宁夏银川市银川一中2022-2023学年高考英语五模试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Why did you come by taxi?My car broke down last week and I still it re

2、paired.Adidnt haveBhadnt hadChavent hadDwont have2Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.Ato keepBkeepingChaving keptDto have kept3Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _ to its original appearance.Arestored BdeliveredCtransferred Ddraft

3、ed4Jack should have calmed down at the party!But the kids made so much noise that he couldnt help but _.Aface the music Beat like a birdCmend his ways Dfly off the handle5We believe _ you have been devoted to _ naturally of great necessity.Athat; beingBall that; beCthat all; areDwhat; is6_ those pas

4、t years, we couldnt help feeling sorry for our parents who never had a rest all the year round.ALooking back uponBLooking aroundCLooking outDLooking up7There wont be anywhere to park.Oh, _. Lets try the subway.Athats a real bargain Bthats a good pointCthats really something Dthats all settled8The go

5、vernment should develop system to predict when wildfires occur andgive warnings in time.ApreviousBreliableCreasonableDresponsible9I dont think Rosemary will be upset about it, but Ill go to see her in case she _.AisBwill beCdoesDneed10Since it was getting late, we decided to find a small inn to _ fo

6、r the night.Aput offBput outCput away .Dput up11Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies.AchasedBregisteredCofferedDcompromised12 I usually go there by train.Why not _ by ship for a change?Ato try goingBtrying to goCto try and goDtry going13Linda realized she was in the wrong and pro

7、mised to _ a new leaf.Atake over Bturn over Cget over Dgo over14 Im afraid the company will not hire me. Come on, Bill, relax! You have a lot of experience and fine references and your college work is ideal background for them. _ AItll be no sweat. BAll good things come to an end. CWords pay no debt

8、s. DDont give me any jaw. 15-Tom, your foreign teacher speaks Chinese fluently!-Oh, she has lived in China for six years; otherwise she such good Chinese.Adidnt speakBwould not have spokenCwould not speakDhadnt spoken16Did you enjoy the party?Yes. We _ well by our hosts.Awere treatedBwould be treate

9、dCtreatedDhad treated17Mum，look at my shoesI need a new pair_I bought them for you only a week ago!AYou bet BYou said itCYou dont say DYou name it18_ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on timeATo faceBFacedCFaceDfacing19 How about _ plan to open a branch? I should say it was _ fail

10、ure.Aa; aBa; /Cthe; /Dthe; a20The Japanese people keep up cheerful spirits _ the world that they can get over the crisis caused by the terrible tsunami（海啸）.Abeing convincedBconvincedCto convinceDhaving convinced第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Making employees feel happy and h

11、ealthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isnt always an easy thing. A study suggests that only 33% of the U. S. employees consider themselves fully engaged （投身于）in work, while 16% are greatly disengaged, and 51% are just showing up.But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engag

12、ement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest U. S. companies are at the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees are at the highest. And in one recent report, 75% of small business workers surveyed sa

13、id they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee.Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know t

14、heir staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work.But of course ? there are many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling (弹性工时). Ano

15、ther is being able to really see the fruits of ones labor. Besides, non-cash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employees interests and lifestyles.While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may

16、be impossible for a five-person team to be reduced to four for six months,” writes Camillia Velasquez, head of HR management platform, Justworks. “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a work-from-home environment. ” This kind of method has been realized in some s

17、mall companies.1、What can we know about employees in big and small companies?AEmployees can develop better in small companies.BEmployees can earn more money in small companies.CEmployees in big companies are hard to be satisfied.DEmployees in small companies are more engaged in work.2、What can we le

18、arn from Paragraph 3?AWorking for small companies has many benefits.BAll the employers in small companies know every staff member very well.CStaff in small companies may face many challenges.DStaff in big companies have more material benefits.3、Compared with big companies, what is the advantage of s

19、mall companies?AEmployers in small companies have more choices.BSmall companies have more attractions to employees.CEmployees of small companies may have higher salaries.DEmployees of small companies have fixed working time.4、What can be most probably inferred from the passage?ASmall companies may h

20、ave more employees with much happiness.BBig companies should learn from some small companies.CEmployees should have their own hobbies and lifestyles.DEmployers should pay more attention to the staffs needs.22（8分）Two new studies suggest that modem running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to

21、runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot.Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the U

22、niversity of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.The stud

23、y appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of

24、Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the

25、study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.Harvards Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels.

