高中英语改错解题技巧

1、PAGE PAGE 5高中英语改错解题技巧广西南宁市南宁外国语学校 林万春改错的宗旨是测试考生发现、判断、纠错文章中错误的能力。具体有错词、漏词、多词。简称“错、漏、多”。学生务必关注命题角度、注意解题思路、掌握解题步骤与技巧，分清错误的类别，对症下药。思考判断，大致有以下三种：一、错词：错词的类型复杂，但常见的还是搭配错误与语法错误，特别是学生平时写作时常出的错误最易为命题者所关注。对于平时常常疏忽、常常出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。（如下表）命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词的数句中名词该用单数还是复数动词时态、语态主谓一致根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否

2、有误、主谓搭配是否正确非谓语动词过现分词，动名词，不定式根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用代词人称代词的格、指定代词及从句关系词1. 人称代词的格是否误用2. 代词前后左右指代是否一致3. 定语从句中关系词是否误用形、副词词法判断句中形容词和副词是否混淆使用介词习惯用法习惯用法中介词是否误用连词句法判断句中并列连词，从属连词是否误用【考例】told me that something happened when her parents was out. (福建卷)【分析】waswere。parents是复数，应用复数谓语。【考例】Im a newcomer here of a small tow

3、n. I would (山东卷)【分析】offrom。of 表示所属关系，from 表示从某地来。（一）考点分析：错词原因很多，归纳起来，有以下几个方面：1. 时态、语态误用例1 The time passes quickly. 分析：原文讲的是上周游览峨眉山，故将passes改为passed。例2 Books must be keep for four weeks.分析：根据句意，该句为 HYPERLINK /Article/xiazai/Index.html t _blank 被动语态，故将keep改为kept。2. 非谓语动词误用例1 I was often a little tired

4、 after a days work and watch TV demands very little effort. 分析：and并列结构之后缺少一个主语，故将watch改为watching。3. 主谓是否一致、主语和代词是否一致例1 Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. 分析：句中my picture and the prize为并列主语，谓语动词应用 HYPERLINK /Article/zhonghe/Index.html t _blank 复数形式，故将is改为are。例2 The Smiths did his

5、 best to make me feel at home. 分析：句子的主语为复数，与之相应的人称代词his应改为their。4. 形容词和副词(比较等级)的误用例1 As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. 分析：longer本身即构成比较级，故将more去掉。例2 After learning the basic of the subject, nothing else seemed very practically to me. 分析：

6、连系动词后要用形容词，故将practically改为practical。5. 连接词的误用例1 The food was expensive and the service was good. 分析：the food was expensive与the service was good 是转折关系，不是并列关系，故应将and改为but。例2 I told Mother, Father, Sister and all my friends that a great time I had. 分析：此句中含一个感叹句作told的宾语，故应将that改为what才正确。6. 思维定势的干扰例 I al

7、so enjoyed the evening when we spent together.分析：尽管evening是时间名词，但是spend是及物动词，需要关系代词作宾语，故应将when改为which / that, 或者将when去掉。7. 句式结构中平行、并列关系混乱 例1 It was very kind of you to meet me at the railway station and drove me to your home. 分析：句中drove应改为drive, 才能与前面的to meet保持平行并列关系。例2 As we climbed the mountains,

8、we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 分析：句中用了三个并列的谓语动词，故应将visiting改为visited。8. 行文逻辑错误例1 Now someone at home reads instead. 分析：根据上文可知，电视机卖掉以后全家人都看书，故应someone 改为 everyone。（二）对应训练1. Different people speak different language.1. _2. Last Sunday, the police cars hurry to the tallest building.

9、2. _3. The students each has a dictionary.3. _4. There are falling leaves on the ground.4. _5. Im looking forward to hear from you soon.5. _6. One should love their country.6. _ 7. The population in China is much larger than those in Japan.7. _ 8. This is the countryside where I visited 3 years ago.

