2021-2022四川中考英语复习课件 第2篇 专题十三　句子的分类(一)(共81张PPT)

1、第二篇攻专题 能力提升一语法专题突破专题十三句子的分类(一)栏目导航透析中考四川中考真题精练考点1考点2考点3考点4考点5第 3 页1一般疑问句透 析 中 考考点1疑问句知识精讲概念形式用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句Be主语其他？情态动词主语动词原形其他？助动词主语动词原形其他？第 4 页2特殊疑问句概念用法用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句，不能用yes或no来回答who询问人物what询问物品、职业或身份which询问特定范围内的人或物whose询问所属when询问时间where询问地点或位置why询问原因how询问方式第 5 页3选择疑问句概念形式对问题给出两个或两个以上

2、答案，供对方选择其一的疑问句一般疑问句or选择项？特殊疑问句，选择项or选择项？第 6 页选择疑问句不用yes或no作答，常用完整的陈述句或简略形式作答，也可用both、either、neither或none作答。Which movie do you like best, Wolf Warrior 2，Operation Red Sea or Dying to Survive？你最喜欢哪部电影，战狼2红海行动还是我不是药神？Wolf Warrior 2.战狼2。第 7 页4反意疑问句反意疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简单问句，又称附加疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“三同一反”原则。所谓“三同一反”原则，即：

3、人称相同、助动词相同、时态相同、意义相反(前肯后否或前否后肯)。它的常见句式如下表：第 8 页否定陈述句肯定疑问句？You dont like rock music, do you？你不喜欢摇滚乐，对吗？Yes, I do.不，我喜欢。/No, I dont.是的，我不喜欢。肯定陈述句否定疑问句？You like rock music, dont you？你喜欢摇滚乐，不是吗？Yes, I do.是的，我喜欢。/No, I dont.不，我不喜欢。Lets 祈使句，shall we？Lets go hiking, shall we？我们去远足吧，好吗？肯定祈使句， will/wont you？

4、Do me a favour, will/wont you？帮我一下，好吗？否定祈使句， will you？Dont laugh at others, will you？不要嘲笑别人，好吗？第 9 页1肯定句变一般疑问句肯定陈述句中，谓语动词含be动词、情态动词或助动词时，如要将其变为一般疑问句，只需将be动词、助动词或情态动词提至句首，句号改为问号。但是，谓语动词是实义动词时，需要借助助动词do、does或did构成一般疑问句。方法指导第 10 页【例题】This pen he bought yesterday works very well.(改为一般疑问句)_ this pen he b

5、ought yesterday _ very well?【答案】Does；work【解析】原句中主句的谓语为实义动词且时态为一般现在时，变一般疑问句需要借助助动词does，谓语动词用原形。第 11 页【跟进训练1】(上海)Tom will tell his friends something about the new movie.(改为一般疑问句)_ Tom _ his friends anything about the new movie?Willtell第 12 页2特殊疑问句特殊疑问句的关键在于疑问词或词组的选择：what意为“什么”，询问人或事物；who意为“谁”，询问人；whic

6、h意为“哪一个”，询问具体对象；when意为“什么时候”，询问时间；where意为“何地”，询问地点；why 意为“为什么”，询问原因；how意为“如何”，询问手段、方式、程度等；how old意为“多大”，询问年龄；how much/many意为“多少”，询问数量；how far意为“多远”，询问距离；how long 意为“多长、多久”，询问长度、时间；how often 意为“多长时间一次”，询问频率。第 13 页【例题】(2018重庆)I go to the movies once a week.(对画线部分提问)_ _do you go to the movies?【答案】How o

7、ften【解析】once a week表示频率，询问频率用how often。【跟进训练2】(2019重庆B卷)Sara was late for school because of the heavy rain.(对画线部分提问)_ _ Sara late for school?Why was第 14 页3选择疑问句选择疑问句有两种句式：一种是一般疑问句式，另一种是特殊疑问句式(只能用which引导)。which表示在两者之间选择时，常与比较级连用；表示在三者或三者以上之间选择时，常与最高级连用。第 15 页【例题】 Helen is going to Beijing by plane.(用

