2022-2023学年山西省平遥中学高三最后一模英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1They are smiling. There _ much trouble solving the problem.Acouldnt beBmustnt beCcant have beenDmustnt have been2Wo

2、uld you please wait for a moment while I telephone the reception desk to check?_.AI wouldnt mind thatBSound like funCI mean itDYou wish3You have a big mouth, Tom. You have told everybody the secret.AcantBmustntCshouldntDmightnt4_ many Chinese holidays are directed towards services remembering ancest

3、ors, the Ching Ming Festival is beyond doubt the largest.AUnlessBSinceCOnceDWhile5When the girl did _ the courage to tell her parents what had happened, unfortunately her own family didnt believe her.Awork outBwork upCwork atDwork on6He started school the same day as I did and_to it like a duck to w

4、ater.AappealedBtookCcateredDsaw7He was offered a position at the local church school, _ he went to the Cambridge.Aafter whenBsince whichCafter whichDsince when8Some people use hand-written letters _ typing because theyre more personal and represent your sincerity.Ain preference to Bin process of Cin

5、 reference with Din search of9Last year I applied to Princeton UniversityI _ they would say yesbut they did, and now here I amAnever thinkBam never thinkingChave never thoughtDnever thought10The real winners in sport are those who know how to persevere and to behave with _whether they win or lose a

6、game.Acertainty BcautionCdignity Dindependence11Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.AworkedBhas been workingChad workedDhas worked12- I have been working for more than 30 years! Im going to retire next month.- Really? You dont look a day 40!Aover BbyCwith Dfor13Th

7、ey have leading experts in this field，and thats _ theyve made important progressAwhereBwhyCwhetherDwho14Every four years Americans _ the transfer of power.Acarry over Bcarry offCcarry on Dcarry out15Could you tell me the_ of making such tasty cakes? Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.

8、AfeatureBplanCcostDtrick16There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _ she was an only child.Aever sinceBnow thatCeven thoughDas though17Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that _, only to drag you down for years to come.Atakes offBwears offCsets offDsho

9、ws off18You are subject to punishment if you fail to _ to the customs when carrying the prohibited articles listed above.Astate BdeclareCannounce Dcommunicate19How come? I cant find my key. I just left it _ it had been.AwhereBwhichCwhenDhow20- Which of these digital cameras do you like best? - _. Th

10、ey are both expensive and of little use.ANoneBNeitherCNothingDNo one第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the 4Tirst-nighf, effect. If a person stays in the same room

11、 the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it w

12、hen performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be

13、doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked a

14、t the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in

15、birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the exper

16、iment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irreg

17、ular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.1、What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?AShe found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.BShe found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.CShe got s

18、ome idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsDShe conducted studies on birds and dolphins sleeping patterns.2、What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?AShe monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.BShe recruited (招募) 35 participants from her D

19、epartment of Psychological Sciences.CShe studied the differences between the two sides of participants brains.DShe tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.3、What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?AShe analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.BSh

20、e recorded participants adaptation to changed environment.CShe exposed her participants to two different stimuli (刺激物).DShe compared the responses of different participants.4、What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?AThey tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.BThey

21、tended to recognize irregular beeps as a threat.CThey felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.DThey differed in their tolerance of irregular tones22（8分）The hit movie Finding Nemo follows a clownfish from the Great Barrier Reef. In real life, clownfish are among the thousands of colorful sea creatu

22、res that call the Great Barrier Reef home. Stretching 1, 250 miles along Australias northeastern coast, the Great Barrier Reef is the longest coral reef in the world.A coral reef is a living underwater structure. But these days, the Great Barrier Reef has found itself in trouble. Overfishing, pollut

23、ion, and high temperatures are harming its health. Thats why the government in Australia is trying to help rescue the reef.Underwater GardenWhile coral may look like a plant, it is actually made up of tiny sea animal. Those sea animals are called coral polyps.As polyps die, they leave hard shells be

24、hind. Other polyps grow on top of the shells. Over thousands of years, they form a coral reef in warm water that is not very deep.In many ways, the Great Barrier Reef resembles an underwater garden. Coral can be hard or soft. It forms in different colors and in strange shapes. Some coral looks like

25、hardened brains. Other coral looks like fans and lettuces.The reef bursts with schools of tropical fish, dashing among gaps in the coral. The reef supplies food and shelter to creatures living in and around the coral. Turtles, sharks, sea horses, and crabs are among its many inhabitants.Helping Huma

