《空间数据库概论》教学大纲

1、空间数据库概论（双语）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)教学大纲课程名称Course Name：空间数据库概论（双语）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)课程编码Course Code：1302ZY044课程类别/性质Course Type：专业/选修Elective Course学分Credits：2.0总学时Total Hours：32/24/8开课单位Department：地球科学学院School of Geosciences适用专业Major Applied：地理信息科学Geo

2、graphical Information Science先修课程Prerequisites：地理信息系统原理Principles of Geographic Information System、数据库原理与应用Database Principles & Applications一、课程简介 Course Introduction空间数据库概论是一门地理信息科学专业的专业选修课。本课程介绍空间数据库的基本知识和基本原理。本课程的主要内容涵盖国内外数据库理论的起源、发展与主要方向，以及空间数据相关的数学基础知识，空间信息模型、存贮管理相关的结构表达与操作算法。通过本课程的学习，要求学生对各种空

3、间数据的存贮和管理技术有较全面的了解，具备针对空间数据库的设计与实现、理论与方法体系全面地理解和应用的能力。除专业知识外，通过穿插讲解国产地理空间数据库的特性和优势，激发学生的爱国热情，增强学生的民族自豪感和自信心，进而为从事GIS应用系统及其数据库的工作研究打下基础。保证学生达成专业的相应毕业要求。The course “Introduction to Spatial Database” is a elective course for the major of Geographic Information Science. This course introduces the basic

4、knowledge and principles of spatial database. The main content of this course covers the origin, development and main direction of database theory, as well as the basic mathematical knowledge related to spatial data, spatial information model, structure expression and operation algorithm related to

5、storage management.After learning this course, students will have a more comprehensive understanding of various spatial data storage and management techniques, and have the ability to comprehensively understand and apply the design and implementation of spatial database, theory and method system. In

6、 addition to the professional knowledge, the characteristics and advantages of the domestic geospatial database are introduced to stimulate students patriotic enthusiasm, enhance students national pride and self-confidence, and thus make a foundation for the research of GIS application system and it

7、s database. To ensure that students meet the graduation requirements of their major.二、课程教学目标 Course Objective通过本课程的学习，使学生掌握空间数据库的基本原理、设计实现等一系列技术应用体系，树立尊重客观规律、实事求是、严谨求实的优良作风。授课过程采用中英文相结合，既要让学生理解和消化课程内容，又要让学生熟悉和适应英语教学方式和环境。为后续相关专业课程学习，以及毕业后从事实际生产或科学研究打下坚实基础。After learning this course, students can mas

8、ter the basic principles of spatial database, design and implementation of a series of technical application systems, except that establish a fine style of respecting objective laws, seeking truth from facts, and rigorous and realistic. The teaching process uses a combination of Chinese and English,

9、 which not only allows students to understand and digest the contents of the course, but also allows students to be familiar with and adapt to the English teaching environment. It will lay a solid foundation for the subsequent study of relevant professional courses, practical production and scientif

10、ic research after graduation.价值目标（或称育人目标）Value Aim：培养学生尊重客观数据的职业精神和严谨、求实的科学态度，使学生在获得专业知识的同时，也受到思想品德的熏陶。Cultivate students professional spirit of respecting objective, rigorous and realistic attitude toward science, so that students can not only acquire professional knowledge, but also influenced by

11、ideology and moral character. 知识和能力目标Teaching Foundational Requirements：（1）理解空间数据的基本表达和组织形式（毕业要求：7.3）；（2）掌握空间数据库设计基本步骤和方法（毕业要求：7.3）；（3）熟练掌握空间数据的采集和编辑（毕业要求：9.1）；（4）具有利用空间数据库解决实际问题的能力（毕业要求：9.1）。（1）Understand the basic representation and organization of spatial data (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（2）Mas

12、ter the basic design steps for spatial database (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（3）Proficient in spatial data collection and editing (Graduation requirement: 9.1);（4）The ability of using spatial database to solve practical problems (Graduation requirement: 9.1).三、课程教学内容及学时分配 Distribution of Teaching C

13、ontent and Class Hours课堂教学包括课堂教学、课堂研讨、课堂及课后习题三部分，包5章的理论教学和4个实验内容。课内理论教学24学时、实验8学时（详见本大纲第四部分）。课堂理论教学内容、要求及学时分配如下：Teaching content consists of three parts: classroom teaching, classroom discussion, exercises in class and after class, including 5 chapters of theoretical teaching and 4 practices. There