8、by train 改为选择疑问句)_ _ going to Beijing by plane _ by train? 【答案】Is Helen；or【解析】原句是陈述句，首先将陈述句改为一般疑问句，再在两个选项之间加上or。第 16 页【跟进训练3】(湖南永州)Which subject do you like _，English or math?Of course，English.AwellBbetterCbest B第 17 页4反意疑问句(1)熟练掌握常考点当陈述部分有否定词no、nothing、nobody、never等或半否定词few、seldom、hardly、rarely、lit

9、tle等时，疑问部分用肯定形式。He is never late for school, is he？他上学从不迟到，是吗？陈述部分谓语是used to时，疑问部分用“didnt/usednt主语”。He used to take pictures there, didnt/usednt he？他过去常常在那儿拍照，是吗？第 18 页Lets开头的祈使句，改为反意疑问句时用shall we；Let us 开头的祈使句，则用will you。如果陈述部分的谓语含有带否定前缀dis、un、im或否定后缀less的词(dislike、discourage、unfair、untrue、unable、u

10、seless等)，仍按肯定句处理，其疑问部分一般用否定式。陈述部分主语是I时，疑问部分要用arent I。陈述部分主语是指示代词that、this或不定代词everything、nothing等时， 疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isnt it？一切都准备好了，是吗？第 19 页陈述部分主语是someone、somebody、anyone、anybody、everyone、everybody、no one、nobody等指人的不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语可以是they，也可以是泛指第三人称单数的he。陈述部分是“there be”结构时，疑问部分用there，省

11、略主语。Theres not much news in todays newspaper, is there? 今天的报纸上没有什么新闻，是吗？第 20 页陈述部分含有宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语应与主句的主语保持一致。但当主句是：I think、 I believe、 I suppose、 I expect、 I imagine等结构时，疑问部分的主语和谓语动词应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。第 21 页【例题】(2019黑龙江龙东地区)Your partner always gets up early on school days.Hes seldom been late for scho

12、ol，_？Aisnt heBis heChas he【答案】C【解析】第二句中有表示否定词含义的seldom，故疑问部分要用肯定形式，排除A；由Hes seldom been.可知该句使用了现在完成时，此处的Hes是He has的缩略形式，故选C。第 22 页(2)反意疑问句的回答对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。但是，当陈述部分为否定形式时，其答语翻译成中文意思刚好相反，这种回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。第 23 页【例题】Middle school students dont know much about sho

13、pping online, _ they?_.Its very popular with teenagers.Ado；NoBdo；YesCdont；NoDdont；Yes【答案】B第 24 页【解析】根据“前否后肯”的原则可知，第一空用肯定形式，排除C、D。由最后一句“那很受青少年的欢迎”可知，答话人认为中学生知道很多网购的知识，即事实是肯定的，故第二空填Yes，但是翻译成中文的“不”。第 25 页【跟进训练4】(甘肃天水)You didnt find the owner of the books，did you? _.So I gave them to our teacher.ANo，I d

14、idBYes，I didntCNo，I didntDYes，I didC第 26 页祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1肯定的祈使句(1)动词原形其他Stand up，please.Please stand up.请起立。(2)Beadj.！Be careful！Look out！Take care! 小心/当心！(3)Lets动词原形Lets go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。考点2祈使句知识精讲第 27 页2否定的祈使句(1)Dont动词原形Dont stand up.别站起来。(2)L

15、ets/Let sb.not动词原形Let them not play with fire.别让他们玩火。(3)No动词ing形式/名词！第 28 页考查祈使句的题比较简单，只要考生正确分析句意，就可比较容易地判断出试题考查的是否是讲过的那几种祈使句型。【例题】(2018河南)_ everyone with politeness even those who are very rude to you, not because they are nice, but because you are.ATreatBTreatingCTreatedDTo treat【答案】A方法指导第 29 页【解析

16、】由句意“礼貌对待每一个人，即使是那些对你无礼的人你也要礼貌对待，这么做不是因为他们人好，而是因为你人好”可知，who引导的是定语从句，所以who前面的是主句，而一个句子不能缺少谓语动词，动词原形可以作谓语，且这个句子是提出的建议，为祈使句，综上所述，选A。第 30 页【跟进训练5】(2019广西桂林)_ me an email before you come to Hohhot, and Ill meet you at the train station.ASendBSendingCTo sendDSentA第 31 页what和how引导的感叹句的结构考点3感叹句知识精讲引导词结构例句wh

