中国菜肴的翻译(教案)解读

1、 中国菜肴的翻译（教案）plainrice白饭chicken鸡肉prawn明虾ricenoodles米粉duck鸭肉lobster龙虾beancurd豆腐abalone鲍鱼shrimp小虾pork猪肉saltedjellyfish海蜇皮preservedmeat腊肉beef牛肉seacucumber海参crabmeat蟹肉mutton羊肉seaweed海带frog田鸡rabbitmeat/conymeat兔肉sharkfin鱼翅egg鸡蛋二中国菜常用辅料lard猪油fennel茴香soysauce酱油salt盐gourmetpowder味精essenceofchicken鸡精sauce酱sug

2、ar糖paprika红椒vinegar醋mustard芥茉scallops干贝chili辣椒tomatoketchup/sauce番茄酱curry咖喱garlic蒜barbequesauce沙茶酱pepper胡椒garlicbulb蒜头caviar鱼子酱scallion,leek青葱,韭菜chive,shallot葱seasoning调味品ginger姜peanutoil花生油三中国菜常用蔬菜：mustardleaf芥菜tomato番茄,西红柿needlemushroom金针菇lettuce生菜onion洋葱buttonmushroom草菇spinach菠菜asparagus芦笋champig

3、non香菇caraway香菜cucumber黄瓜driedmushroom冬菇hair-likeseaweed发菜eggplant茄子agarics木耳bambooshoot竹笋potato马铃薯whitefungus白木耳driedbambooshoot笋干carrot胡萝卜taro芋头chives韭黄pumpkin西葫芦,南瓜yam山芋cabbage圆白菜,卷心菜melon香瓜,甜瓜pea豌豆leek韭菜loofah丝瓜stringbean四季豆celery芹菜bittergourd苦瓜greensoybean毛豆lettuce莴苣radish萝卜beansprout豆芽materconv

4、olvulus空心菜greenpepper青椒soybeansprout黄豆芽driedlilyflower金针菜lotusroot莲藕mungbeansprout绿豆芽cauliflower菜花,花椰菜mushroom蘑菇四中国菜常见小吃及开胃菜steamedbread馒头saltedduckegg咸鸭蛋plainnoodle阳春面meatbun肉包子omelets煎蛋卷barbecuedpork叉烧soya-beanmilk豆浆poachedegg荷包蛋milletcongee小米粥shao-mai烧麦scrambleeggs炒蛋teameddumpling蒸饺preservedbeanc

5、urd腐乳crispyrice锅巴ravioli/wonton馄饨pickledcucumbers酱瓜gruel,softrice,porridge粥friedporkflakes肉松preservedegg皮蛋noodleswithgravy打卤面fermentedblankbean豆豉driedbeefslices牛肉片riceglueball元宵ricecake年糕driedporkslices猪肉片gluepudding汤圆driedbeancurd豆腐干driedturnip萝卜干frieddumpling煎贴deep-friedflourstick油条springroll春卷bea

6、ncurdwithodor臭豆腐五中国菜常见刀工：切/削：cutting去骨：boning腌：pickling/salting切片：slicing去皮：skinning/peeling浸/泡：marinating切丝：shredding刮鳞：scaling去壳：shelling切碎：mincing剁末：mashing斩/剁块：chopping切丁：dicing刻/雕：carving切柳：filleting酿：stuffing六中国菜常用烹调方法：炒：stir-frying烧：braisinggrilling/roasting/basting煎：pan-frying煮：boiling白灼：sca

7、lding爆：quick-frying蒸：steaming卤：spicing炸：deep-frying炖/煨/焖：simmering/拌：mixing干炸：drydeep-fryingstewing涮：instant-boiling软炸：softdeep-frying熏：smoking酥炸：crispdeep-frying烘/烤：baking/broiling/七中国菜肴名称的翻译方法：（一）以主料开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料（形状）+（with）辅料例：杏仁鸡丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西红柿炒蛋Scrambled

