大学英语教案 Unit13

1、PAGE PAGE 22Unit 3 Section AI. Background Information Manhattan Manhattan is a suburb of New York. A borough of New York City in southeast New York, mainly on Manhattan Island at the north end of New York Bay. Peter Minuit of the Dutch West Indies Company bought the island in 1626 from the Manhattan

2、 Indians, supposedly for $24 worth of merchandise. The settlement of New Amsterdam, renamed New York when the English assumed control in 1664, quickly spread from the southern tip of the island, eventually becoming the financial and commercial center of the United States. Population: 1,560,000.Brook

3、lyn Brooklyn is a suburb of New York or a borough of New York City in southeast New York on western Long Island. Dutch colonists first settled the area in 1636 and 1637 and in 1645 established the hamlet of Breuckelen near the present-day site of Borough Hall. Renamed Brooklyn by the English, the ex

4、panded community became part of Greater New York City in 1898. Population: 2,470,000.Ebbets Field Ebbets Field is the stadium built by and named after Charlie Ebbets, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team. The first game played in this former home of the Brooklyn Dodgers took place in 1938

5、. The Dodgers no longer play for Brooklyn. For more information, visit HYPERLINK /stadiume.shtml /stadiume.shtml and /baseball/ national/ebbets.htmDodgers: The Dodgers, the name of a baseball team; the team originally played for Brooklyn but now it no longer plays for Brooklyn. For more information,

6、 visit /brookln2.htmII. Text Analysis( A )Main idea of the text: How a crippled father helps his son keep balance through his act of deep caring.Devices for developing it:Exemplification (举例法)Example 1General statement: Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in som

7、e way. (Para.8-9)Detail :1) When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going.(Para. 8)Back2) He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching.(Para. 8)3) On one occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punchi

8、ng and shoving. He wasnt content to sit and watch, but he couldnt stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, “Ill fight anyone who will sit down with me! Ill fight anyone who will sit down with me!” (Para. 9)Example 2General statement: I now know he participated in some things

9、through me, his only son. (Para.11)Detail:1）When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too2）When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. (Para. 11)3）And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “this is my son, but it is also me, and I could

10、have done this, too, if things had been different.” Those words were never said aloud. (Para. 11)2. Narration interspersed with comment (夹叙夹议). 1) Narrative parts (Para.1-4) Fathers physical condition and how he managed to get to work. Comments (Para.5): When I think of it now, I am amazed at how mu

11、ch courage to subject himself to such shame and stress. And at how he did itwithout bitterness or complaint.2) Narrative part (Para.6) Father treated others with a good heart Comments(Para.7) I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people. 3. comparison and contrast (对比法)The comparison

12、 & contrast is centered around “the son” and “the father”1) Their attitudes towards peoples staringThe father: never letting on even when bothered or talking about himself as an object of pityThe son: embarrassed to be seen walking with the crippled father(para1-5)2) Their ways of conducting oneself

13、The father: brave (courage) to subject himself to the shame and stress without bitterness and complaint, showing no envy of the more fortune or able, and looking for “good heart” in others (Para.5 and 6)The son: envious of anothers good fortune, short of “ good heart”, complaining about trifles (Par

14、a. 12) 3) Their dependence on each otherThe father: I put my hand on the sons arm for my balance of body when we walked together, when I went to work, when snow or ice was on the ground.(para1-4)The son: I put my hand on the fathers arm for my balance of mind when I complain about trifles, when I am

15、 envious of anothers good fortune, when I dont have a good heart (para13)Structure of the text: There are four parts in the text. Part I (Para.1-5)Main idea: The son was embarrassed to be seen walking with his crippled father, but the father subjected himself to the shame and stress without bitterne

16、ss and complaint.Devices for developing it: Narration interspersed with comments(夹叙夹议)1.Narration: (Para. 1-4)The father, severely crippled and short, had to put his hand on the sons arm for balance when he walked out or to be pulled on a childs wagon with steel runners through the streets of Brookl

17、yn to the subway entrance and then pulled back home when his work day was over. 2.Comments: (Para. 5)I am amazed at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such shame and stresswithout bitterness and complaint. Part II (Para.6-7)Main idea :The son now realizes that

18、his father treated others with a good heart.Devices for developing it: Narration interspersed with comment (夹叙夹议). Para.6： NarrationPara.7： CommentPart III (Para.8-11)Main idea: The fathers attempt to experience things directly and indirectlyDevices for developing it: Exemplification (举例法) General s

