湖南省长沙市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期第三次阶段性检测试卷【含答案】

1、长沙市2021-2022学年度高一第二学期第三次阶段性检测英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试题卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt？A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Why is Jim unwilling to wear the whi

2、te shirt？A. He dislikes the color. B. The size is wrong. C. It doesnt match his jeans.2. What will the speakers do next？A. See a magic show. B. Buy teddy bears. C. Go kite-flying.3. When will the speakers get up tomorrow？A. At 9：00 am. B. At 8：00 am. C. At 7：00 am.4. What does Jonathan mean？A. Anna

3、missed the contest.B. Anna has a talent for singing.C. Anna will go to Washington DC.5. What does the man mean？A. He has a natural talent for art.B. He saw nothing in the art history.C. He doesnt like abstract paintings.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或

4、独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man say about graffiti（涂鸦）？A. It is an art form. B. It is ugly. C. It is a waste of money.7. Where should graffiti be painted according to the woman？A. On any building.B. On designated graffiti ces.C. In public park

5、s.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What will the woman do？A. Refuel the car. B. Buy some food. C. Check the tire.9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A. Husband and wife. B. Driver and passenger. C. Friends.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10. Where will the man be this Saturday morning？A. In his own house. B

6、. At the office. C. In a lake house.11. What does the man intend to do on Sunday night？A. Rest for Mondays work.B. Go through some notes.C. Pick up his boss.12. Why is the man unwilling to take his dogs on the trip？A. They get sacred near the water.B. There is not enough room for them.C. Its hard to

7、 catch any fish with them.13. What will the man do tomorrow？A. Give a presentation.B. Invite someone else over.C. Tell the woman his final decision.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What is the main idea of the talk？A. What is confidence.B. How to improve confidence.C. Why people need to be more confident.15. Wh

8、at does the speaker suggest doing to build confidence？A. Running a race. B. Applying for a new job. C. Setting out goals on a list.16. What might Fraser be？A. A coach. B. A surgeon. C. A psychologist.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How long has the speaker lived in a big city？A. For one year. B. For ten years

9、. C. For eighteen years18. What is the speakers opinion on public transport in big cities？A. Its comfortable. B. Its time-saving. C. Its cheap.19. What is the advantage of living in the countryside？A. Its safer. B. Its healthier. C. Its more convenient.20. What kind of life does the speaker seem to

10、like most？A. Busy. B. Exciting. C. Quiet.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AImportant Factors for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic GamesBeijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Lets look back on some

11、of the important factors that made the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games so impressive.The Olympic torch(火炬)In recognition of Beijings status(地位) as the worlds first city to host both the Summer and Winter games, the 2022 Olympic torch featured a similar design to the 2008 Olympic torch by the same

12、color combination and artistic forms. What truly took viewers breath away was the moment when torch bearers passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two Olympic torches locked into each other at the top, which represented fire and ice, symbolizing how it would bring light and

13、warmth to the winter sports scene.The Olympic mascots(吉祥物)The Winter Olympic mascot “Bing Dwen Dwen”, a cartoon image of a panda wearing a cesuit, looks like a winter sports athlete from the future. As a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit, “Bing Dwen Dwen” has enjoyed wide p

14、opularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019. “Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history,” said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.Soon after the announcement of “Bing Dwen Dwen”, Beijing organizers also introduce

15、d “Shuey Rhon Rhon” as the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Paralympic(残奥会) Winter Games.The smart high-speed railwayAs the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new high-speed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service. By cutting

16、the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the worlds first smart high-speed railway. So, what makes them “smart”? Well, equipped with 5G signals, intelligent lightning and sensors to collect real-

17、time data and detect any operational problems, the trains can automatically start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits between stations.1. In what way did the 2022 Olympic torch impress viewers?A. Its showing up at the top.B. Its flame-passing moment.C. Its color combination and artistic f

18、orms.D. Its design similar to that of the 2008 Olympic torch.2. Why is “Bing Dwen Dwen” so popular?A. Because it is an athlete wearing a cesuit.B. Because it symbolizes the national treasure of China.C. Because it shows both Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit.D. Because it has already played an

19、important role in Olympic history.3. Which statement is NOT correct about the new high-speed railway?A. It came into service after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics began.B. It can greatly cut the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou.C. It becomes the worlds first smart high-speed railway.D. T

