他部分照抄跟在后面； 1. 强调主语； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was I that who me

2、t Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 2. 强调宾语； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday. 3. 强调地点状语； I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 4. 强调时间状语； I met Li

3、Ming at the railway station yesterday. It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 5. 强调各种从句； He went to the factory at once because he had a lot of work to do. It was because he had a lot of work to do that he went to the factory at one.缘由状语 6强调不定式； I often keep the windows wide ope

4、n to let the fresh air in. 第 1 页,共 16 页It is to let the fresh air in that I often keep the windows wide open. 其次节：应当留意的问题 用 It s that/who 结构对句子进行强调时应当留意一下几个问题： 1. 这种结构只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态；其他的时态很 少用这种句式进行强调； It has been four years I gave up smoking. A. that. B. since. 分析：遇到这种高考题,我们就毫不考虑的选 B. since. 2. 在

5、强调主语时, that 后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一 致；如： It is I who am a teacher. 3. 即使被强调的主语是复数, 主句中的谓语动词也用单数； 换句话说： 强调句中不行能显现 am, are, were；如： It is they who often help me with my lessons. 4. 强调句和 it 作形式主语的区分； 强调句中的 Its, that/who 在句中只是一种语法手段,没有任何意义, 假如去掉不会对句子的意思产生影响, 或不会影响句子的完整性； 但 是, it 作形式主语的结构假如去掉句子就不完整；由于 that

6、引导主语 从句时不能省略,而且 is/was 在句子中充当谓语（系动词） ； It is a good idea that we eat out. 分析：假如去掉 it is 和 that, We eat out said. 很明显时个不完整的句 子； 5. 强调时间状语的强调句和时间状语从句的区分； 时间状语从句中主句和从句都是完整的句子, it 指代时间,假如把其 中的 it, is/was 和 when 去掉,句子将不完整；而强调句就完整； It was 12:00 we went home. 第 2 页,共 16 页A. that B. when. 分析：假如去掉 it was 和横线

7、, We went home 12:00 ；很明显这是个 错误的句子,缺少介词 at. 真确的句子因该是： We went home at 12： 00. 6. 强调句和 as 引导的定语从句的区分； 这两种句型的区分比较简洁, 再赘述； 在定语从句一章有详细讲解,此处不 总之,区分强调句和其他句式最有效的方法是： 去掉 it, is/was, that/who 或横线后看句子是否完整； 假如完整确定是强调句, 不然为其他句式； 7. 强调句的反义问句； 强调句的反义问句比较简洁,只要将它看成 it is/was 的句子就可以 了； It is that , isnt it.It is not

8、 that , is it. It was that , wasnt it.It was not that , was it. 第三节：高考常见题型 1. 强调句的一般形式； 虽然这是最简洁的形式,但由于其在英语表达中占有很重要的位置, 因此在高考中常常显现； It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. 2022 全国 II 20 C. which D. when A. that B. how 分析：去掉 it was 和横线：Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith in New Zealand. 句子完整；所以

9、 A. that ； 2. 强调句的一般疑问句； 强调句虽然简洁,但是换成一般疑问句后同学往往无从下手； Was that I saw last night at the concert. 1997 上海卷 第 3 页,共 16 页A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself 分析： 方法仍是一样： 去掉句中的 it, was, that 再看句子是否完整； 如 果完整,就是强调句； 不完整在从其他的角度分析； I saw you last night at the center. 特殊完整；所以 A. it you ； 3. 强调句的特殊问句； 可

10、以说这是近年高考最受青睐的题型； 它的特点是使用广泛, 灵敏多 变,但有确定的难度,对于高考这类选拔型考试特殊适合；它可以以 单独的形式显现, 也可以与其他的从句形式相协作； 下面我们就来看 看这种结构； （ 2）单独的特殊疑问句； 格式：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词） + is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？ 如： When was it that you were born. Why. I have nothing to confess. 上海卷 you want me to say. 2022 A. What is it that B. What it

11、 is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 分析：这是典型的强调句特殊疑问句；依据句意 A. What is it that ； （ 2）充当名词性从句的强调句特殊问句； 由于这种句型在句子中做了名词性从句, 的特殊问句； 那么话句话说就是陈述语序 格式：被强调部分 （通常是疑问代词或疑问副词） + it is/ was + + that/ who + 其它部分； When asked to explain made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent. A. what it is th

12、at B. that what it is C. what is it that D. that what is it 分析：这道题是强调句用作宾语从句；依据题意 A. what it is that ； 第 4 页,共 16 页4. It is/was not A but B that rather 这是带有选择性的强调句；当然也可以显现其他的连词,如 than .有时也可以显现几种变形形式： a. It s A that not B. b. It s not A but B that c. It s A ratherthan B that d. It s A that rather tha

13、n B. It is not who is right but what is right is of importance. 2022 重庆卷 A. which B. it C. that D. this 分析：典型的选择式强调句；所以 C. that； 5. not until 的强调； 可以说这是高考中显现频率最高的强调句类型；这种强调句比较特 殊,在强调 not until 结构中由 until 短语（或从句） 表示的时间状 语时, 要用固定的强调句型： It iswas not until .that. 留意此时原句 的 not until 要变成 not until , that