19、tatement: St. 1 of Para. 8Examples: Para.8 11Part IV (Para.12-13)Main idea: The father has gone many years, but the son feels regret for his reluctance and relies much more on his father for his balance of mind. Devices for developing it: Induction through introspection (自省式归纳法）Rhetorical techniques

20、:1. Euphemism: My father has been gone for many years now (line 4-5). ( “has been gone” is used here to replace “has been dead”)2. Parallelism: I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it.(L.46) I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious o

21、f anothers good fortune, when I dont have a “good heart”(L. 47)3. Repetition : “You set the pace, I will try to adjust to you. ”(L51) (The repetition here gives the reader a sense of contrast )III. Language Points A. Words and Expressions:1. to lean on2. to coordinate3. to be embarrassed 4. to set t

22、he pace 5. to adjust 6. to make it 7. to cling to8. to keep free of ice9. .to be amazed at sth.10. to subject himself to11. occasion 12. to break out13. to urge14. worth15. to be content to do16. to see to it that 17. to complain 18. to be envious ofExamples:1) to lean on (Title) (depend on ) Most c

23、ollege students lean on their parents for financial support. 大多数大学生依靠父母的经济援助。(depend on for support and encouragement) They always lean on us when they are in trouble. 他们有困难时总寻求我们的支持。2) to coordinate (L.5)( cause different parts to work together very well) Shes a beautiful dancer: all her movements

24、are perfectly coordinated. 她是位出色的舞蹈家，她所有的动作都非常协调。 (vt. 使协调) If we coordinate our efforts, we should be able to defeat the enemy. 如果我们协调努力，就能击败敌人。3) to be embarrassed to do ( to be ashamed) John often feels embarrassed in the presence of the strangers. 约翰在陌生人面前常感到局促不安。 She was embarrassed to be seen

25、speaking in front of classmates. 她在同学面前讲话被人看见感到特别不安。4) to set the pace.(para1) (to fix the speed) The fast runner set the pace, and the others followed. 跑的较快的赛跑者决定步速，起他的人则着跑。5) to adjust (L.7)（to change a little to make right or suitable for a situation or purpose） You can adjust the color on the TV

26、 by turning this knob. 你可以转动这个旋钮来调整电视的颜色。（v. make regular） Its very important for freshmen to learn to adjust to college life. (v. adapt to) 对大一学生来说，学会适应大学生活是很重要。6) to make it (L.9)(arrive in time/succeed with efforts) They got up late. They made it to the classroom, though. 他们起晚了。尽管如此, 他们还是及时赶到教室。（

27、arrive in a place in time） You dont have to worry, he will make it. ( succeed in doing sth.) 你不用担心，她会办到的7) to cling to ( to hold tightly: refuse to let go) They cling to one another for support. 他们互相紧抓住对方，以相互支持。 She still clings to the idea that her son is alive. 她仍然抱着一个信念：儿子还活着。8) to keep free of (

28、 keepwithout sth./keepsafe from.) The old lady is never free of ( or from) pain. 那位老妇人一直在遭受痛苦。 Meals are provided free of charge. 缮食免费供应。9) to amaze /to be amazed at/by (L.20) ( vt. fill sb. with great surprise) He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. 令人大为吃惊的是他竟然通过了驾驶考试。 be amazed (at/by) +

29、a how-clause be amazed to do sth. be amazed that-clause We were amazed to hear that she passed the test without much difficulty. 听说她轻而易举地通过了考试，我们都很惊奇。 I was amazed at / by her calmness. 她的镇静自若令我吃惊。 I was amazed that you were leaving. 你要离开，我很吃惊。 You would be amazed (at /by) how difficult the job was.

30、 你要是知道那件任务有多难，你会大吃一惊的。 词语辨析： surprise vt. “使惊奇，使吃惊”一般用语，指一种出乎意料之外的事突然而来，使人 觉得很奇怪 amaze vt. “使惊讶使惊愕”，指对意外的事不仅感到吃惊，而且含有“佩服，赞赏”之意。 I was surprised they were reading a novel like that. 他们读这样一本书，我很奇怪。 We were amazed to hear that she passed the test without much difficulty. 听说她轻而易举地通过了考试，我们都很惊奇。10）subject

31、 to (L.21) (cause to experience or suffer) The officials subjected him to the worst possible punishment. 当局给予他最严厉的惩罚。(cause to experience or suffer) The scientists subjected the product to a number of severe tests.科学家对这种产品进行了数次严格测试。He was subjected to torture.他受到了严刑拷打。11) occasion (L.34) He talked a