10、8. _9. Try to write as careful as you can.9. _10. We asked him to help us and he refused.10. _答案：1. language 应加s;2. hurry应改为 hurried3. has应该为have; 4. falling应该为 fallen 5. hear 应改为hearing6. their应改为her/his; 7. those应改为 that8. where应改为 that/which9. careful 应改为carefully 10. and应改为 but。二、漏词：漏掉的往往是冠词，介词，

11、连词等虚词。这又与前后词的搭配有关。见到名词，应考虑是否缺了冠词，见到动词，可注意后面是否少了应与之搭配的介词或其它词。（如下表）命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词名词前是否漏冠词不及物动词介词不及物动词后是否漏介词不定式小品词to不定式中是否漏少了不该省的“to”被动语态助动词被动语态中是否漏少了助词母语迁移词类用法将形容词，副词或介词视作动词使句子漏少谓语部分的动词固定搭配习惯用法习惯用法中是否漏了不可缺少的词【考例】The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me. (全国卷)【分析】在English 前加my。根据句

12、意可知应是指“我的英语老师”。【考例】afternoon. You wont find difficult to get to the city. (甘肃、青海卷)【分析】在 find 后加 it。构成 find it difficult to do sth，it 作形式宾语。（一）考点分析句中漏掉了必不可少的词语，导致句子结构和意义不完整，这些词多为功能词，如系动词、冠词、物主代词、介词及不定式符号“to”等。例1 Its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.分析：可数名词表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，故在famous前加a。

13、例2 I was happy with any program the others spent a lot time arguing.分析：a lot加of才能接名词，故在time前加of。例3 The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me. 分析：可数名词前应有限定词修饰。根据文意应为“我的英语老师”，故在English前加my。例4 Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.分析：time本为不可数名词，但当它表示“一段时

14、间”时，前面要加不定冠词a，故在time前加a。例5 My parents love me dearly of course and will do what they can make sure that I get a good education. 分析：本句中can后省掉了与前面相同的实义动词do，后面的不定式to阶段make作状语，故应在make前加to。（二）对应训练She is such good teacher that we all like her.1. _She asked me to watch for the traffic on the roads.2. _I li

15、ke swimming, but I wont be able tomorrow.3. _At age of 12, he started writing his own book.4. _He interested in playing the computer games.5._His father not here and he had been to Shanghai.6. _I against the plan that he put forward just now.7. _ I like playing football. What you?8. _ Have you invit

16、ed John to our party? Yes, he has invited.9. _ The baby is taken good care by his grandma.10._答案：1.good前加 a2. watch后加 out3. able 后加to4. age前加the；5. interested前加 is6. not 前加was 7. against前加am8. What后加about；9. invited前加been10. care后加of。)三、多词：多余的词，往往是结构词，如冠词、介词、代词等。一种是根据涉及到的名词、动词的特点、搭配和含义判断是否多了冠词、介词或副词

17、。另一种是根据全句的结构和意义，判断是否多了连词或其它词。（如下表）命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词 抽象名词，物质名词泛指时是否多了冠词动词介词 及物动词后受母语影响是否多了介词不定式小品词to 不定式前是否多了应该省的“to”代词代词 定语从句中是否多了代词形、副词比较结构 形容词，副词比较结构中是否多了相似词固定搭配习惯用法 固定搭配是否“画蛇添足”【考例】 in a school for students from Tibet. As we were all left home(天津卷) 【分析】去掉 were。动词 leave 作“离开”时，是不及物动词，没有 HYPERLINK /Ar

18、ticle/xiazai/Index.html t _blank 被动语态。（一）考点分析多词错误是受汉语的干扰和影响，而出现的汉语式表达方式，这些词多为冠词、介词、代词或连接词等。例1. Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. 分析：catch sight of为固定词组，意为“看到”，故将不定冠词a去掉。例2. But we dont seem to get much time to talk about together. 分析：句中未交代谈话内容，介词about是多余的。故去掉。例3. I hope

19、that both you two could come and visit us some time soon. 分析：句中both与two并用，属意义重复。表示“你们俩”可以说you two或you both, 故应将both去掉。例4. Ill spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. 分析：all与whole 连用，造成语义重复，故将all去掉。例5. In some places you may borrow as many books as you want, in other places where you are limited to a certain number, of which some may be novels. 分析：此句是简单句，不含有定语从句，in other places是句子的地点状语，故应去掉where。例6. So Im really sorry that I wont be able to come in this time. 分析：去掉 in，因 this time 可直接用时间作状语 (北京春季卷)例7. Suddenly, I caught a sight of my En