（人）版八年级英语下册1~5单元知识点归纳

1、 13/13 Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、短语归纳have a cold 感冒have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧have a cough 咳嗽have a toothache 牙痛have a headache 头痛have a sore back 背痛= have a backachehave a sore throat 喉咙痛talk too much 说得太多see a dentist 看牙医go to a doctor 看医生get an X-ray 拍X光lie down 躺下lie down and rest 躺下休息h

2、ave a rest 休息take a break 休息=take breakstake your temperature 量你的体温hurt herself 伤到她自己cut myself 切到我自己cut off 切除 cut down 砍到 cut up 切断 cut out 删除get off 下车make a decision 做决定to my surprise 令我惊讶的是on the weekend在周末=on weekendsin the same way 以相同的方式without thinking twice 毫不犹豫thanks to 多亏 thanks for 因而感（

3、+名词/动词ing）in time 及时 on time 按时save a life 挽救生命get into trouble 陷入麻烦right away 马上fall down 跌倒wait for 等待be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣give up 放弃二、用法集萃询问有什么病或有什么麻烦：What s the matter (with sb.)?疾病的表达：have/has a+疾病名称太多：too much +不可数名词； too many + 可数名词复数形式太：much too +形容词enough 足够的：形容词+enough enough

4、 +名词it is enough +to do sth.lie 躺下过去式：lay 现在分词：lyingsee sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行）see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（看见动作的全过程）expect to do sth. 期望做某事need to do sth. 需要做某事help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事tell sb. ( not ) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事agree to do sth.同意做某

5、事 disagree to do sth. 不同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的意见trouble问题；麻烦have trouble/problem doing sth. 做某事有困难介词+doing常见的介词有：at; for; with; without; in aboutbe/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事keep on doing sth. 继续做某事mind doing tsh. 介意做某事反身代词：myself我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己复数：ourselves

6、我们自己 yourselves 你们自己themselves他们自己knife-knives 刀名词复数规则变化：一般情况+s以e结尾+s以s、x、ch、sh结尾+es以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es以o结尾，有生命+es; 无生命+s以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v+es不规则变化：foot-feet脚、足 tooth-teeth 牙齿 man-men男人 woman-women女人 mouse-mice老鼠important重要的 importance 重要性different不同的difference 差异性death 死亡（名词） die 死（动词） dead 死的（形容词）三、书面表

7、达How to keep healthy如何保持健康Health is important. Everyonewants to be healthy. Let me tell you how to keep healthy.First of all, we should eat healthy food. We should eat more vegetables and fruit. We also need to drink milk. Secondly, we should exercise a lot. We should do some sports after school.Fin

8、ally, we should have enough sleep. To have a good rest, we should go to bed early and get up early. I think it is important for us to keep healthy.Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.短语归纳clean up 打扫干净 cheer up 使兴起来代词放中间give out 分发hand out 分发come up with 想出；提出（idea、plan等）put off 推迟 put on穿衣服 p

9、ut up 贴 put away 把收好call up 打；征召used to do sth. 曾经做某事 be used to ding sth.习惯于做某事lonely孤独的（常用于feel之后） alone 独自一人care for 照顾 take care ofa feeling of satisfaction 一种满足感try out 参加选拔raise money 募捐fix up修理give away 赠送（money、old clothes/books等） give up 放弃take after （外貌或行为）像be similar to 与相似set up 建立make a

10、 difference影响；有作用disabled people 残疾人make a plan 制定计划old peoples home 养老院help out with sth. 帮助解决困难a book lover 书迷at the age of 在岁时come true 实现（与dream连用）at the same time 同时homeless people 无家可归的人be worried about 为而担心 worry about 担心for example 例如run out of 用完notany more 不再 at once立刻；马上= right away二、用法集萃

11、volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事difficult 困难的 difficulty 困难have difficulty ( in ) doing sth.做某事有困难excited 兴奋的（人作主语） exciting 使人兴奋的（物作主语）口诀：人+ed 物+ing疑问词（how, what, where）to do decide to do sth. 决定做某事名词形式：decision make a decision 做决定learn to do sth. 学习做某事a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方法would like to do sth.= w

12、ant to do sth. 想要做某事thank you for sth./doing sth. 因某事/做某事而感kind善良的 kindness善意Unit3 Could you please clean your room?短语归纳do the dishes 清洗餐具take out the rubbish 倒垃圾fold the clothes 叠衣服 fold my/your/his clothessweep the floor 扫地make the bed 铺床 make my/your/his bedclean the living room 打扫客厅help out with

13、 sth. 帮助解决某事at least 至少come over 过来；顺便来访in front of 在前面take the dog for a walk 遛狗all the time 一直as soon as 一就in surprise 惊讶地hang out 闲逛do chores 做家务a waste of time 浪费时间in order to 为了get good grades取得好成绩depend on 依靠take care of = care for= look after照顾as a result 结果fall ill 生病用法集萃finish doing sth.完成做

