2023版高三英语主题语境复习方案新教案：第1部分 主题群2 子主题5　创新与创业意识

1、 子主题(五)创新与创业意识阅读理解A(2020天津5月卷B)One of the most stressful days of Susan McFredericks life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011.But after the operation，Susan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn sons back was a sweet winte

2、r scene，handdrawn on his bandages(绷带)“There were rolling hills of snow，a pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom，” she recalled.“It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family.It was a moment Ill never forget.”Susan soon learned the ar

3、tist was her sons surgeon，Robert Parry，who discovered another way to use his hands in the mid1980s during his internship (实习期) at a childrens medical center，where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate childrens bandages.“My first reaction was，What is he doing？Hey，th

4、ats kind of neat，” Parry recalled.“I especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork. The smiles took everyones attention from the surgery. Then I decided to follow suit.”Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharks，and started to surprise familie

5、s with drawings that captured young patients personalities. From Snoopy to SpiderMan and bears to butterflies，there isnt much he hasnt drawn. Most kids want superheroes，sports team logos or princesses，while babies often receive scenes with flowers，trees and sea creatures. During the last 30 years，Pa

6、rry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches (伤口缝线) of more than 10，000 children.“During a time of stress for families，its nice to be able to help them smile and laugh，” Parry said.“This is something positive that I can do for them，which is what I like most about it.”For Par

7、ry，the reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference in a childs life, and except for his drawings on bandages，“they can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it，” he said.Hes not ready to retire，but hes found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come.“Ive taken up

8、knitting (编织)，” Parry said.“Hats，sweaters，glovesI enjoy it all.But mostly，I enjoy giving everything away.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了医生Robert Parry在手术后帮助病人缓解压力的独特方法在绷带上画画。1Susan burst into tears after her babys operation because she was _AmovedBamusedCstressedDheartbrokenA推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But after the operat

9、ion，Susan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn sons back was a sweet winter scene，handdrawn on his bandages(绷带)”以及第三段中的“It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family.”可推知，Susan突然大哭起来的原因是有人肯花时间为她的家庭做暖心的事，这

10、让她很感动，故A项正确。2How did Parry get the idea of decorating childrens bandages?AHe was motivated by his patients.BHe was inspired by his colleague.CHe was required to learn the skill during his internship.DHe was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“where he saw one of his colleag

11、ues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate childrens bandages”以及第五段最后一句“Then I decided to follow suit.”可知，Parry装饰孩子绷带的想法是从他的同事那里得到的启发，故B项正确。3Parrys artworks during the last 30 years show that he _Adevoted himself more to art than to medicineBknew more about his patients than their parentsCtook i

12、nto consideration the tastes of individual patientsDcreated a large number of works beyond his expectationsC细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharks，and started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients personalities.From Snoopy to SpiderMan and be

13、ars to butterflies，there isnt much he hasnt drawn.Most kids want superheroes，sports team logos or princesses，while babies often receive scenes with flowers，trees and sea creatures.”可知，Parry根据不同孩子的喜好来画画，例如史努比、蜘蛛侠，以及动植物、公主等，也就是说，Parry进行艺术创作时将病人的个人喜好考虑在内，故C项正确。4What does Parry expect to achieve with hi

14、s artworks?ATo get a reward from the artistic circle.BTo win the admiration of his colleagues.CTo make a difference in his dull medical career.DTo lift the spirits of his patients and their parents.D细节理解题。根据第七段中的“During a time of stress for families，its nice to be able to help them smile and laugh，P

15、arry said.This is something positive that I can do for them，which is what I like most about it.”可知，Parry希望他的作品能帮助减轻病人以及他们家人的压力并振奋他们的情绪，故D项正确。5What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage?AHe is eager to show others his new skills.BHe enjoys trying new ways to help others

16、.CHe is looking forward to life after retirement.DHe is more interested in knitting than drawing.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“hes found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come”及最后一段中的“Ive taken up knitting (编织)”“But mostly，I enjoy giving everything away.”可知，Parry找到了新的爱好，他开始编织，并且喜欢把所有编织的东西送给别

17、人，由此可推知，Parry喜欢尝试新方式来帮助别人，故B项正确。B(2019北京卷B)Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids teeth，instead of destroying them.It a

18、ll began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for

19、my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it？” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching

20、 online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get

21、 her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy.As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she crea

22、ted, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasnt driven primarily by p

23、rofit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandys profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位少年创业成功的故事。小女孩Alice Moore面对问题不退缩，想办法解决问题，经过两年的调研和多次实验

24、，最终创业成功。她也给更多的孩子带来健康和微笑。6How did Moore react to her dads warning?AShe argued with him.BShe tried to find a way out.CShe paid no attention.DShe chose to consult dentists.B推理判断题。根据题干中关键词warning可直接定位到第二段第五句，该句表示Alice Moore想要解决父亲提出的问题，因为她不愿意放弃享用糖果的机会，故B项“她试图找到解决的办法”为正确选项。7What is special about CanCandy?