17、atWhata/an形容词可数名词单数(主语谓语)！What a beautiful present(it is)！多么漂亮的一件礼物啊！What形容词可数名词复数(主语谓语)！What interesting books(they are)！多么有趣的书啊！What形容词不可数名词(主语谓语)！What nice music(it is)！多么美妙的音乐！第 32 页引导词结构例句howHow形容词/副词主语谓语！How fine the weather is！天气真好啊！How well he plays the violin! 他小提琴拉得多好啊！How形容词a/an/the可数名词单数

18、(主语谓语)！How beautiful the garden it is！这个花园真美啊！How主语谓语！How time flies！时光飞逝！第 33 页巧学妙记感叹句的构成： 感叹句并不难，what或how摆在前。强调名词用what，强调形、副要用how。名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。主语、谓语放在后，省略也是很常见。第 34 页对感叹句的考查，一般要求选引导词how还是what。判断的依据是：what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词。【例题】(2019黑龙江绥化)_ song the little girl sings!AWhat a sweetBHow a sweetCWhat

19、 sweet【答案】A方法指导第 35 页【解析】此感叹句的中心词是名词song，对名词进行感叹，感叹词用what，排除B；song是可数名词单数，故用句型：What a/an形容词可数名词单数其他！【跟进训练6】(2020湖北随州)通往成功的道路是多么艰难！_difficult the road to _is！Howsuccess第 36 页为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则须添加助动词do、does或did等，并将其置

20、于主语之前。现将倒装句分类讲解如下：考点4倒装句知识精讲第 37 页分类例句neither、nor代替上文内容，位于句首时，后边的内容部分倒装Tom wont go to the party, neither will I汤姆不去参加聚会，我也不去。here、there置于句首且主语为名词时，全部倒装Here comes the bus！汽车来了！so 代替上文的内容，位于句首时，后边的内容倒装Tom will go to the party, so will I汤姆将要去参加聚会，我也要参加。第 38 页分类例句not only.but also的 not only 放在句首，后接句子时要部

21、分倒装Not only did Tom buy a book, but also I bought one.不止汤姆买了一本书，我也买了一本。only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装Only then did I know the importance of English.那时我才知道英语的重要性。第 39 页做倒装句的相关试题时可用以下方法：1认准标志词。如“only状语”置于句首时，主句用部分倒装；not only引导的句子位于句首，那么该句用部分倒装。2分析题干的句意，确定是否用倒装结构以及使用肯定还是否定的倒装结构。方法指导第 40 页

22、【例题】Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages _ them well.Ayou can learnBcan you learnCyou learnedDdid you learn【答案】B【解析】这个句子属于“only状语”结构，所以句子要用部分倒装，故选B。第 41 页【跟进训练7】Only after liberation _ to be treated as human beings.Adid they beginBthey had begunCthey did beginDhad they begunA第 4

23、2 页1There be句型(1)there be句型与have的区别：there be表示存在，have表所属关系。(2)there be句型遵循“就近原则”。be动词的单复数形式要跟there be之后的第一个名词保持一致，如果第一个名词是单数或不可数名词，be动词用is/was；如果第一个名词是复数，用are/were。考点5There be句型和主谓一致知识精讲第 43 页(3)There be sb.doing sth.地点/时间：有某人在做某事。(4)there be句型的时态。there be句型时态的变化均体现在be动词上。(5)there be句型变为一般疑问句，把be动词提

24、至句首。(6)there be句型的时态及其肯定句句型结构第 44 页时态句型结构一般现在时There is/are.一般过去时There was/were.一般将来时There will be.There is/are going to be.现在完成时There have/has been.第 45 页2主谓一致(1)语法一致原则主语谓语例句可数名词单数或不可数名词单数The coffee is too hot.这咖啡太烫了。My book is on the desk.我的书在桌子上。复合不定代词单数Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行车

25、有什么毛病吗？Somebody wants to see you.有人想见你。each/every/either/neither单数名词单数Each girl has been invited to the tea party.每个女孩都被邀请出席茶话会。Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。第 46 页主语谓语例句one/each/either/every oneof复数名词或代词单数Every one of the students is studying hard.每个学生都在用功学习。One of the girls has been to America.其

26、中一个女孩去过美国。 动词不定式、动名词或从句单数Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。That he has many friends is a good thing.他有许多朋友是件好事。a kind/pair/glass of.单数There is a pair of shoes under the bed.床下有一双鞋。第 47 页主语谓语例句more than one单数名词，many a单数名词单数More than one student has seen the film.不止一个学生看过这部电影。Man

