英汉颜色词文化

1、一、英汉颜色词文化内涵对比红色绿色 白色黑色黄色蓝色紫色 汉语：青春 生命 希望 春天 永生英语： 缺乏经验 嫉妒 贪婪green hand green-eyedHe was all green when he saw the heap of jewelsMarys girl friends were all green with envy when they saw her new dress. She is still in the green.绿色白色汉语洁白 清白无辜白喜事白菜 白熊 白蚁徒劳白费力气白送单纯的、不掺杂的白开水白条、白痴、坦白英语Purity virginity inn

2、ocencea white liefuneralsChinese cabbage，polar bear，termite黑色汉语邪恶 死亡 秘密 腐败黑帮 黑点 黑手 黑社会黑话 黑幕 英语阴郁 愤怒 邪恶 死亡 to look black blacklistTo be in a black moodblack box black tea黄色汉语：尊色 崇高 尊严 辉煌黄袍腐化堕落 黄色电影、黄色书刊英语：胆小卑怯 背信弃义 A yellow dog 卑鄙的人A yellow-livered coward 胆小鬼Yellow pages yellow journalism不择手段地夸张、渲染以招

3、揽或影响读者的黄色新闻编辑作风蓝色汉语：晴朗天气 西方文明？ 海洋文明？ 英语：不快、抑郁、情绪低沉、沮丧 in a blue moodhaving the bluesa blue Monday地位显赫、出生高贵皇家色 royal families blue blood，blue bookcold with blue blue collarblue strips 紫色汉语红得发紫打得青一块紫一块英语 associated with kings and queens and Roman EMPERORS，and the Pope 帝王色 愤怒 盛怒purple with age purple i

4、n the face be bruised (beaten) black and blue二、英汉动物词汇文化内涵对比DogPigCatDragonMagpieSparrowCuckoo牛 虎 as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶lead a dogs life 过着牛马一样的生活cry up wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头，卖狗肉put/turn back the clock 开倒车talk horse 吹牛kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵drink like a fish 牛饮as strong a

5、s a horse 力大如牛A lion in the way 拦路虎Birds of a feather 一丘之貉 as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠（在西方文化中，兔子是胆小的象征，而在我 国，兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人们常说：“静若处子，动若脱兔。”鼠在我国才是胆小的象征，所以翻译时直接加以归化。）wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪 as happy as a cow 快乐得像只百灵鸟as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛seek a hare in a hens nest 缘木求鱼 a bull

6、 in a china shop公牛闯进瓷器店肆意捣乱 to shed crocodile tears 流鳄鱼眼泪假慈悲 三、英汉习语的对应关系 Corresponding relationship of English and Chinese IdiomsA. Exactly the same in both English and Chinese ( few)B. Basically share the same meaning or partially the same. (more than group A) C. Share the similar words but differe

7、nt meaning (a lot)A. Exactly the same both in English and Chinese ( few)Barking dogs do not bite. 吠犬不咬人。Who is contented, enjoys. 知足者常乐。Misfortunes never come singly. 祸不单行。It is harder to change human nature than to change rivers and mountains. 江山难改，本性难移。Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。B. Basically s

8、hare the same meaning/partially the same. (more than group A) as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛to take a load off ones mind 如释重负to run in the same groove; to cut from the same cloth.如出一辙to make a beast of oneself形同禽兽He that hath been bitten by a serpent is afraid of a rope.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳。Shallow streams make

9、most din.水深不响， 水响不深。Money makes the mare go.有钱能使鬼推磨。Reckless youth makes rueful age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。C.Share the similar words but different meaning (a lot)pull ones leg 欺骗或戏弄某人 （不是：拖某人后腿）Ignorance of the law is no excuse of breaking it. （法盲犯法不可恕，强调严格执行法律。） 不知者无罪（强调网开一面）Strike while the iron is hot （强调“

10、抓住时机”） 趁热打铁（着重抓紧行动）Lock the stable-door after the horse is stolen. （强调为时已晚。）亡羊补牢（强调受到损失后想法弥补，以免再受损失。）D.Totally differentcast ones bread upon the waters 不期望报答所作之事 肉包子打狗有去无回keep the wolf from the door 免于饥饿，勉强度日 狼吞虎咽make ones blood freeze 令人恐惧 毛骨悚然have bats in the belfry 头脑有点古怪 see the sun 活着四、其它习语比较 M

11、ore examples of Chinese and English idioms（1） Once the wife of a parson, always the wife of a parson.嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗。（2）One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。（3） Last night I heard him driving his pig to market.昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷。（4）I didnt tell George when he came home.

12、 Hed have laughed his head off. 乔治回家时我没敢告诉他，否则他会笑掉牙的。（5）Johnson obviously knows this street like the back of his hand. 显然约翰逊对这条街了如指掌。（6）He was so fond of talking that his comrades nicknamed him magpie. 他如此唠叨,同伴们给他起了个 “麻雀”的外号。（英语中 “喜鹊” 喻义 “唠叨、饶舌”, 但在汉语中 “喜鹊” 却象征着 “喜事、吉祥”, 而 “麻雀” 表示 “唠叨、饶舌”。）五、英汉语中的一些

13、不同表达方式英语中有一些计量词，如score, dozen, decade, quarter等，在汉语中没有相应的表达方式，在汉译时得对其加以转换。例如：(1) But about three decades ago, the course became something of a stepchild when bilingual education became the preferred method of teaching foreign students. 然而大约30年前，当人们更喜欢用双语方式教授外国学生时，该课程便遭到了几分冷遇。(2) A dozen and a half a

14、eroplanes poured out into the airport during that five minutes. 那5分钟内，有18架飞机涌进了机场。(3) During the first part of his life, Watt studied weather and storm.瓦特年轻时研究天气和风暴。(4) Well, a couple of years later, they became enemies. But we are getting ahead of the story.几年以后，他们反目成仇，不过这是后话，我们说到故事后头去了。表述角度上不尽相同造成

15、的差别(1) Our Faux Sapphire 25% discount. 本店人造蓝宝石打七五折。(2) You are quite a stranger here.这儿的人不认识你。(3) There used to be a river here two centuries back of this. 两个世纪以前，这里曾经有一条河。(4) Im low IQ (intelligent quotient), you know. 你知道，我这个人很笨。(5) There is always a place for you at our table. 请你随时来吃便饭。(6) It never rains but it pours. 不下则已，一下倾盆。(7) John was a fool for danger