25、AIt is beneficial to dental health.BIt is free of sweeteners.CIt is sweeter than other candies.DIt is produced to a dentists recipe.A推理判断题。CanCandy为语篇的线索性词汇，它是Alice Moore的公司研发的新产品。题干是问CanCandy的特别之处，由此定位到第三段第一句，根据本句内容可知，它“既可口又对牙齿无害”，故A项“它有益于牙齿健康”正确。8What does Moore expect from her business?ATo earn m

26、ore money.BTo help others find smiles.CTo make herself stand out.DTo beat other candy companies.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.”可知，Alice Moore希望每位小朋友都有洁净的牙齿和灿烂的笑容。B项意为“帮助别人找到笑容”，与原文意思相符。9What can we learn from Alice Moores story?AFame is a great

27、thirst of the young.BA youth is to be regarded with respect.CPositive thinking and action result in success.DSuccess means getting personal desires satisfied.C推理判断题。文章介绍了Alice Moore年纪虽小，但面对问题不退缩，积极思考，想办法解决问题，勇于创新，最后创业成功的故事。故C项正确。C(2018江苏卷B)In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that bo

28、asted(享有) a special meat soup called consomm. Although the main attraction was the soup, Rozes chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restau

29、rants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食) when their plates matched their food. When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.Lighting matters, too.

30、 When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldnt tell how much theyd had: those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone else，but were none the wiserthey didnt feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.Time is money, but that principle means different things for diffe

31、rent types of restaurants. Unlike fastfood places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特)When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners o

32、ut.Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending“bad” tables, crowding，high prices dont necessarily. Diners at bad tables next to t

33、he kitchen door, say spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about bad tables，” given that theyre profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation, suggesting great food at

34、fair prices. And doubling a buffets price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.【语篇解读】本文为议论文。文章介绍了现代餐馆面临的经营困境和解决方案，介绍了刺激消费和食欲的几种方法，以及人们对餐厅就餐的一些错误认识。10The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were _Anot aware of eating more th

35、an usualBnot willing to share food with othersCnot conscious of the food qualityDnot fond of the food providedA词义猜测题。根据第三段画线部分的前句“they couldnt tell how much theyd had: those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone else”可知在黑暗中，他们说不清自己吃了多少，再根据画线后的句子“they didnt feel fuller, and they were just as

36、 ready for dessert”可知，他们虽然吃得很多，但并没有感觉更饱，仍然在等着吃甜点，所以他们没有意识到自己吃多了，所以A正确。11How could a fine dining shop make more profit?APlaying classical music.BIntroducing lemon scent.CMaking the light brighter.DUsing plates of larger size.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners sp

37、ent more.”可知，当演奏古典音乐而不是流行音乐的时候，食客们会花更多的钱。spent more就是对题干中make more profit的语意转化。故选A项。12What does the last paragraph talk about?ATips to attract more customers.BProblems restaurants are faced with.CWays to improve restaurants reputation.DCommon misunderstandings about restaurants.D段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Mean

38、while, things that you might expect to discourage spendingbad tables, crowding，high prices dont necessarily.”可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如位置“不好”的桌位、拥挤以及高价等不一定会真影响人们的消费，然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解，故选D。D(2017全国卷D)A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas wh

39、ere the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the US.Department of Agriculture，its an excellent water collector.Unfortunately，you must carry the necessary equipment with you，since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only components required，though，are a 55 s

40、heet of clear or slightly milky plastic，six feet of plastic tube，and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still，use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three

41、feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.Next，cover the hole with the

42、 plastic sheet，securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)with 45degreeangled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over，and no more than three inches above，the cup.The solar still works b

43、y creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates(蒸发)and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form，run down the material，and fall off into the cup. When the container is full，you can suck the refreshment out through the tube，and wont have to break down the still every ti

44、me you need a drink.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自制太阳能蒸馏器以便在野外获取饮用水。13What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?AIts delicate.BIts expensive.CIts complex.DIts portable.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.”可知，这些东西可以折叠放进小包

45、中系在腰带上，由此可知这一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“便携的”，故选D项。A项中delicate意为“易碎的”，B项中expensive意为“昂贵的”，C项中complex意为“复杂的”，均不符合文意。14What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe tube.BThe still.CThe hole.DThe cup.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述可知，制作一个蒸馏器装置，需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，要尽量在潮湿的地方挖洞来提高the water catcher的产量，结合全文

46、可知，提高的应该是整个蒸馏器装置的生产力，故选B项。本题易误选D项，结合全文可知生产力是整个装置的而不是作为其中一部分的杯子的。15What is the last step of constructing a working solar still?ADig a hole of a certain size.BPut the cup in place.CWeight the sheets center down.DCover the hole with the plastic sheet.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“.weighting the sheets center down w