14、从句中的谓语动词要用确定式； 如： a. My father didnt come home until 12 oclock last night. b. It was not until 12 oclock last night that my father came home. c. I didn t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her darkglasses. d. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a

15、famous film star. It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common. 2022 浙江卷 A. was until; when C. wasn t until; when B. was until; that D. wasn t until; that 分析：标准句型,所以 D. wasnt until; th；第四节： it 的其他用法 第 5 页,共 16 页1. it 可用作人称代词,指示代词,先行词及引导词等； （ 1）人称代词 it,是第三人称单数中性,代表前文

16、已提到过的一件 事物；如： a. That vase is valuable. It smore than 200 years old. b. I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可用 it 来表示； c. It s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl.it 可用来指代团体；如： d. The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. it 用以代替指示代词 this, that.如： e. - What s this

17、. - It s a pen. 2 指示代词 it ,常用以指人；如： a. Go and see who it is. b. - Who is making such a noise. - It must be the children. 3 虚义 it 无指代性, 常用作没有详细意义的主语, 显现于表示天气, 气候,温度,时间,地点,距离等意义的句子中；如： a. It is half past three now. b. It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. c. It was very cold; it snowed an

18、d grew dark. 4it 也常用来表示一般的笼统的情形；如： a. It s awful I ve got so much work I don t knrot.wwh糟er透e to sta 了 我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开头； b. How is it going with you. 你近况如何？ c. Take it easy. 不要紧急； d. I like it here. 我宠爱这个地方； e. It looks as if the college is very small. f. It seems as though our plan will be perfect.

19、 第 6 页,共 16 页g. It s my turn. 该轮到我了； 5 it 也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语,各该习惯用语有详细意义, 但 it 并无详细意义；如： cab it 乘车 catch it 受责,受罚 come it 尽自己分内 come it strong 做得过分 walk it 步行 make it 办成 take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 have it in sb. 某人有才能； 2. it 用作形式主语； it 充当形式主语,只起一种先行引导的作用,为了让句子平稳,真正 主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构, V-ing 分词结构或名词性从句；

20、a. It is difficult to translate this article. b. It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living. c. What time would it be most convenient for me to call again. 什么时候 我再给你打电话最合适？ d. It is no use going there so early. e. It has been a great honor your coming to visit me. f. It is strange

21、 that he did not come at all. g. It doesn t matter what you do. h. It seems that John is not coming after all. i. It happened that John was the only witness. 3. it 用作形式宾语 . It 作形式宾语时, 通常和以下动词连用： consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, pr ove, s

22、ee, show, suppose, understand, take 等； 它的一般结构为： V+it+adj/n+ 不定式 /V-ing/ 名词从句；当然有时可以 第 7 页,共 16 页插入其他的成分,如规律主语,间接宾语等等； a. I found it difficult to explain to him what happened. 我觉得向他解 释清发生了什么事很困难； b. He thought it no use going over the subject again. 他认为再争辩 这个问题没有用了； c. They kept it quiet that he was

23、dead. 他们对他的死保密； d. We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. 我们必需使公众明白应当实行措施禁止污染； 4. 一种特殊的 it 用法 , wouldappreciate/hate/like/prefer/help + it +when/if 从句； 我们先看看下面的句子： a. I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. b. I hate it when people cry. c. I like it w

24、hen you do that. d. I wouldprefer it if youdidnt tellanyone.e. I couldnt help it if the buswas late. 说它特殊, 也不是很特殊； 对于上面句子中的 it 有人认为是一种特殊 的形式宾语, 既然是形式宾语那么真正的宾语在哪里？本人觉得有点 欠妥；笔者认为 it 指代句中提到的一种情形； 分析： a. 假如付现金我特殊感谢； it 在这里指代付现金后显现的情形； b. 我厌恶人哭； it 在这里指代人哭泣是的情形； c. 我就宠爱你那样做； it 指代干那件事时的情形； d. 我期望你不要告知任何人

25、； it 指代不告知别人后的情形； e. 公共汽车晚点了,我也没方法； it 指代汽车晚点； 留意：这种结构中有时会显现虚拟,至于何时虚拟,要看说话人要表 达的意思； 说详细一点,假如显现 would 就要用虚拟； 第五节：实战演练 第 8 页,共 16 页1. It wasnt until nearly a month later I received the managers reply. 2022/ 全国 I/30 A. since B. when C. as D. that necessary to invite Professor Smith to 2. The chairman t

26、hought speak at the meeting. 2022/全国 I/35 A. that B. it C. this D. him 3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but didnt help. 2022/ 全国 III/13 A. it B. she C. which D. he matters. 4. It is what you do rather than what you say 2022/ 天津 /9 5. A. that B. what C. which D. thi

27、s in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 2022/ 上海 /38 A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 6. that he managed to get the information. Oh, a friend of his helped him. 2022/ 山东 /31 A. Where was it B. What was it C.