26、nsWhile the reef is important to ocean life, it helps humans, too. People rely on the reef for both food and jobs. It also provides medicine used to treat disease. Each year, the Great Barrier Reef contributes about $ 975 million to the economy through tourism and fishing.Stressed OutIs it surprisin

27、g, then, that the Great Barrier Reef is under too much stress? Fishing nets and ships break off sections and damage the reef. Air and water pollution are also doing harm. At the same time, warmer sea temperatures have caused coral bleaching（漂白）on half of the reef. The high temperatures cause the cor

28、al to turn white, often killing it.Reef RescueIn an effort to help save the reef, the government has limited fishing to two thirds of it. That plan increases the number of “green zones.” Those are areas that are off-limits to fishermen and boats. However, tourists and researchers can still visit the

29、m. Many fishermen are upset about the plan because they rely on the reef for jobs.The Australian government says that its plan will help keep the reef safe from some threats. “It is very important that we give a reef proper protection for the future,” said one government official. The reef is Austra

30、lias greatest natural treasure.1、Which of the following is not a creature that lives in the Great Barrier Reef?ACoral polyps. BTurtles.CSea horses. DWhales.2、Which section describes the problem in this passage?A“Underwater Garden” B“Helping Humans”C“Stressed Out” D“Reef Rescue”3、What picture can the

31、 reader get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6?AMany fish quickly moving through the coral.BFish moving toward the center, or target, of the coral.CStructured, orderly groups of young fish without a clear path.DFish exploding when they come into contact with gaps in the coral.23（8分）To me, i

32、nspirations mean to put my thoughts, heart, and creations into my jewelry. Sometimes I become so inspired with what Im working on that I can finish one or more sets in less than an hour. Because of that feeling, I have named my jewelry collection “Inspirations”.I am a 17-year-old senior with sickle-

33、cell anemia. With this, I am in and out of the hospital a lot. So I started making jewelry a year ago when I was in the hospital. I really needed something to do, so I was introduced to jewelry making by a child life expert.One day while lying in my hospital bed, I decided to get up and go to the pa

34、tients playroom, and look through the craft designs. That was when I became inspired to design my jewelry collection, and named it “Inspirations”.When Im not sick, I try to keep a positive attitude through reading, schoolwork, and craft activities. Even though its a lot of work, I try to stay focus

35、at all times. When I need a break or just to be free I turn to my craft activities. This is a way to ease my mind and it always helps me to especially get through those stressful times.I am getting very excited about graduating next year and preparing myself for college. Who knows my collection of I

36、nspirations, would take me to the places I always dreamed of? I may see celebrities I admire and even sell them some of my beautiful “Inspirations”. If they wear my “Inspirations,” it will become well known and more demanding. What a great way to make some extra money for college! I never thought be

37、ing sick would bring me “Inspirations”. I want people to look beyond my illness and see the creations Ive made in my collection called “Inspirations”.1、What does “sickle-cell anemia” refer to?AA hospital. BA place.CAn illness. DA doctor.2、Why did the writer name his jewelry collection “Inspirations”

38、?ABecause it was designed by a patient.BBecause it was designed in the hospital.CBecause its designs came from inspiration.DBecause the designs were very various and fresh.3、What can we infer from the passage?AThe writer is a senior high school student.BThe writer will graduate from college next yea

39、r.CThe writer wants to be a doctor in the future.DThe writer plans to be a jewelry designer after graduation.4、What is the best title of the passage?AMy Jewelry CollectionBMy IllnessCCreating InspirationsDHow to Get Through Bad Times24（8分）Scientists this week announced that lightning can travel much

40、 farther and last much longer than previously thought.The conclusion is based on observations of a storm in Oklahoma that produced a lightning bolt (霹雳) nearly 200 miles long, nearly half the width of the state. The longest-lasting flash was observed in southern France, where a single flash in 2012

41、lasted for 7.74 seconds. Most lightning bolts last less than a second and travel only a few miles.“We should be more aware of lightning if we can have lightning that can travel 200 miles.” said Randy Cerveny, the spokesman on weather and climate extremes for the World Meteorological Organization, wh

42、ich added for the first time, lightning to its list of extreme weather events. This list includes records for heat, cold, wind speed, rainfall and other events.Scientists said that the Oklahoma lightning bolt shot from Tulsa, Okla. westward, nearly to the Texas border. It touched the ground in sever