27、y a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.许多坚强的人遇到这种挑战都会动摇。复数名词或代词复数The boys play football after school.男孩们放学后踢足球。both/all(of)复数名词或代词复数Both my parents are doctors.我父母都是医生。All of the students enjoy listening to music.所有学生都喜欢听音乐。第 48 页主语谓语例句none/neither of复数名词或代词单数或复数None of them has/have fi

28、nished the work.他们当中没有人完成了工作。and或both. and.连接的并列主语复数Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.店里在打折出售咖啡和啤酒。the number of复数名词单数The number of the students in our school is over three thousand.我校学生的人数超过3000。a number of复数名词复数A number of famous people were invited to the party.许多名人被邀请参加聚会。第 49 页主语谓语例句

29、one or two复数名词复数One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoon.昨天下午有一两个学生在植树。one/a单数名词or two单数One student or two was late today.今天有一两个学生迟到。名词或代词with/along with/together with/as well as/like/but/except/besides/including/rather than名词或代词与前一个名词或代词的数保持一致The teacher with some students is goi

30、ng to see a film.老师和一些学生要去看电影。Mr.Brown as well as his two children likes swimming very much.布朗先生及他的两个孩子都非常喜欢游泳。All the students except Mike have come.除了迈克，所有的学生都来了。第 50 页主语谓语例句some/a lot/lots/plenty/most/ all/half/the rest/分数或百分数of名词与of后的名词的数保持一致Some of the students are from Shanghai.一些学生来自上海。Some o

31、f the water is polluted.一些水被污染了。分数/百分数名词与名词的数保持一致Two fifths of these students are boys.五分之二的学生是男生。第 51 页(2)意义一致原则主语谓语例句以s结尾的学科名称、书名、国名、人名单数Physics is difficult for me to learn.物理对我来说很难学。The United States was founded in 1776.美国成立于1776年。指同一个人或事物的并列结构单数The singer and dancer has been invited to the part

32、y.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了晚会。前后名词均有each/every/no等修饰的并列结构作主语单数Every desk and every chair in the classroom is new.教室里每张桌子和每把椅子都是新的。第 52 页主语谓语例句数学四则运算单数Three times three is nine.3乘3等于9。Seven and six makes thirteen.7加6等于13。时间、距离、重量、数目、价格、长度单数Ten miles isnt a long distance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。Three years isnt a short

33、time.三年的时间不算短。people、police、cattle(牛)、clothes等集体名词复数Most people think so.大多数人都这样认为。The police are looking for the missing child.警察正在寻找走失的小孩。第 53 页主语谓语例句family、team、class、group、government、company、crowd等表示整体时单数My family is a small one with three people.我家是一个只有三口人的小家庭。family强调成员时复数My family all like cl

34、assical music.我全家都喜欢古典音乐。“the国籍形容词”表示某国人复数The Chinese have been making paper for 2,000 years.中国人造纸已有两千年的历史。第 54 页主语谓语例句“the形容词”表示某类人复数The rich are not always happy.富人并不总是快乐的。population、the public表示概念单数The population of this village is larger than that of that one.这个村子里的人口比那个村子的人口多。population等强调具体的个体

35、时 单、复数均可Three fifths of the population here is/are workers.这里五分之三的人口是工人。第 55 页(3)就近一致原则主语 谓语例句.or./either.or./neither.nor./not only.but also./not.but.连接的并列主语与后一个主语的单复数保持一致Not only the doctor but also the nurses are worried about the young man.不仅医生，就连护士们都担心那个年轻人。Neither his children nor he himself wa

36、nts to go there.他的孩子还有他本人都不想去那里。第 56 页主语 谓语例句There/Here be .与最近的主语的单复数保持一致Here is a letter and some flowers for you.这里有给你的一封信和一些鲜花。There are some factories and a school in my hometown.在我的家乡有几家工厂和一所学校。第 57 页1考查主谓一致的题多半是让考生选择正确的谓语动词，所以在做题时首先找到主语，然后分析主语表示的是单数含义还是复数含义，最后根据具体的语境明确答案。方法指导第 58 页【例题】(上海)The