26、 The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes som

27、e training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many

28、problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.1、What can we learn from the passage?AThe way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.BWe should start running barefoot in no t

29、ime.CRunning in modem running shoes could have more serious effects than running in high heels.DWe wont be injured if we run barefoot.2、How many organizations are involved in the two studies?AThree. BFour.CFive. DSix.3、How did the researchers do the two studies?ABy practising. BBy comparing.CBy ques

30、tioning. DBy reasoning.4、What is the main idea of the passage?AWalking in high heels could have fewer serious effects than running barefoot.BTwo new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.CRunning in shoes is partly good to runners.DTwo new studies prove running without shoes is beneficia

31、l to runners in most cases.23（8分）The minute Joe Serna walked into the Veterans Treatment Court, he could feel his shoulders tense up. He had come to turn himself in (自首).Six months earlier, Serna had been arrested for driving after drinking and was required to report to Judge Lou Oliveras court ever

32、y two weeks to take a test and prove he hadnt been drinking. Serna had passed every biweekly screeninguntil the week before. Positive. He decided to try to bluff his way out of trouble. “I never had a drink, Judge,” he told the court.Both Joe Serna and Judge Olivera were old soldiers, and Olivera ha

33、d come to know and admire Serna as he participated in the courts program to help old soldiers with drinking and addiction problems. And that was what had brought Serna back to Oliveras court a week after his lie. “This guy is a fellow soldier,” he told himself. “I need to make this right.” So Serna

34、stood before Olivera and admitted, “I lied, Judge. I was drinking.”After countless combats and the memories of many “best buddies” losing their lives, 39-year-old Joe Serna left the army in 2013 with 18 years of service. But in truth, the terrible memories had never left him and would reappear in ni

35、ghtmares. And thats the reason for his drinking. To this day, being stuck in a closed space can cause flashbacks (突然重现) for Serna.On the day when Serna admitted he had lied about drinking, the judge was moved and decided on the punishment: one night in jail.The next night, Joe Serna was in a small c

36、ell and felt he would soon be flashing back to a terrible war. Then the door opened, and Judge Olivera came in. Serna was confused. But a few minutes later, he understood the judge had decided to spend the night with him. The two talked for hours about their service, their families, and their hopes

37、for the future. At around one in the morning, Serna fell asleep. “He will be OK now,” the judge said to himself as he rolled up his shirt into a makeshift pillow.1、Which can best replace the underlined words in the second paragraph?Aexplain without being disturbed Bget away with his wrong-doingCgive

38、 the court a little trouble Dgive up drinking in future2、What made Serna decide to turn himself in?AHis sickness in his shoulders. BHis admiration for Olivera.COlivera s help and identity. DThe advice of Sernas family.3、What can we know about Joe Sema?AHe didnt admit his fault and thus got punished.

39、BHe lost his life direction and got himself drunk often.CHe had planned to talk more with Olivera in the cell.DHe joined the army when he was 21 years old.4、What would be the best title for the text?AAn Army of Two BA Considerate JudgeCTwo Soldiers War Experience DHonesty Is the Best Policy24（8分）The

40、re are many different voices on charity donations recently. Chen TianQiao, one of the Chinese billionaires, gave away $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help promote brain research. Chen has been interested in the brain research, believing it can advance the industri

41、es of artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussion among Chinese scholars and internet users.Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are cat

42、ching up with the US in just a few years. RaoYi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake.Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared with Chinese research Institutes. Caltech has a long history and has taken a

43、leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. Whats more, the results of the research will benefit not only the Americans, but also the rest of the world.A similar controversial（有争议的）case started two years ago when Pan ShiYi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 milli