8、eggwithtomato2介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料（形状）+（with,in）味汁例：芥末鸭掌duckwebswithmustardsauce葱油鸡chickeninScallionoil米酒鱼卷fishrollswithricewine（二）以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料（形状）例：软炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤乳猪roastsucklingpig炒鳝片Stir-friedeelslices2介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料（形状）+（with）辅料例：仔姜烧鸡条braisedchickenfilletwithtend

9、erginger3介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料（形状）+（with,in）味汁例：红烧牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce鱼香肉丝friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清炖猪蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup注：如果菜中有汤，在翻译时要根据菜中汤料的多少区别对待。通常采用两种模式翻译如果汤少，仅是汁状，则：主料with汤汁如：茄汁牛肉FriedBeefwithTomatoSauce如果汤多呈稀汤状，则：主料in稀汤如：卤炸乳鸽子Deep-friedPigeoninSpicedSauce （三）以形状或口感开

10、头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的形状（口感）和主料、辅料公式：形状（口感）+主料+（with）辅料例：芝麻酥鸡crispchickenwithsesame陈皮兔丁dicedrabbitwithorangepeel时蔬鸡片slicedchickenwithseasonalvegetables2介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crispfriedspareribs水煮嫩鱼tenderstewedfish香煎鸡块fragrantfriedchicken3介绍菜肴的形状（口感）、主料和味汁公式：形状（口感）+主料+（with）味汁例：茄汁鱼片slicedfishwithtomato

11、sauce椒麻鸡块cutletschickenwithhotpepper黄酒脆皮虾仁crispshrimpswithricewinesauce（四）以人名或地名开头的翻译方法介绍菜肴的创始人（发源地）和主料公式：人名（地名）+主料例：麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水饺Sichuanboileddumpling介绍菜肴的创始人（发源地）、烹法和主料公式：人名（地名）+烹法+主料例：东坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鸭BeijingRoastDuck在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如，川菜中的“宫保鸡丁

12、”这道菜就有以下几种译法：sauteedchickencubeswithpeanutsGongbaochickencubesdicedchickenwithchiliandpeanuts（五）如果菜中配有中草药，事实上因为外国人并不太懂得各种草药的实际作用，对于他们而言，中国的草药都是具有神奇效用的，所以不妨将各种草药一律翻译为ChineseHerbs如：天麻炖鸡：StewedChickenwithChineseHerbs由此可见，中餐菜名的英译方法是灵活多变的。至于我们在翻译中最终采用哪种方法，则可根据各人的习惯和具体情况确定。不过根据一般经验，只要掌握了第一种以主料开头的翻译方法，对其它种

13、类的翻译方法便可以触类旁通，我们只需根据文中所列出的翻译公式去相应作一些交换就行了。中餐英文菜谱全体乳猪Roastwholesucklingpig特色五福拼盘Specialfivevarieties.葡国碳烧肉Portugueseroastpork脆皮靓烧鸡Crispychicken湛江皇后水晶鸡ZhanjiangCrystalchicken金牌回香鸡Goldentastychicken盐香脆皮鸡Saltycrispychicken高州葱油先鸡GaozhoustyleshallotfavourChicken蜜汁碳烧叉烧Honeycharcoalpork碳烧靓排骨Charcoalsparerib

14、s骨香乳鸽Tastybabypigeon锦绣烧味拼盘Assortedbarbecuemeat新派卤水拼盘Newstylesoysaucestewedmeat新派卤水掌翼Newstylesoysaucestewedgoosewingandfeet新派卤水大肠头Newstylesoysaucestewedpigsintestine新派卤水肚仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpigsstomach新派卤水脚仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpigshoof盐焗肾片Bakedsaltychickenkidney凉拌海蜇Marinatedcoldjellyfish刀拍黄瓜Mari

15、natedcoldcucumber小食类Entree日式海蜇JapanesestyleJellyFish日式八爪鱼JapanesestyleOctopus凉拌青瓜Marinatedcoldcucumber凉拌粉皮Marinatedcoldbeanpasty蒜香肾片Garlictastekidney蒜香猪耳仔Garlictastepigsear麻辣凤爪Spicyhotchickenfeet琥珀核桃DeepfriedwalnutinSyrup特别介绍SpecialRecommendation泰汁银雪鱼CodfishinThaisauce甜麦豆炒带子北极贝Stirfrysweetbeanscallo