14、are 24 class hours of theoretical teaching and 8 class hours of practice (As shown in the fourth part of the syllabus for details). The contents, requirements and class hours are as follows:章节内容Contents思政融入点Ideological and political point要求requirement学时Class hour支撑毕业要求指标点Graduation requirement point

15、理解Understand掌握Master分析与应用Analysis and Application前言Introduction课程的性质和任务，以及学习方法Course tasks and learning methods教育学生在地理信息工程实践中理解并遵守工程职业道德和规范，履行责任。Teaching students to understand and abide engineering professional ethics and fulfill the responsibilities of geographic information engineering.中Medium中Me

16、dium低Low11.3第一章绪论Introduction第一节空间数据库的需求Requirements介绍我国地理空间数据库的发展历程，提升学生的专业认同感。Introduce the development of geospatial database of China to enhance students sense of career.高High高High高High31.4第二节定义Definition高High中Medium低Low第三节数据库历史History中Medium中Medium低Low第四节DBMSDBMS高High中Medium低Low第五节各种各样的数据库Datab

17、ases中Medium中Medium低Low第六节什么是GISWhat is GIS高High中Medium低Low第七节GIS特征Characteristics高High中Medium低Low第二章数据库基础Database fundamentals第一节基本概念Basic concepts融入国产数据库的介绍，增强学生的自豪感。Integrate the introduction of domestic database to enhance students sense of pride.高High中Medium低Low47.3第二节概念数据建模Conceptual data model

18、ing高High高High中Medium第三节关系模型Relational model高High高High高High第四节面向对象模型OOM高High高High高High第五节实现Implementation高High高High高High第三章空间概念Spatial concept第一节空间的定义Spatial definition在讲授数学理论概念中穿插介绍我国古今的杰出数学家及其提出的理论成果，加深学生理解的同时为其树立杰出榜样。During teaching mathematical concepts, introducing outstanding mathematicians of

19、China, so as to deepen students understanding and set outstanding examples for them. 高High高High中Medium47.3第二节欧式空间Euclid space高High高High中Medium第三节几何模型Geometric model高High高High中Medium第四节拓扑关系Topology高High高High中Medium第五节网络Network高High高High中Medium第六节度量Measurement高High高High中Medium第四章空间信息模型Spatial informat

20、ion model第一节建模过程Modeling选取若干中国学者在国际顶级期刊发表的空间信息模型综合讲授，扩展学生的眼界。Select and teach a number of Chinese scholars work published in the top journals of spatial information model to expand the vision of students. 高High中Medium高High47.3第二节基于场的模型Field model高High中Medium中Medium第三节基于对象的模型Object-based model高High中M

21、edium中Medium第五章空间表征和算法Representation and algorithms第一节地理数据计算Geographic calculation结合国产空间数据库实例，演示对应模块功能，令学生更加了解我国的空间数据库产品。Combine with the example of domestic spatial database, demonstrate the function of corresponding modules, so that students can know more about Chinas spatial database products.高Hi

22、gh高High中Medium47.3第二节离散欧式平面Sparse Euclid surface高High高High中Medium第三节基于场模型的覆盖Coverage based on field高High中Medium中Medium第四节矢量数据结构Vector structure高High高High中Medium第五节几何算法Geometric algorithm高High高High中Medium第六节矢量/栅格转换Vector/Raster conversion高High高High中Medium第七节网络Network高High高High中Medium第八节空间数据结构和存取方法Spa

23、tial data structures and access高High高High中Medium第六章空间数据库设计Spatial database design第一节 GIS数据库设计过程GIS database design process介绍历届空间数据库课设的优秀案例，提高学生项目实践的积极性。The excellent cases of previous spatial database courses are introduced to improve students enthusiasm in project practice. 高High高High高High49.1第二节GI

24、S数据库标准GIS database standard高High高High中Medium第三节GIS 数据库实现GIS database implementation高High高High高High第四节GIS 数据质量保证和控制Quality assurance and control高High高High中Medium注：在“要求”栏内以高、中、低来表示对学生学习程度的要求，高为最高要求。理解指能对所学的内容作归纳、分类、解释、总结、推断和一定程度的发挥。掌握指能理解学习材料的内涵和意义，包括具体分类、区别、流程、误区等的认知和学习。可以借助三种形式来表明对材料的领会，一是转换，即用自己的话或

25、用与原先表达方式不同的方式表达自己的思想；二是解释，即对一项信息加以说明或概述；三是推断，即估计将来的趋势（预期的后果）。分析指能将所学的内容分解并找出它们的相互关系和构成，或能计划、创造、建造或有改变的重构。应用指能将学习材料用于新的具体情境，包括原则、方法、技巧、规律的拓展，代表较高水平的学习成果。应用需要建立对知识点掌握的基础上。Note: in the requirements column, high, medium and low indicate the requirements for students learning level, and high is the highe