20、he new high-speed trains can automatically run.1. B 2. C 3. A【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍2022年北京冬奥会的3个重要因素：火炬，吉祥物和高铁。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“What truly took viewers breath away was the moment when torch bearers passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay.”(真正让观众叹为观止的是火炬手在奥运火炬接力中将火炬传递给另一位火炬手的那一刻。)可知，真正

21、让观众叹为观止的是，奥运火炬接力中火炬手将火炬传递给另一个人的那一刻。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“As a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit, Bing Dwen Dwen has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019.”(作为中国文化和奥林匹克精神的伟大结合，“冰墩墩”自2019年首次亮相以来，在国内外广受欢迎。)可知，冰墩墩受欢迎的原因是很好地融合了中国文化和奥运精神。故选

22、C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new high-speed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service.”(随着2022年北京冬奥会的倒计时继续进行，连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路开始通车。)可知，其中countdown意为倒计时，在北京冬奥会进入倒计时的时候，连接北京和张家口的新高速列车已经开始

23、投入使用。所以A项错误。故选A。BCharles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. His father was a Fellow of the Royal Society（the elite circle of top British scientists），his mother was the daughter of Josiah Wedgwood，the man who founded the famous Wedgwood Potteries，and his grandfather，Erasmus Darwin，was a famou

24、s physician，thinker and philosopher who，like his grandson，spent much time studying the evolution of life.After a childhood in the town of Shrewsbury，where he was educated at the Grammar School，Darwin went up to Edinburgh University to study medicine and natural history. When he was eighteen，he left

25、Edinburgh and went to Cambridge University，planning to enter the church，but he was more interested in science than in religion and later he abandoned theology.Shortly after graduating from Cambridge，he got a job as a naturalist on the ship H. M. S. Beagle，which was about to start on a scientific and

26、 cartographic（地图的）survey of the South American coast. The journey started in December 1831 and was to last almost five years，during which time he collected considerable documentation.Darwin was struck by the animals of the south seas，particularly by the tortoises he found on the Galapagos Islands，a

27、group of Pacific Islands. The Galapagos tortoises，Darwin observed，differed from island to island，and this，he inferred，showed different forms of evolution，since the animals obviously came from the same origins. Darwin was also struck by the iguanas（蜥蜴）he found，and observed that those which lived in w

28、ater had heads suitable for finding food among stones，while those that lived on land had a sharper head，more fit for a herbivorous（食草的）animal.Darwin developed his theory of evolution，but it was not until 1859 that he actually published it. It was instantly seen as a great milestone in scientific tho

29、ught，and attracted violent argument all over Europe. Many found fault in it，and Darwin spent the rest of his life improving his theory in the light of other peoples observations.4. What is the purpose of para.1？A. To honour his family.B. To increase his popularity.C. To show his familys influence on

30、 him.D. To highlight his familys contributions.5 What did Darwin end up studying at Cambridge University？A. Science.B. Theology.C. Medicine.D. Natural history.6. Why were the iguanas different from island to island？A. Because of their types.B. Because of their habitats.C. Because of their foods.D. B

31、ecause of their origins.7. What can be learned about Darwins theory of evolution？A. He felt quite content with it.B. He published it once finished.C. It caused a worldwide disagreement.D. It was a great breakthrough in science.4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D【导语】本文是记叙文。本文章主要介绍了达尔文一生的生活经历和成就。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Cha

32、rles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. (查尔斯达尔文出生于一个思想家家庭。) ”及后文对他父亲，母亲，祖父的介绍可知，达尔文的家人社会地位都很高，家人对达尔文的影响很大。所以第一段的写作目的是为了表明家庭对达尔文的影响。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“When he was eighteen, he left Edinburgh and went to Cambridge University, planning to enter the church, but he was more interested in scie

33、nce than in religion and later he abandoned theology. (十八岁时，他离开爱丁堡，进入剑桥大学，打算进入教堂，但他对科学比对信仰更感兴趣，后来他放弃了神学。)”可知，达尔文进入剑桥大学后，对科学更感兴趣，故推知他在剑桥大学最终主修科学。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Darwin was also struck by the iguanas (蜥蜴) he found, and observed that those which lived in water had heads suitable for finding food

34、among stones, while those that lived on land had a sharper head, more fit for a herbivorous (食草的) animal.(达尔文也被他发现的蜥蜴所震撼了，并观察到那些生活在水中的蜥蜴的头部适合在石头中寻找食物，而那些生活在陆地上的蜥蜴有更锋利的头部，更适合食草动物。)可知，生活在水中的蜥蜴和生活在陆地上的蜥蜴是因为生活环境的不同导致生物进化差异。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin developed his theory of evolution, but it was not u