16、ps脆皮咸猪手SaltytastecrispytrotterXO酱爆花枝片XOSoySauceFryFlowerBranchPieces芦笋蚌肉鸽片Stirfrybonelesspigeon,musselandasparagus盐焗猪肚BakedsaltypigsstomachXO酱爆生肠StirfryintestinesinXOsauce辣子鸡Stirfrychickenwithhotchili酥炸百花球Crispyfryflowerball酱爆竹肠Stirfryintestineswithbeansauce黑椒蝴蝶骨Frysphenoidwithblackpepper剁椒鱼咀Stirfry

17、fishheadwithhotchili红葱头蒸鸡Braisechickenwithshallot沙锅鱼头煲Braisefishheadclaypot爆野兔Stirfryrabbit京葱爆驼峰肉Stirfrycamelhumpwithshallot西芹腰果核桃肉Stirfrycelery,cashewandwalnut鲍汁百灵菇鹅肠Stirfrymushroomandgooseintestineinabalonesauce椒盐排骨Spicyspareribs剁椒鱼咀StirFryfishmouthwithchoppedpepper尖椒猪肚StirfryPigsStomachwithhotchi

18、li罗定豆豉鸡Luodingstylebraisechickeninbeansauce辣子鸡丁Stirfrychickendiceswithhotchili鲍汁百灵菇Stirfrymushroomwithabalonesauce红葱头猪俐Stirfrypigngsuetwoithonion盐焗肾片SaltKidneyPieces蒜香骨Garlictastyspareribs栗干炆鸡Stewchickenwithchestnut川汁鸡球Sichuanstylechickenmeatball酱爆双脆Soysaucefrydoublecracking水煮牛肉Poachbeefwithhotchili

19、鲜鱿让鲮鱼胶Squidwithfishstuffing豆腐鱼头煲BoilFishHeadwithbeancurd豉汁蒸排骨/鱼Steamspareribs/fishwithblackbeansauce豉油王鹅肠Stirfrygooseintestineswithsoysauce姜葱爆牛肉Stirfrybeefwithgingerandshallot黑椒炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithblackpepper茶树菇蒸牛柳Steambeefandmushroom酱爆牛柳Stirfrybeefinbeansauce剁椒鱼头Stirfryfishheadwithchoppedhotchili生炒骨/

20、酸甜排骨Sweetandsourspareribs老坛子Oldcrock海味什锦煲Stewseafoodcombinationinclaypot泰式凤爪Thailandstylechickenfeet回锅肉Sichuanstylestewpork梅菜蒸肉片Steamportwithpreservedvegetable西汁鸡扒Chickenwithwesternsauce鲜淮山炆排骨Stewspareribswithyam翠玉兰花Stirfrybroccoli酸茄黄金酿Brewsweetandsoureggplant双菇扒菜胆略Stirfrymushrooms牛肉炒蛋Stirfrybeefand

21、egg凉瓜炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithbittermelon竹笙酿玉液BrewbambooShootwithwine金华娃娃菜Stirfrybabycabbage尖椒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithhotchili芦笋炒牛肉Stirfrybeefandasparagus西兰花超鱿鱼Stirfrysquidandbroccoli西芹炒腊味StirfrypreservedhamandceleryXO酱爆鱿鱼StirfrysquidinXOsauce韭菜花炒银鱼Stirfrywhitebaitwithchives土豆炒肉片Stirfryporkwithpotato煲淋大芥菜Leafmust

22、ardinsoup三色蒸蛋Steameggs丝瓜炒肉片/猪肝/猪什Stirfrypork/liver/bowelswithgourd潮式大芥菜肉碎Chaozhoustylemustardleafandmincedpork豆豉鲮鱼炒时蔬Stirfryfishandvegetableinblackbeansauce节瓜虾米粉丝煲Stewdriedshrimps,vermicelliandmeloninclaypot凉瓜炒肉片Stirfryporkwithbittermelon酸豆角炒肉碎Stirfrymincedporkwithpicklebean菜甫煎蛋Fryeggwithvegetable榨菜