14、某事if 如果（主将从现，if后为从句，用一般现在时）；是否（位于动词之后）as soon as 一就. 主将从现，as soon as后为从句reply angrily 生气地回答（副词修饰动词，一般位于动词之后）a beautiful dog一只漂亮的狗（形容词修饰，名词，位于名词前）口诀：形名动副be angry with sb. 生某人的气as+形容词原级+as 和一样neither did I我也没有neither + be动词/助动词（do/does/did）/情态动词+主语“主语也不.”so + be动词/助动词（do/does/did）/情态动词+主语“主语也”can-coul

15、d 可以 can, could还可以表示请求，could比can更有礼貌肯定回答：Sure. /Of course. / No problem. / Yes, sure.否定回答：No, you cant. / Sorry, I cant. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事borrowfrom跟借（借进来） lendto把借给. （借出去）invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事help with sth. help sb. ( to ) do tsh. 帮助做某事have time to do sth. 有时间做某事 have no time to do

16、 sth.没时间做某事let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事spend花费人+spend+时间+on sth/doing sth 在某事上花时间/花时间做某事cost花费物+cost+金钱某物花了多少钱take(took )花费 It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do . 做某事花了某人多少时间pay for 付费it is + adj ( for sb. ) + to do sth. 做某事对某人而言是的fair 公平的 unfair 不公平的 fairness公平性do ones part in doing sth. 尽

17、自己的职责做某事the + 比较级， the + 比较级越. 越比较级 and 比较级越越the earlierthe better 越早越好better and better 越来越好Unit4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、短语归纳talk to /with sb. 与某人交谈 talk about sth. 谈论某事free time 空闲时间allow ab. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事hang out 闲逛get into a fight 争吵；打架so that 为了；以便于look

18、through 浏览；快速查看work out 成功地发展；解决get on with/get along with和睦相处communicate with sb. 与某人交谈a big deal 重要的事compete with sb. 与某人竞争exam skills 应试技巧cut out 删除comparewith比较not.until 直到才argue with sb. 与某人争吵no problem 没问题not.anymore 不再in my opinion 依我看thanks for 因而感all kinds of 各种各样的worry about 为而担心= be worri

19、ed about二、用法集萃提建议句型：You should / shouldnt do sth.How / What about doing sth.?Why dont you do sth.?Why not do sth.?Shall we do sth.?Lets do sth.Youd better do sth.Would you mind doing sth.?常见回答：Good idea./ Sounds interesting./ Id like to./ Great.否定：Id love to, but I have to/ Sorry, I cant.be angry wi

20、th sb. 生某人的气although/though 虽然不与but连用advice 建议（不可数名词）refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事instead 代替；反而（位于句首或句尾） instead of 代替（位于句中）offer to help 提供帮助mind doing sth. 介意做某事continue to do /doing ath. 继续做某事keep on doing sth. 继续做某事a few 一些（肯定） few 一点点（否定）修饰可数名词复数形式a little 一些（肯定）little一点点（否定）修饰不可数名词做题步骤：先看横线后的名词，判断可数

21、还是不可数；其次，理解句子表达的肯定还是否定its time for sth. 该做某事了=its time to do pete竞争（动词） competition 竞争（名词）have time to do sth.有时间做某事Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?短语归纳go off 闹钟发出响声rain heavily 下大雨pick up 接；采摘at first 起先fall asleep 进入梦乡die down 逐渐变弱have a look 看一看make ones way 费力地前进in silence 沉默ta

22、ke down 拆除；往下拽；记录at the time of 当.的时候wait for 等待at that time 在那时（一般过去时标志词）wake up 醒来go shopping 去购物take a shower 洗澡in a mess 乱七八糟for example 例如make sure 确保二、用法集萃过去进行时定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。构成：was/ were +动词ing否定形式：wasnt = was not werent = were not标志词：at this time yesterday, at nine last night等when

23、/ while “当的时候”用法区别：when + 延续/ 非延续动词，其后常跟一般过去时while + 延续动词，其后常跟过去进行时begin (began) 开始 begin to do sth. 开始做某事report 报道 reporter 记者sleep 睡觉 sleepy 瞌睡的 asleep 睡着的true 真的 truly 真正地 truth 事实either 也不（否定句句末） too 也（肯定句句末） also 也（肯定句句中）help with sth. 在某方面需要帮助it is + adj. (for sb. ) + to do sth. 对某人而言，做某事是.的表时

24、间：in + 年份、月份、季节、早中晚等不具体时间on + 星期、日期等具体时间at + 时间点so that. 如此.以至于（so + 形容词或副词）be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事冠词：a, an, the, /an: 用于字母a, e, i, o 前；字母u读作/ ju /时，用a, 其他发音用an.the: 双方都知道的人或事物；特指前文已经提到过得人或事物；世界上独一无二的事物；西洋乐器前；形容词最高级前；序数词前；用在形容词前表一类人；/: 一日三餐、学科、棋类、球类前。用所给词的适当形式填空考点：名词、动词、形容词、数词名词：判断名词为可数还是不可数；不可数直接填原形；可数名词看句子表达的单数还是复数，找出依据。注意名词复数不规则变化