35、ntil 1859 that he actually published it. It was instantly seen as a great milestone in scientific thought, and attracted violent argument all over Europe. (达尔文发展了他的进化论，但直到1859年他才真正发表了它。它立即被视为科学思想的一个伟大里程碑，并引起了整个欧洲的激烈争论。)”可知，达尔文的进化论是科学思想的一个伟大的里程碑，是科学界的一个伟大的突破。故选D。C“Did you hear what happened to Adam l

36、ast Friday？” Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining，Tori brags，“You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago. ”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happened to be yours truly，Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is（a）not nice and（b）not even true. Still，Lindsey and Tor

37、i arent very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me. Many of our conversations are gossip（闲话）. I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people，it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.An important negati

38、ve effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually，gossip spreads information about a topicbreakups，trouble at home，even dropping outthat a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst

39、 type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor（传言）can make a person

40、 feel important because he or she knows something that others dont. Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority（优越感 ）.Gossip also can have a third effect：it

41、 strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms，this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you c

42、an bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The dos and donts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，thin

43、k about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.8. Why is a conversation given at the beginning of the passage？A. To introduce a topic.B. To present an argument.C. To tell a story.D. To clarify the writing purpose.9. What important negative effect does gossip have？A. Br

44、eaking up relationships.B. Embarrassing the listener.C. Spreading information around.D. Causing unpleasant experiences.10. Why do many people like to gossip？A. It gives them a feeling of pleasure.B. It helps them make more friends.C. It makes them better at telling stories.D. It enables them to meet

45、 important people11. Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip canA. provide students with written rulesB. make people watch their own behaviorsC. force school to improve student handbooksD. attract the polices attention to group behaviors8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了说闲话的影响，分析了人们为什么喜欢传闲话。【详

46、解】 1.推理判断题。根据第一和第二段“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.”（“你听说亚当上周五发生了什么事吗?”林赛对托丽耳语道。托丽两眼放光，得意地说:“当然了，肖恩两天前告诉我的。”）”可知，这两段叙述了两个人在说别人闲话的场景。根据第三段中的“Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?

47、It just happened to be yours truly, Adam Freedman, I can tell you that what they are saying is （a） not nice and （b） not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip . （琳赛和托丽说的是谁?只是碰巧是你的真命天子，亚

48、当弗里德曼。我可以告诉你，他们说的是(a)不友好(b)甚至不真实。不过，林赛和托丽与林顿高中的大多数学生，包括我，并没有太大的不同。我们的许多谈话都是闲谈）”可知，说闲话这种事几乎人人都会做。根据“I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group. （我注意到八卦的三个影响:它会伤害人，它会给说闲话的人一种奇怪的满足感，它会在一个

49、群体中造成社会压力）”可知，下文主要叙述“说闲话”的三个影响。由此推知，文章开头引用两人的交谈是为了引出“说闲话”这个话题。故选A项。2.细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.（八卦的一个重要负面影响是，它会伤害被谈论的人）”可知流言会给被谈论的人带来不愉快的经历。故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfact

50、ion it gives us.（答案就在于八卦的另一个影响:它给我们带来的满足感）”可知散播流言能给人带来满足感，即快乐的感觉。故选A项。4.细节理解题。根据第六段的第二句“Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.（大卫威尔逊教授解释说，八卦在监督群体行为方面很重要）”可知流言在监督一个群体内的行为方面很重要。故选B项。DIf humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,

51、 we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the suns light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us dont think of ourse

52、lves as diurnal beings. Yet its the only way to explain what weve done to the night: Weve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences-called light pollutionwhose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light polluti

53、on is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levelsand light rhythmsto which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wher

54、ever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected.In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾)that mirrors our fear of the dark. Weve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nightdark

55、enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.Weve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further from the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerf

56、ul biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Flying at night, birds tend to crash into brightly lit tall bu

57、ildingsFrogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses. Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs

58、. Like most other creatures, we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.Living in a glare of our making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritagethe light of the stars and the rhythms of day and nig

59、ht. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Waythe edge of our galaxyarching overhead.12. Why do we humans light up the night?A. To

60、go outside happily.B. To adapt it for ourselves.C. To prove the revolutionary fact.D. To learn about nocturnal species.13. The writer mentions birds and frogs to _.A. provide examples of animal protectionB. show how light pollution affects animalsC. compare the living habits of both speciesD. explai