非限制性定语从句完整版课件

1、Advance with English Grammar and usageNon-restrictive attributive clauses 非限制性定语从句who/thatWho is he?*The man _ is sitting there is Brad Pitt.*The man she speaks to is Brad Pitt.*The man _ she speaks is Brad Pitt.to whom who/whom/that/-Who is she?Cecilia, _ took weight-loss pills, now realizes that h

2、ealth is important.Cecilia, _ body is thin, still wants to lose some weight (减肥).whowhose限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.My cousin , whose father is a teacher , wants to be an actor. 1. A. This is the place where I lived ten years ag

3、o. B. She is going to spend the winter holiday in Macao, which returned to China in 1999.2. A. He is a man who I can ask for help. B. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。 1. I have a sister who works in a hospital. 我

4、有一位在医院工作的姐姐。2.I have a sister, who works in a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。3.All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。4.All the magazines here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意

5、思。（不只一位姐姐）（只有一位姐姐）（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）（杂志只有一种）His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。Shanghai, which is in East China, is developing rapidly.Fill in the blanks with proper relative words.1. The famous basketball star, _is an American, came to China

6、 yesterday.2. In those days, she used to go to Mr black, with _ she had a wonderful time.3. I bought a car yesterday,_ cost me a lot.4. Xian, _I visited last year, is a nice old city.5. He will come to see me next July, _ he wont be so busy.6. The school,_I once studied, was built thirty years ago.7

7、. John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true.whowhomwhichwhichwhenwherewhich He missed the show, which was a great pity. He invited me to dinner, which made me happy.非限制性定语从句中关系代词which/as可指整个主句的意思或一部分意思。As引导的定语从句既可以位于句末，也可以位于句首或句中。As everyone knows, China is a country with a lon

8、g history. 正如大家所知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。She is a teacher, as is clear from her manner.她是位教师，这一点从她的举止可以清楚地看出。 More examples By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that Helen was much kinder to her youn

9、gest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy (嫉妒) him. A. who B. that C. what D. which Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally (就我个人而论) I doubt (怀疑) very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which关系代词：which / who / whom / whose / as 关系副词：when / where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词tha

10、t；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。1. I am doing different types of exercises, all of _are quite helpful to my health.2. Many people, some of _are not overweight, are going on diets.3. There are 54 students in my class, three of _come from US.Other exampleswhi

11、chwhomwhomLast week，only two people came to look at the house， _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of thatDifferences:Comma（逗

12、号）The non-restrictive attributive clause can be left out.（非限制性定语从句可以被省略）We cant use “that” in it.（非限制性定语从句中不可以用that)We cant miss the relative words, （非限制性定语从句中关 系代词不可以被省略）*My mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous.*Then the doctor found that some

13、one in your country, whose name is Li Dong, was an exact match for me. *Its the same in Chinamany people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown，will op

14、en next year. A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which I have many friends, some _ are businessmen. A. why B. from which C. who of D. of whom If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where I walked in our

15、garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. when B. which C. what D. that Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybo

16、dy in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. itThe English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on whichThere were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. thatHomework Grammar and usa

17、ge Question tags(2nd period) Question tags Do you say “I love you” to your parents, how do you say?Sometimes, you can ask:You love me, dont you?This kind of sentence is called question tag. Question tags are short questions that come at the end of statements. Question tags can be used when youask fo

18、r agreement eg: You still go to the gym every day, dont you ?ask for confirmation eg: You still go to the gym every day, dont you?Notice:1. We use a negative question tag at the end of a positive statement; we use a positive question tag at the end of a negative statement. Looking good is important

19、to women, isnt it? I was very lucky, wasnt I? We shouldnt be ashamed of the way we look, should we?2. Words like neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, hardly or seldom are considered negative.Neither of you will have coffee, will you?No one has found my CD, have they?Nobody understood

20、his speech, did they?His sister seldom argues with people, does she?3. We use a personal pron. like I, we, you, he, she, it or they in a question tag.eg: You wouldnt like to take these pills, would you?Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, havent they?4. We use an auxiliary verb, modal verb

21、or be in a question tag. eg: You like traveling, dont you? eg: You cant speak Italian, can you? eg: There is something wrong, isnt there?5. After an imperative clause, we use will you. After Lets, we use shall we.eg: Post a letter for me, will you?eg: Lets have a break, shall we?2. There was a loud

22、scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended _? A. wasnt there B. was there C. didnt it D. did it3. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _? A. didnt they B. dont they C. mustnt they D. havent they Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette a

23、dvertising on TV is illegal, _? A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he典型题例 Complete the following passages with who, whose, which, where, or when I have a good friend, (1)_ is really thin. Twice a week he goes to the gym, (2)_ he exercises and lifts weights. But the fact is hes still quite thin, (3)_makes him unhappy. Now he is thinking about taking some pills, (4)_ he thinks will make him become stronger. Does anyone know if its saf