32、bout his work on every occasion. 他一有机会就谈他的工作。( a particular time ) on occasionsoccasionally间或，有时 on the occasion of. ：值此之际 I play online games on occasions. 我偶尔玩玩网络游戏。 On the occasion of the Spring Festival, may you enjoy health, happiness and every success! 值此春节之际，谨祝你健康、幸福、万事如意！12) break out (L.34)

33、 The plague broke out in London that summer, and hundreds of people died. 那年夏天，伦敦突然发生黑死病，死了成千伤亡的人。(begin suddenly and often vilently) A fire broke out during the night. 夜里有一个地方失火了。13) urge (L.39) He urged me to accept the compromise. 他敦促我接受妥协。（v. try very hard to persuade） They urged us to give our

34、support. 他们敦促我们给与支持。14) worth (L.47) 词语辨析：worth worthy 这组词都有“值得的”的意思。 worth a. “值钱的”、“相当于价值的”、“值得的”，用作表语后接名词或动名词。后接的名词往往指金额数，或相当价值之类的名词。后接动名词时该动名词表现为主动的形式，被动的含义。Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort. （+ n.） ( Unit1-A, Book) 学习外语虽然时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。 This re

35、port on environmental pollution is well worth reading. (+ doing) 这份有关环境污染的报告很值得一读。 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. (谚)一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 worthy a.“值得的”、“配得上的”、。有价值的”，可作表语或定语。用作表语后接动词不定式或与of 连用。 His behavior is worthy of great praise/ to be praised. 他的行为值得大为赞扬。 The suggestion is worthy to be co

36、nsidered/of consideration. 这条建议值得考虑。 He has lived a worthy life. 他度过了有意义的一生。15) to be content to do/with (be happy or satisfied by doing sth) I am not content with beautiful dreams; I want beautiful realities. 我不满足于美丽的梦想，我要的是美丽的现实。 Hes perfectly content to live in a simple room and to paint pictures

37、 all day. 身居陋室，整日作画，他对此已完全心满足了。16) see to; (L.42) take care, make sure see (to it) that See (to it) that the students have enough time to review the lessons. 要保证学生们有足够的时间复习功课。 Well see to it that she gets home early tomorrow. 我们一定保证她明天会早点回到家。17) complain (L.47) 短语辨析 complain about：投诉，抱怨，发牢骚，诉苦。 comp

38、lain of：说自己有病痛 They never complain about working extra time to anybody. 他们加班加点工作，从不向任何人抱怨。 He went to the doctor complaining of the difficulty in breathing. 他去找医生，说自己呼吸有困难。18) to be envious of ( feel envy at sth) I am very envious of your new job. 我十分羡慕你的新工作。B. Sentence patterns1) 原句: I think of him

39、 when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of anothers good fortune, when I dont have a “good heart”. (L.47) 每当我因一些琐事而怨天尤人的时候，每当我嫉妒别人运气比我好的时候，每当我没有一颗“好心”的时候，我就会想到他。句型提炼: Sb. thinks of sth. / sb, when (从句) when (从句), and when (从句)每当的时候，每当的时候，某人就会想到某事 某人。应用： SARS will serve as a reminder of wha

40、t lifestyle we should develop. We will think of it when we spit anywhere, when we help ourselves to wild game, when we are careless of our personal hygiene. SARS 将提醒我们应养成什么样的生活方式。每当我们随地吐痰的时候，每当我们品尝野味的时候，每当我们不注意个人卫生的时候，我们就会想到SARS. Ill read my grandfathers letters carefully when I miss my family very

41、much, when Im in a blue mood, and when Im frustrated. Because I can always find care、encouragement and confidence in his letters.每当我非常想家时，每当我心情不好时，每当我感到灰心丧气时，我就会仔细读爷爷的来信。因为我总能在他的信中找到关爱、鼓励与信心。2) 原句: Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way.(L.29) 虽说有很多活动不能

42、参加，但是父亲还是试着以某种方式去参加。 句型提炼: Adjective phrase, sb. still does 虽说是, 某人还是应用: Unwilling to accept the job, he still nodded his agreement. 虽说他不愿意接受这个任务，但他还是点头同意了。 Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman still called for a vote. 主席虽急于快速作出决定, 但仍要求投票表决。3) 原句: He would make it to the office even if others

43、could not. (L.9) 即使别人做不到，他也总是按时到办公室。句型提炼: Sth./Sb. does/iseven if (even though) (从句) 即使尽管, 某事 某人还是 应用: You mustnt be conceited even though youve achieved great success. 即使你取得了成绩也不应当骄傲。 Even if I have to walk all the way Ill get there 即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。4) 原句: he never talked about himself as an objec