43、al places.The lightning can start tens or hundreds of miles away and then come back to where we are. Thats why we have to be careful of where the lightning is coming to ground, even though the storm is past.Of course not all storms have extreme lightning like that observed in Oklahoman and French st

44、orms. The Oklahoma bolt came in the midst of a particularly bad patch of weather early on June 20, 2007.“Most lightning will strike within the 30-30 rule,” said Dr. Cerveny. “The 30-30 rule is one that we still want to stress and make sure people are aware of. but it does confirm that lightning can

45、hit far from where the storm actually is.”The “30-30” rule stipulates (规定) that if thunder follows lightning within 30 seconds, people should go inside for 30 minutes. If it lasts longer, its safe to stay outside.Studying lightning is important because it can be fatal when it strikes. This year, 35

46、deaths have been blamed on lightning striker, according to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Thats the highest death toll related to lightning strikes in any single year since 2007, reports The Weather Channel.Though thunder is just the sound of lightening, the rumble(隆隆

47、声) arrives after the light flash during a storm, because light travels much faster than sound. The booming sound is a shock wave caused by the rapid expansion of air suddenly heated by the lightning holt.1、According to the authorities, lightning may _.Acause as great harm as a severe earthquakeBpara

48、llel hurricanes in their harm to humansCimpact on people in a larger area than rainsDbe far more difficult to forecast than storms2、The “30-30 rule” is established to show _.Awhen we can carry out observations on lightning boltsBwhat the relationship is between lightning and a stormCwhere lightning

49、may possibly reach and cause damageDhow we might keep ourselves safe from a lightning bolt3、We can conclude from the passage that _.Athe longer distance a bolt covers, the more dangerous it may beBlightning bolts tend to take place in extremely hot summer daysCwe mustnt stop caring about the bolts u

50、ntil they come to an endDwhere there is no storm, there is no danger from lightning4、The passage tells us about _.Aan application in lightningBan update on lightningCan experiment on lightningDan analysis of lightning25（10分）Silence is unnatural to manHe begins life with a cry and ends it in stillnes

51、sIn between he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and he fears silence more than anything elseEven his conversation is an attempt to prevent a fearful silenceIf he is introduced to another person, and a number of pauses occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthle

52、ss person, and is full of envy of the emptiest headed chatterbox （喋喋不休的人）He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means no more than the buzzing of a fly, but he is anxious to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a waxwork figure （蜡塑人像） The aim of conversation is not

53、, for the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to keep up the buzzing soundThere are, it must be admitted, different qualities of buzz; there is even a buzz that is as annoying as the continuous noise made by a mosquito （蚊子）But at a dinner party one would rather be a mosquito than a quiet personMo

54、st buzzing, fortunately, is pleasant to the ear, and some of it is pleasant even to the mindHe would be a foolish man if he waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing -with his neighbors Those who hate to pick up the weather as a conversational opening seem to me not to know the

55、reason why human beings wish 1:0 talkVery few human beings join in a conversation in the hope of learning anything newSome of them are content if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other peoples ears, though they have nothing to tell them except that they have seen two or three new

56、, plays or that they had food in a Swiss hotelAt the end of an evening during which they have said nothing meaningful for a long time, they just prove themselves to be successful conservationists1、According to the author, people make conversation to .Aexchange ideasBprove their valueCachieve success

57、 m lifeDovercome their fear of silence2、By the buzzing of a fly （Para1）, the author means_.Athe noise of an insectBa low whispering soundCmeaningless talksDthe voice of a chatterbox3、According to the passage, people usually talk to their neighbors_ Aabout whatever they have preparedBabout whatever t

58、hey want toCin the hope of learning something newDin the hope of getting on well4、What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo discuss why people like talking about weatherBTo encourage people to join in conversationsCTo persuade people to stop making noisesDTo explain why people keep talk

59、ing第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） A story spread around that a 13-year-old boy fell into a river of sewage（下水道） and was saved by rescuers The boy， Phil， was 1 more than 12 hours in the citys 2 underground sewage system It is 3 with waste liquids

60、and other waste materials， which were 4 Phil had been playing at a public park with other 5 during a family gathering on Sunday At one point， the children were on pieces of wood that 6 an opening leading to the sewage system One of the wooden boards 7 The boy fell about eight meters down and 8 in fa