44、on to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese Students.Many believe that China is still far behind in management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, ha

45、ve well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection rather than envy.1、Why did Chens huge donations draw peop

46、les attention?AIt was used for brain research rather than for the poor.BIt was not used efficiently.CIt was the largest donation.DIt should have been donated to a Chinese college.2、Which of the followings can best replace the underlined word “domestic” in the second paragraph?Ahome. Bfamily.Chouseho

47、ld. Dhomepage3、The example of Pan Shi Yi was used to _.Ainform some Chinese students are poor at educationBshow off the generosity of Chinese billionairesCpresent the widespread disagreement over donating abroadDprove the Chinese are crazy about donations4、What is the main advice does the author giv

48、e to the Chinese universities?ADeveloping artificial intelligence.BEducating the braver and more honest graduates.CDeveloping fast to catch up with the US.DDeveloping systems to use the donations efficiently.25（10分） Hacking isnt just for computers and smart phones. According to a study, scientists h

49、ave found a way to hack a plants genes in order to make it use sunlight more quickly. Someday, the results could increase the number of food produced around the world.Scientists used tobacco plants in the study because it is easy to change the plants genes. Hacked plants are larger than normal plant

50、s.Photosynthesis is the word used to describe how plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Scientists say this is a very slow process. Plants use less than 1 percent of the energy. But by hacking a plants genes, the scientists were able to increase the amount of leaf gro

51、wth on plants between 14 and 20 percent. Scientists hacked the plants protective system. Normally, this system starts when a plant gets too much sunlight. When the plant senses the light, it creates more leaves. When the plant is in shade, the protective system is turned off. But the process is slow

52、.The new study sped up the process by changing the plants genes, the protective system turned on and off more quickly than normal. As a result, leaf growth on the plants scientists used in the study increased. Leaf growth on two plants increased by 20 percent, while leaf growth on a third plant incr

53、eased by 14 percent. Scientists conducted the study on tobacco plants. But they think the genetic changes would produce the same results in corn and rice.Agriculture professor Tala Awanda said the study makes sense, but cautioned the yield（产量）might not be quite so high for conventional food crops. S

54、till, she added in an email, “this study remains a breakthrough,”1、Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1 ?AWe can find hacking only in digital devices.BA plants genes can be changed by hacking.CHacking has been used in improving food production.DHacking can be used to change whatev

55、er you want.2、Why did scientists choose tobacco plants to study?ABecause they are very easy to get.BBecause their genes are easy to change.CBecause they are larger than other plants.DBecause they can absorb sunlight quickly.3、What do we know about photosynthesis?AIt helps plants to produce energy.BI

56、t is regarded as a productive system for plants.CIt can increase leaf growth on plants by 14 percent.DIt is made up of sunlight，water and carbon dioxide.4、We can learn from Paragraph 4 that changing the plants genes proved _.AuselessBdeadlyCeffectiveDunrealistic5、What is Tala Awandas attitude toward

57、 the study?ADoubtful.BNeutral.CObjective.DCritical.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） It was a cold winters afternoon. Robert stopped for a moment as he crossed the bridge and looked down at the river below. There were hardly any 1 on the river. Near

58、 the bridge, 2 , almost directly below, there was a small canoe, with a boy in it. He was not wearing many clothes, Robert 3 . He had a tremble and walked on. 4 he heard a cry. “Help! Help!” The cry came from the river. Robert looked 5 . The boy was in the water and his canoe was 6 away. “Help! Help

59、!” he called again.Robert was a good swimmer. Taking off his clothes, he 7 into the river. The freezing water made him shiver all over, 8 in a few seconds he reached the boy. 9 the boy with him, he started to swim towards the 10 . But at that moment he noticed a large motor boat under the bridge. Th

60、ere were several people on the boat, all 11 in his direction. Robert decided to swim towards the boat.“Give me a hand,” he shouted 12 he got near the boat. He 13 up into a row of faces. “Its 14 ,” he thought. “They look so 15 .” Silently they helped the boy into the boat and 16 him in a blanket. But