现在完成时态

1、-Zheng yong 现在完成时态The Present Perfect Tense1一.现在完成时的定义 现在完成时通常是指过去某一动作对现在的影响或过去某一动作持续到现在（可能要继续下去）I have bought a new English dictionary.Have you ever been to Mount Huang?His uncle has lived in Beijing for more than twenty years. 2二.现在完成时的构成 1.助动词 have / has + 过去分词 I have spent half an hour writing t

2、he article.Have you ever read a book by Lu Xun?Where have you been ?2. 过去分词的构成:A.规则变化 clean stay carry plan close openCleanedCaariedclosedStayedPlannedopened3 B.不规则动词的过去分词 am/is begin write draw do spend grow seewasbeganwrotedrewdidspentgrewsawbeenbegunwrittendrawndonespentgrownseen4 三.现在完成时的基本句型 我学

3、了5年英语了。肯定句： I have learned English for 5 years.否定句： I have not learnt English for 5 years.一般疑问句： Have you learned English for 5 years.回答： Yes, I have. / No, I havent.特殊疑问句： How long have you learnt English?5 四.现在完成时的基本用法 a. 现在完成时可表示过去发生的动作对现在所产生的影响，后面通常不用时间状语，但句中常 just ,already,yet,ever,never,before

4、, so far,in recent years,in the past few years等副词。 我刚刚读完这本小说。 Ive just finished reading the novel.你看过医生了吗？ Have you seen the doctor yet?我从没去过北京。 Ive never been to Beijing. 他以前读过这本书。 He has read this book before.6b. 现在完成时也可表示从过去某时开始的动作，状态一直持续到现在，常和for, since引导的时间状语连用。 我等了你一个半小时了。I have waited for you

5、 for one and a half hours. 他出生以来就住在北京。 He lived in Beijing since he was born.他病了多久了？How long has he been ill?7 五.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 (1)两者都可表示过去发生过的动作，但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响，而后者则是表示过去动作的事实。-Have you ever been to Beijing?-Yes, I went to Beijing 3 years ago.(2)两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作，现在完成时含义为该动作仍在继续，而一般过去时则说明该动作

6、现已终止。 He has lived in Beijing for four years. He lived in Beijing for four years. 8 六.点动词与延续性动词的区别 所谓点动词是指含有终止或短暂意义的动词。如：begin, end, die, buy, borrow, come, arrive, join, marry等动词。它们通常不与表示一段时间的状语连用。 我买了一本书。I have bought a book. 这本书我已经买了三星期了。 Ive had this book for three weeks.我叔叔两天前来的。他已经来了两天了。My unc

7、le came here 2 days ago. He has been here for 2 days. 会议两点钟开始的。已经开始半个小时了。The meeting began at 2 oclock. It has been on for half an hour.9Choose the best answer1. His granny _ three months ago. She _for three months. A. died,died B. has died,has been dead C. died, has been dead2. -where _ Miss Li _? Id like to ask her some questions? - She _ to attend a meeting.She_ back until 5 oclock this afternoon. A. hasbeen,has been,will be B. hasgone,has gone,wont be C. hasgone,has gone, didnt go 3. -How long _ you _ the book ? -I _ the book for two week. I m