47、ith a rock.”可知最后一步是用石块将塑料板的中心位置压下去，故选C项。A、B、D三项曲解文意。A项“挖一个一定尺寸的洞”、B项“把杯子放在正确位置”和D项“用塑料板盖好洞”均不是制作蒸馏器装置的最后一步。16When a solar still works，drops of water come into the cup from _Athe plastic tubeBoutside the holeCthe open airDbeneath the sheetD细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，地下水蒸发后在塑料板下方凝结成水滴，然后坠落到杯子里，故选D项。A、B、C三项曲解文意。根据

48、最后一段可知，水滴不是从“塑料试管”“洞的外面”或“露天”进入到杯子中的。1surgery n外科手术2operation n. 手术；操作3handdrawn adj. 手绘的4bandage n. 绷带5broom n扫帚6surgeon n. 外科医生7shark n. 鲨鱼8neat adj. 整洁的；整齐的9handiwork n手工(艺)；手工(艺)制品10consequently adv. 结果；所以11generate v发生；使产生12substitute n替代物13component n成分；部件14sheet n. 薄片；薄板；床单15damp adj. 潮湿的16su

49、ck v. 吸吮；吸取1recall v. 回忆；回想2center v. 集中 n. 中心；中央3personality n. 个性；性格4estimate v. 估计；判断5savings n储蓄；存款6enthusiastic adj.热心的7reputation n名声；声誉；声望8 sharp adj. 锋利的；强烈的；急剧的9weight v. 加重量于；使变重 n重量；重力1retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休；引退retired adj. 退休的；退役的2permit vt.&vi.许可； 允许； 准许n.通行证； 许可证； 执照 permission n

50、许可3agree vi.同意disagree vi.不同意 agreement n协议；同意，一致4profit n. 利润；利益profitable adj. 有利可图的；赚钱的5produce vt.生产production n生产；制造 producer n生产者；制片人product n. 产品；作品productivity n生产力；生产率6establish v建立；创立；确立established adj.已确立的establishment n建立；创立；确立7equip vt.&vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数)8fold v折叠，对折 unfold v. 展

51、开；打开9fresh adj. 新鲜的；清新的；淡水的refresh v. 更新；使恢复；使清新；消除的疲劳 vi. 恢复精神；喝饮料，吃点心；补充给养refreshment n. 饮料；点心；提神的东西1burst into tears 突然哭起来2kind of 有点儿；有几分3make a difference 有影响；有关系；起作用4in the years to come 在即将来临的几年里；在未来几年里5. lift the spirits of 振奋的精神6be sick of 厌倦7dine out 外出就餐即时演练单句语法填空1It is estimated (estimat

52、e) that he has gone abroad for further education.2A year after his retirement (retire), he began to work as a businessman.3Plans for a peace conference failed due to the disagreement (agreement) on who should be allowed to attend. Up to now, they still dont agree with each other.4I will help clean u

53、p the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviors will make a difference.5Time permitting(permit), I expect to take part in more activities where we can have our friendship strengthened.6Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland to prod

54、uce more crops.7He folded his arms and lowered his head as usual before he was in deep thought.8This famous company has produced(produce) twice as many electric vehicles this year as last year.9Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)

55、1One of the most stressful days of Susan McFredericks life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011. 用有轮之物推动2So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it？”避开.似易实难(将句中黑体词

56、部分译成汉语)1The smiles took everyones attention from the surgery.Then I decided to follow suit. 译文微笑吸引了诊疗室每个人的注意力。然后我决定效仿。2When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one，customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.译文当一个深色蛋糕用黑盘子而不是白盘子盛着被端上桌时，顾客们公认它更香甜可口。.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉

57、语)1He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.分析He recommended 后是一个由that 引导的宾语从句，因为动词是recommend(建议)，所以that 从句中的谓语动词应该用should do形式，should可以省略；在that 从句中还包含一个宾语从句what a healthier candy would contain，作介词about的宾语。译文他建议她做一些研究，并与牙科医生探讨一下更健康的糖果会含

58、有什么成分。2With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly.分析本句中，主句为spend time doing结构，其中and连接两个并列动作researching和conducting; that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a recipe，且在从句中作主语。译文为了得到一个既美味又对牙齿有益的配方，经过父亲的允许，她花了两年时间进行在线调研和试

59、验。3A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.分析本句为主从复合句。主句为A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas，其中不定式短语作后置定语，修饰one of the best ways；where the liquid is n

60、ot readily available是定语从句，修饰先行词areas。译文在不易获取饮用水的地方，自建太阳能蒸馏器仍是获得饮用水的最佳方式之一。4Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.分析本句为主从复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导结果状语从句，该从句是由and连接的并列句。译文然后把管子放在适当的地方，让管子的一端完全