23、肉丝韭黄Stirfryporkwithpicklevegetableandleek上汤油菜Boilvegetableinchickenstock盐水菜芯Boilvegetableinsaltywater广州炒饭GuangzhouFryRice白玉藏珍Treasureshidesinjwhdte麻婆豆腐Sichuanstylebeancurd凉瓜炒蛋FryEggswithbittenmelon炒油菜Stirfryvegetable茄子煲Steweggplantclaypot蒜蓉炒丝瓜Stirfrygourdwithgarlic虎皮尖椒TigerSkinfrypepper辣椒圈炒蛋Stirfrye

24、gginhotchili酸辣土豆丝Chiliandsourpotato干炒牛河Dryfryricenoodleswithbeef肉片炒面Stirfrynoodleswithpork斋汤面Vegetariannoodlesoup豆豉爆辣椒圈Stirfryhotchiliwithbeansauce老火例汤Soupoftheday豆腐鱼头汤Fishheadandbeancurdsoup番茄豆腐汤Tomatoandbeancurdsoup紫菜蛋花汤Laverandeggsoup椰子炖鸡Braisechickenincoconut土茯苓煲龟Tortoisewithtuckahoesoup单尾品种Snac

25、ksandDesserts榴莲酥DurianCrispNosh叉烧酥BarbecuedPorkCrispNosh萝卜酥TurnipCrispNosh蛋挞Eggcustardnosh咸甜薄撑Salt/Sweetpancake潮式煎饼Chaozhoustylepancake番茨饼Sweetpotatopancake黄金饼Goldencake葱油饼Shallotpancake香煎生肉包Friedmincedporkbun鸳鸯馒头Assortedsteamedbun炸馒头Friedbun梅菜扣肉porkwithpreservedvegetable咸鱼蒸肉饼steamedmincedporkwithsa

26、ltfish酱炸里脊丁sautedicedporkfilletwithbrownsauce鲜笋火腿hamwithfreshbambooshoots红烧猪蹄braisedporkleg麻辣猪肚pigtripewithchilisauce双片锅巴slicedmeatandliverwithfriedricecrust豆豉排骨porkchopswithbeansauce糖醋排骨porkchopswithsweetandsoursauce宫保肉丁sauteporkcubeletswithhotpepper麻辣白肉meatwithcayennepepper红烧蹄筋braisedporktendons红烧

27、狮子头meatballsbraisedwithbrownsauce糖粉酥肉friedcrispporksliceswithsugarpowder烤乳猪roastedsucklingpig脆皮锅酥肉friedcrisppork腐乳炖肉stewedporkwithpreservedbeancurd红烧扣肉braisedporkslicesinsoysauce葱爆肉quick-friedporkandscallions咕噜肉sweetandsourpork荷叶粉蒸肉steamedporkwithriceflavorinlotusleaves回锅肉doublecookedporkslices陈皮牛肉b

28、eefwithorangepeel烤羊肉串muttonshashlik涮羊肉rinse-mutton/muttonslicesrinsedinchafingdish红烧羊肉muttonbraisedinbrownsauce汤类：清汤consomme羹chowder老火汤double-stewedsoup连锅汤porkandradishsoup三鲜汤threefreshdelicaciessoup五滋汤five-flavoredmuttonsoup鱼翅汤sharksfinsoup干贝汤scallopsoup八珍蛇羹snakepotagewitheightdelicacies八宝冬瓜盅stewed

29、whitegourdsoupwitheightingredients人参炖乌鸡ginsengandblackhensoup紫菜蛋花汤lavereggsoup竹笋鲜蘑汤soupwithbambooshootsandfreshmush清炖冬菇汤mushroomsoup庐山石耳汤Mt.Lushanstonefungussoup火鸭芥菜汤slicedroast芦笋鸡茸汤mashedchickenandasparagussoup豆苗鞭蓉蛋汤consommeofsnoweggwithbeansprouts锦江拼盆horsdoeuversJinjiangstyle蝴蝶冷盆butterfly-shapedap