44、t of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able.( Para 6)他从不说自己可怜，也从不表现出对那些比他幸运或健康的人的羡慕。句型提炼: (not/never)do , nor did/do one -. 不，也不。应用：I have never been to Paris, nor has my wife.我从为去过巴黎，我妻子也没去过。I have never been dishonest, nor do I plan to start being so now.我从来没有不诚实过，现在我也不打算开始破这

45、个例。5）原句: Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still dont know precisely what a “good heart” is.（Para 7）现在我长大成人了，我开始相信这正是判断一个人的恰如其分的标准。虽然没有确切理解什么是“好心”。句型提炼: Now that , . 既然，就/可以。应用：Now that John has arrived, we can begin.既然约翰来了，我们可以开始了。Now t

46、hat shes found him, shell never let him go.既然她找到了他，就决不会放他走了。I like him a lot now that hes older.他现在老了，我倒十分喜欢他。6）原句: where he could have a good time just sitting and watching.( Para8) 虽然他在那儿只能坐着观看，却也能享受一番乐趣。句型提炼: have a good /hard /difficult time doing sth.花-时间干某事。应用：I had a hard time finding you .我费

47、好大劲才找到你。She had a difficult time persuading him to accept the job.她好不容易劝说他接受了那份工作。In Spain she had a good time swimming and sun-bathing in the beach.在西班牙，他又游泳又在海滩上晒太阳，过的很愉快。VI. Writing1. What is the paragraph of a general point supported by Examples?What is a general point ?It is what the writer or

48、speaker want to express in one paragraph, and is usually presented in a topic sentence, which includes main idea and the way to develop a paragraph. The topic sentence is often written in simple sentence and placed at the beginning or end of a paragraph.What are the supporting examples?They are some

49、 facts or information used to support the general point of the paragraph. These facts are closely related to the general idea and arranged in logical order such as time or process sequences. In Section A of Unit Three, paragraph 8 and 11 are typical examples of such paragraphs.2. Guided writing2.1 T

50、he Topic Sentence In Unit Two , we focus on the general characteristics of the top sentence and most of the top sentences are written in simple sentences. On the basis of that, we will turn our attention to how to write the top sentence in complex sentences in this unit. 以2000年12月的CET四、六级考题的作文提纲为例：H

51、OW to Succeed in a Job Interview?面试在求职过程中的作用。取得面试成功的因素：仪表，举止，谈吐，能力，专业知识，自信，实事求是等。The topic sentence in simple sentences: Job interview plays a very important role in a job marketMany factors are necessary to your success in a job interview.The top sentence in complex sentences:It is true that job in

52、terview plays a decisive role in job huntingThere are some major elements that contribute to your success in a job interviewExerciseDirection: You can rewrite these topic sentences below, making each of them change from simple sentences to complex sentences 1.College students should study hard. What

53、 college students should do now is to study hard.2.We should make a careful plan to use the time on the two-day weekend. We should make a careful plan so that we can take good advantage of the time on the two-day weekend.3. Many students spend too much time on chatting on line. Chatting on line is s

54、uch a time-consuming entertainment that some students may do nothing but talk with others in front of computer.2. 2 A Paragraph of a General Point Supported by Examples Write one short paragraph of a general point supported by examples based on the following outline.Subject: Different people like di

55、fferent forms of exercises.Examples: enjoy competitive sports exercise alone sports in different seasonsReference Writing: There are many different forms of exercises which can suit different tastes. For one example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up hall games. For another example, if

56、they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them.V. Reading S

57、kills (B)Section B: The Right Son at the Right Time (Unit 3)Skills: The particular reading skill introduced for this unit is reading for the key ideas in sentences. We are reading for information and the ability to find out the key ideas of sentences is of great importance to us.To find out the key

58、idea of a sentence, we have to remember the three important points mentioned in your textbook:Reading for the Key Ideas in Sentences.Ask who or what the sentence is about. 2. Ask what the person or object is doing or what is happening to the person or object. 3. Learn to separate minor details from

59、the main ideas. Many words in sentences describe things about the subject of the sentence and merely add details around it. If you focus on the key idea of a sentence only, just ignore the details as they just help support the key idea but not the key idea of the sentence. Here, we would pick up som

60、e sentences from Passage A to find out the key ideas of the sentences.1. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we walked together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. (Para. 1, Passage A)Key idea: He was crippled. You see the key idea of this sentence is: “He was crippled