28、 How was it D. Why was it 7. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 2022/ 全国 /I/27 A. this B. that C. it D. one 8. Do you like here. Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. 2022/ 全国 /II/32 A. this B. these C. that D. it our hope that the two sides w

29、ill 9. The Foreign Minister said, “第 9 页,共 16 页work towards peace. ” 北 20京04/2/ A. This is B. There is 410. Why. I have nothing to confess. C. That is D. It is you want me to say. 2022/ 上海 /43 A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that 11. It was with great joy he rece

30、ived the news that his lost daughter had been found. 2022/福建 /35 A. because B. which C. since D. that 12. It was back home after the experiment. 2022/ 湖北 /24 A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go 13. T

31、he Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. NMET/2022/25 A. they B. it C. one D. which 14. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. NMET/Shanghai/2022/33 A. this B. that C. there D. it her uncle moved out of New York an

32、d 15. It was for this reason settled down in a small village. NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr/32 A. which B. why C. that D. how middle school. 16. He was nearly drowned once. When was . was in 1998 when he was in NMET/Beijing-Neimeng-Anhui/2022/spr/30 A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This the f

33、ootball match had to be put 17. It was because of bad weather off. NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr./30 第 10 页,共 16 页A. so B. so that C. why D. that can cause the symptoms of the 18. It is these poisonous products flu, such as headache and aching muscles. NMET/Shanghai/2022/36 A. who B. that C. how D. what of

34、 the local guide . 19. It was only with the help NMET/Shanghai/2022/spr./37 A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 20. There is a photo on the wall. the photo of Lei Feng. 1980/ 三

35、/8 A. It B. Its C. Its D. He is. 21. Does matter if he cant finish the job on time. MET/1991/14 A. this B. that C. he D. it 22. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didnt help. MET/1993/27 A. he 23. Is A. now 24. Is B. which C. she D. it possible to fly to the moon in a space

36、ship. MET/1988/28 B. man C. that D. it necessary to complete the design before National Day. MET/1989/29 A. this B. that C. it D. he her hair was turning grey. 25. It worried her a bit MET/1992/35 A. while B. that C. if D. for 26. I dont think possible to master a foreign language without much memor

37、y work. MET/1990/21 A. this B. that C. its D. it 第 11 页,共 16 页27. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. NMET/1995/37 A. There B. This C. That D. It I realized she 28. It was not she took off her dark glasses was a famous film star. MET/1992/30 A. when; that B. until;

38、 that C. until; when D. when; than 29. It was at the gate he told me the news. 1980/ 三 /20 A. that B. what C. which D. when 30. It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. NMET/1995/33 A. while B. which C. that D. since 31. Was it during the Second World War he died. MET/1988/32 A. that B.

39、 while C. in while D. then 32. It was in the bookstore I met your brother the other day. NMET/ 上海 /1990/32 A. where 33. Was B. that C. in which D. in that that I saw last night at the concert. NMET/ 上海 /1995/13 A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself the clock with a face and an hour 34. It was

40、 about 600 years ago hand was made. NMET/1997/25 A. that B. until C. before D. when 35. Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now. . NMET/ 上海 /1996/28 with their mouths full. A. I didnt know he was B. Yes, it was C. No, he wasnt D. Yes, he did 36. I hate when people talk NMET/1998/8 A. it B. that C

41、. these D. them 第 12 页,共 16 页37. It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty. NMET/1998/22 A. until B. that C. then D. so 38. was in 1979 I graduated from the University. NMET/ 上海 /1998/4 A. That.that 39. Dont B. It.that C. That.when D. It.when that all those who

42、get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be more successful. NMET/ 上海 /1998/23 A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 40. It was he said disappointed me. NMET/ 上海 /1999/5 A. what.that B. that.that C. what.what D. that.what 41. It

43、was not until she got home Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. 2022/ 全国 II/9 A. when B. that C. where D. before he realized it was not so 42. It was after he got what he had desired important. 2022/ 辽宁 /35 A. that B. when C. since D. as 43. I just wonder that makes him so excited. 2022/ 山东 /32

44、A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 44. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to astronger, more prosperous economy. 2022/ 浙江 /4 A. As B. That C. This D. It her duty to look after 45. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made all the other peoples affairs in t

45、hat town. 2022/ 湖南 /26 A. this B. that C. one D. it 46. If I can help , I dont like working late into the night. 2022/ 全国 I/26 A. so B. that C. it D. them 第 13 页,共 16 页47. Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed to A. it; her and then posted it at the nearby post office.

46、 2022/ 安徽 /34 B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself 48. Id appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. 2022/ 山东 /24 A. that B. it C. this D. you 49. It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. （ 2022 天津卷） A. how B. which C. that D. wh

47、ere 50. It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （ 2022 重庆 卷） A .that B. when C. while D. as 答案与分析： 1. not until 强调句,所以 D. that 2. it 作形式宾语,所以 B. it ； 3. it 指代上文 take a holiday, 所以 A. it ； 4. 带有选择性的强调句,所以 A. that ； 5. it 作形式主语,所以 C. It is required ； 6. 强调句的特殊问句,依据句意 C. How was it ； 7. I like/appreciate/prefer it