26、st requirement. Understanding refers to the ability to summarize, classify, explain, summarize, infer and give play to the learned content to a certain extent. Master means being able to understand the connotation and significance of learning materials, including cognition and learning of specific c

27、lassifications, differences, processes, misunderstandings, etc. Three forms can be used to show the understanding of materials. One is transformation, that is, express your thoughts in your own words or in a way different from the original expression; The second is explanation, that is, to explain o

28、r summarize a piece of information; The third is inference, that is, to estimate the future trend (expected consequences). Analysis refers to the ability to decompose the learned content and find out their relationship and composition, or to plan, create, build or change the reconstruction. Applicat

29、ion refers to the ability to apply learning materials to new specific situations, including the expansion of principles, methods, skills and laws, representing a high level of learning achievements. The application needs to be based on the mastery of knowledge points.四、上机内容与学时分配 Distribution of Prac

30、tice Content and Class Hours通过实验教学帮助学生巩固课堂学习的理论知识，将理论与实践有机结合，更好的理解和掌握空间信息理论及其处理技术，提高理论水平与计算机动手能力。通过学生自己动手操作和设计相关实验，培养学生实践动手能力、创新能力和解决相关专业实际应用问题的能力。The practice is used to consolidate the theoretical knowledge learned in class, organically combine theory with practice, better understand and master sp

31、atial information theory and its processing technology, and improve the theoretical level and computer practical ability. Through students hands-on operation and design of related experiments, students practical and hands-on ability, innovative ability and the ability to solve the practical applicat

32、ion problems of related majors are improved.实验项目与类型Practice Items and Types序号SN实验项目Practice Items实验类型Practice type学时Class hour支撑毕业要求指标点Graduation requirement point演示Demonstration验证Validation综合Synthetic设计Design1空间数据的表达和组织Representation and organization of spatial data27.32空间数据的存储结构The storage structu

33、re of spatial data27.33空间数据库的设计Design of spatial database29.14空间数据库的建立Establishment of spatial database29.1上机一空间数据的表达和组织2学时Practice 1 Representation and organization of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握ARCGIS中的数据类型。Master the data types in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS所支持的数据种类。Data ty

34、pes supported by ARCGIS.（3）主要上机软硬件环境（3）Software and hardware environment软件：Windows10操作系统，ARCGIS软件。硬件：CPU i5，内存8G，硬盘1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要点（4）Essentials各种数据类型的特征和内涵。The characteristics and connotations of various data types.（5）上机内容（5）Practice cont

35、entsARCGIS中的数据表达和组织。Data representation and organization in ARCGIS.上机二空间数据的存储结构 2学时Practice 2 The storage structure of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose理解ARCGIS中的数据存储类型。Understand the type of data storage in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS中的数据存储类型的存取方法。The access method of data storage ty

36、pe in ARCGIS.（3）主要上机软硬件环境（3）Software and hardware environment软件：Windows10操作系统，ARCGIS软件。硬件：CPU i5，内存8G，硬盘1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要点（4）Essentials现实世界中要素对应的数据结构及存储方法。The data structure and storage method corresponding to the elements in the real world.

37、（5）上机内容（5）Practice contentsShape文件的基本结构；Shape文件数据的直接读取。The basic structure of the shape file; direct reading shape file data.上机三空间数据库的设计 2学时Practice 3 Design of Spatial Database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握GeoDatabase的设计方法。Master the design method of GeoDatabase.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleGeodatabase的设计

38、原理。The design principle of Geodatabase.（3）主要上机软硬件环境（3）Software and hardware environment软件：Windows10操作系统，ARCGIS软件。硬件：CPU i5，内存8G，硬盘1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要点（4）Essentials现实世界与模型世界的抽象方法。Abstract methods of the real world and the model world.（5）上机内容（5）

39、Practice contentsGeodatabase数据库的设计。Design of Geodatabase Database.上机四空间数据库的建立2学时Practice 4 Establishment of spatial database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose选择一个具体问题，按照空间数据库的建立步骤，建立一个实际的空间数据库。Choose a specific question and follow the steps to build a spatial database to build an actual spatial databas

40、e.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS的空间数据库建立步骤。The establishment steps of ARCGIS spatial database.（3）主要上机软硬件环境（3）Software and hardware environment软件：Windows10操作系统，ARCGIS软件。硬件：CPU i5，内存8G，硬盘1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要点（4）Essentials数据类型的组合与划分。Combination and division of data types.（5）上机内容（5）Practice conte