37、 twins _ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.AbeBamCisDare【答案】D【解析】主语是the twins，表示两个人，为复数，因此谓语动词用are。第 59 页【跟进训练8】 This pair of shoes _ me well，but the shoes _ expensive.Afit；areBfits；areCfits；isDfit；isB第 60 页2解答考查there be句型的题时，首先要注意there be句型中不能出现have，然后根据“就近原则”看空后的名词形式，从而决定be动词的形式。【例题】(20

38、19湖南湘西州)There _ a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me?Sure.Id love to.AisBhaveCare第 61 页【答案】A【解析】题干是there be句型，there be句型与have不能同时出现在一个句子中，排除B项；主语a book sale是单数，故be动词用is。【跟进训练9】(2020江苏宿迁)Mom, Im hungry.There_ some biscuits on the table. Enjoy them，please.AisBareChasDhaveB第

39、62 页1(2019攀枝花)_ story youve told us!Thank you.AWhat funnyBWhat a funnyCHow funnyDHow a funny四川中考真题精练B第 63 页2(2019凉山州)Whats in the picture on the wall?There _ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.AhasBareCisDhave3(2020遂宁)Tom hardly eats breakfast, _？Aisnt heBis heCdoesnt heDdo

40、es heCD第 64 页4(2019巴中)_ is the best movie theatre to go to?Town Cinema.AHow farBWhatCWhereDWhen5(2020达州)It was the Dragon Boat Festival last Sunday. I drove to the Lianhua Lake to watch the boat races. How exciting!_， but I didnt see you there.ASo I didBSo did ICSo do IDNeither did IBB第 65 页6(2020凉山

41、州)When I want to go out to play with my friend，my mother always says，“_at home.Dont waste your time.”AStayBStaysCTo stayDStaying7(2018达州)Zhang Yimou directed a wonderful show at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics.(改为感叹句)_ _ wonderful show Zhang Yimou directed at the closing ceremony of

42、 the 2018 Winter Olympics!AWhat a第 66 页8(2020达州)David can hardly speak Chinese. (改为反意疑问句)David can hardly speak Chinese, _ _？9(乐山改编)It will be 22 years since Hong Kong returned to China on July 1,1997.(对画线部分提问)_ _ years will it be since Hong Kong returned to China on July 1, 1997?10(达州)The little gi

43、rl put her things on the floor.(改为一般疑问句)_ the little girl _ her things on the floor?can heHow manyDidput第 67 页一、单项选择。1(2018江苏南京)_ is it from the Childrens Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom?About 10 minutes ride by bus.AHow soon BHow long CHow farDHow much2021年迎考特训C第 68 页2(2018江苏连云港)_ will

44、 the project of highspeed railway connecting Xuzhou to Lianyungang be completed?In about two years.AHow longBHow farCHow soonDHow oftenC第 69 页3(2020湖北鄂州)Shes never heard of Abing, _ she?_. She said that his piece, Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.Ais；Yes, she isBhas；Yes, she hasChasnt；No, she h

45、asntDisnt；No, she isnt4(2018江苏盐城)_ do you plan to buy?I havent made up my mind. Ill just look around.AWhoBHowCWhyDWhatBD第 70 页5(2019青海)_ a big clock on the wall?Yes，but it was broken in the earthquake.AHave you gotBDid you haveCWas there6(2018甘肃兰州)Only yesterday _ find out that his purse was lost.Ah

46、e was Bwas he Cdid he Dhe didCC第 71 页7(2019福建)There _ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.AisBareCbe8(2019甘肃兰州)In the near future, there _ selfdriving cars in our city.AisBwasCareDwill beAD第 72 页9(2019山东青岛)_ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.AWhatBWhat aCHow aDHow10(2

47、019黑龙江龙东地区)_ of the couple likes playing the instruments.But _ of them can play the violin well.AEither；bothBBoth；eitherCEither；neither AC第 73 页11(2019广东)_ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.AWhatBWhat aCWhat anDHowD第 74 页二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。1(2019重庆A卷)His grandparents live in Shangha

48、i.(对画线部分提问)_ _ his grandparents live?2(2020重庆B卷)Uncle Zhu is making a vegetable salad for dinner now.(对画线部分提问)_ _Uncle Zhu making for dinner now?Where doWhat is第 75 页3(2020重庆B卷)She often reads with her daughter in the evening.(改为否定句)She_often _with her daughter in the evening.4(江苏南通)The music by Tan Dun sounds