30、petizer什锦冷盘assortedappetizer太极八卦eight-diagram-shapedappetizer卤鸡珍肝spicedchickenliverandgizzard卤牛肉shreddedboiledporkmeat卤鸡杂spicychickengiblets盐水鸭肫saltedduckgizzards鸭翅膀duckwingtips拌鸭掌coldduckweb芥末鸭掌duckflipperswithmustardsauce五香花生仁spicedpeanuts开洋炝刀豆sauteswordbeanswithdriedshrimps泡辣菜pickledhotvegetables

31、冷拌粉皮coldvermicelliwithmustardandmeatshreds醉蟹winepreservedcrabs咸水虾boiledshrimpswithsalt红油肚片slicedporktripeinhotchilioil糟鸡chickenpickledinfermentedricewinesauce烧鸭（鹅）roastduck/goose怪味鸡multi-flavorchicken麻辣牛肉条spicedbeef白切肉mixedmeatinaspic什锦肉冻sautemeatandvegetable五香凤爪marinatedchickenfeet五香酱鸡spicedmarinat

32、edchicken芥末鸡皮chickenskinwithmustardsauce鸡丝粉皮chickensliceswithbeanjellysheets辣味麻酱鸡翅chickensingswithchilisauceandsesamepaste拌烤鸭丝roastduckshredinsauce麻酱鸭块duckcutletswithsesamepaste桂花盐水鸭stewedsalt-preservedduck虾片shrimpchip瓜皮虾cucumberwithjellyfishanddriedshelledshrimp生拌鱼rawfishinsauce冰糖燕窝birdsnestincryst

33、alsugar红酒烧竹鸡braisedsnipeinportwine铁扒乳鸽grilledyoungpigeon糟蛋eggspreservedinwine酱蛋pickledegg茶叶蛋eggintea蒸腊鹅spicedgoosewingtipsandwebfeet潮州卤鹅spicedgoose,Chaozhoustyle潮州烧雁鹅roastgoose,Chaozhoustyle红烧全鸭braisedwholeduckinsoysauce五香鸭spicedduck蒸南京板鸭steamedNanjingsaltedduck北京烤鸭roastBeijingduck香糟鸡片slicedchickeni

34、nwinesauce炸童子鸡deepfriedspringchicken荷叶粉蒸鸡steamedchickeninlotusleafpackets炸纸包鸡friedchickeninpaperpackets陈皮鸡chickeninorangeflavor咖喱鸡currychicken砂锅鸡braisedchickenincasserole叫化子鸡mud-bakedchicken附杂项（西餐，餐具，糖果等）：breakfast早餐meatbroth肉羹overhard煎全熟蛋lunch午餐localdish地方菜butter奶油brunch早午餐Cantonesecuisine广东菜bevera

35、ges饮料supper晚餐menu菜单condensedmilk炼乳;炼奶latesnack宵夜Frenchcuisine法国菜coffeemate奶精dinner正餐todaysspecial今日特餐coffee咖啡coffeepot咖啡壶buffet自助餐icedcoffee冰咖啡coffeecup咖啡杯fastfood快餐whitecoffee牛奶咖啡papertowel纸巾specialty招牌菜blackcoffee纯咖啡napkin餐巾tealeaves茶叶ice-creamcone甜筒tablecloth桌布blacktea红茶sundae圣代;新地tea-pot茶壶jasmin

36、etea茉莉（香片）ice-cream雪糕teaset茶具teabag茶包icecandy冰棒teatray茶盘lemontea柠檬茶straw吸管caddy茶罐whitegourdtea冬瓜茶cake蛋糕dish碟honey蜂蜜pancake煎饼plate盘sodawater苏打水cereal麦片粥saucer小碟子artificialcolor人工色素toast土司ricebowl饭碗curryrice咖喱饭hamburger汉堡chopsticks筷子birdsnest燕窝hamandegg火腿肠soupspoon汤匙Frenchfires炸薯条butteredtoast奶油土司knife餐刀bakedpotato烘马铃薯Frenchtoast法国土司cup杯子mashedpotatoes马铃薯泥cheesecake酪饼glass玻璃杯pudding布丁whitebread白面包mug马克杯pastries甜点brownbread黑面包picniclunch便当jerky牛肉干cheesecake酪饼toothpick牙签popcorn爆米花flour-ric