高中英语反义疑问句详细

1、反义疑问句反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。主要形式：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式；陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式。1简述陈述部分和疑问部分要么前肯后否，要么前否后肯。这类反义疑问句有时带有感情色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，讽刺，不服气等。例如： You call this a days work, dont you ?你说这就叫一天的活儿，不是吗？2句式句子结构.陈述部分肯定句+疑问部分否定句(可记为前肯后否).

2、例： They work hard, don t they?.陈述部分否定句+疑问部分肯定句(可记为前否后肯).例:You didnt go, did you?句子类型一种是反义的附加疑问句；一种是非反义的附加疑问句。简单来说，就是“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”。3读法规则反义疑问句陈述部分用降调，问句部分可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，问句部分用降调；反之用升调。4速记方法前肯后否，前否后肯，前 be后be,前情态后情态，前无 be或情态后加助，并改为否定，时态一致。5主语一般词语附加疑问句中主语用和主句一致的主语，用主格。附加疑问句随从句。不定代词当陈述部分的主语是one时，后面的疑问句

3、可用one/he.no one时，后面附加疑问句中主语用they。everything,anything,nothing,something时，附力口疑问句中主语用it 不用 theythis, that, 或those, these 时，附加疑问句中主语用it 或they.everyone , everybody , someone , somebody , anyone , nobody 等时，附力口疑问句中主语般用they(口头语，非正式文体)/he (正式文体)。(6)不定式时，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it o(7) there be 句型时，附加疑问句中一般用 be/

4、情态动词/助动词+there。6否定意义的词(1)当陈述部分有never , seldom, hardly , few, little , barely, scarcely, nothing, none,rarelyno, not, no one, nobody, neither等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：Therere few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?(2)当陈述部分的主语为 everyone,someone,any

5、one,no one等表示人的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用they或he :Everyone in your family is a teacher, arent theyisnt he等表示物的不定代词时，疑问部分的(3)当陈述部分的主语为everything,something,anything.nothing主语用it :Something is wrong wi th your watch,isn- t it? 当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis,no-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的

6、词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如:He looks unhappy,doesn t he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗？The girl dislikes history,doesn t she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？（5）当陈述部分有less, fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。There will be less pollution, wont there?表示主语的词含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。（即当主句是I think ,

7、 I believe , I suppose , I imagine ,I expect时要反问从句，其余句式均反问主句。）（1）当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如:I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he?We suppose you have finished the project, havent you?值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如：I dont believe that he c

8、an translate this book, can he?We dont imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同 前否后肯型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为Yes,they have. ;若尚未到达，使用 No, they havent. 。（2）当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句 无关）。例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she?You thought they could hav

9、e completed the project, didnt you?They dont believe shes an engineer, do they?She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she?（3）但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致 better陈述部分有 had better, 或其中的 had表示完成时态时，疑问句应用 hadn t等开头：You d better get up early, hadn t you?其他情况句中有 have时疑问句应用dont等开头如have表示“有”的时

10、候，有两种形式：（ have表示有可用do或have来改写）-He has two sisters,doesn t he? =He has two sisters, hasn t he?-He doesnt have any sisters,does he?祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达，分三种情况：一般情况下用will you 或 wont you 。Give me a hand, will you?Leave all the things as they are, won t you?2）以Lets （听者包括在内）开头的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否,疑问句必须用shall

11、we （ shall只用于第一人称）；只有以Let us （听话人不被包括在“ us”里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问句才用will you 。 Let usknow the time of your arrival, will you?Lets try again, shall we?Let me help you, will you?Let s have a look on your book ,shall we ?3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时，问句可用will you或can you 。e.g. don t make much noise, will/can you?There be

12、 句型There be句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be动词+ thereThere are some apples in the basket, arent there?There isnt any milk left, is there?there used to be,反义疑问句有两种形式：didnt there 和 usednt there.There used to be some cities wall, usednt there?或： There used to be some cities wall, didntthere?Must.当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有 4种情况：

13、mustnt表示禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must.You mustnt stop your car here, must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用neednt.They must finish the work today, needn t they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？must be表推测,用来表示对现 在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。He must be good at English, isn t he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗？She must be a good Eng

14、lish teacher, isn t she?她一定是位优秀的英语老师，是吗？(4)当must have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语)，问句要根据陈述 部分谓语的情况用“ didnt+主语”或 wasnt/werent+主语”；如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过 去时间状语)，问句要用“ havent/has nt+ 主语”。 She must have read the novel last week, didn t she?她上星期一定读了这本小说，不是吗？You must have told her about it, haven t you?你一

15、定把这事告诉她了，不是吗？回答反意疑问句的回答：前肯后否，前否后肯，根据事实从后往前翻译。如：They work hard,don t they? 他们努力工作，不是吗？Yes, they do. 对,他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 不，他们工作不努力They don t work hard, do they?他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they dont. 是的，他们工作不努力否定反义疑问句的回答卜陈述部分为肯定式，反义疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可:It s new, isn t it? Y

16、es, it is.是新的，不是吗？ ” “是，是新的。”He wants to go, doesn t he? No, he doesn t.此时，Yes即是，对前面 Its new.的肯定。回答反义疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你I m not.因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有asleep“他想去，不是吗？ ” “不，他不想去。”You are asleep, aren t you? 你应回答 No, 。但如果别人问你You aren t asl eep, are you?( 你还没有睡着,对吗），你也只能回答No, Im not.（是的，还没有睡着），而不能回

17、答为 Yes, I m not.也不能回答成 Yes, I am.“It is a beautiful flower, isnt itIt isnt a beautiful floweris it ? ”上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“ Yes,it is. 否定为 No, it isnt.由上述例子可知，反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义弁无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用 yes,否定用 no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。建议在答题时，先按照实际写后面的答句，再根据前后一致原则写7 口诀Yes 或 No反意疑问弁不难, 前后肯否恰相反, 主谓时态要一致,陈述疑问句中

18、含。否定词缀不能算。特殊情况记心田。实际情况来回答，再把yes和no练。综上所述，反义疑问句回答就是按实际情况回答。对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用但是，翻译成汉语意思刚好相反，这种回答的例：一 He likes playing football, doesnyes要译成“不”，yes ,事实是否定的，就要用 no。 no要译成“是”。Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.是的。 /他喜欢踢足球，不是吗? 不是。一His sisterdidn t attend the meeting, did she?Yes, she did. / No,

19、she didnt.不，她参加了。他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗?/是的，她没参加。简要总结反意疑问句（1）陈述部分的主语是Im as tall as your sister(2)陈述部分的谓语是19条：I ,疑问部分要用arent I.,arent I?wish ,疑问部分要用may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?(3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little时，疑问部分用肯定含义。等否定含义的词The Swede made no answer,

20、did he / she?Some plants never blown ( 开花 ),do they ?(4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。(5) 陈述部分有 have to +v. (had to + v.),We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?(6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用He used to take pictures

21、 there, didnt he? / usednt he?疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt + 主语）。didnt + 主语或 usednt + 主语。(7) 陈述部分有 had better + v.疑问句部分用hadnt you?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?(8) 陈述部分有 would rather +v.,疑问部分多用wouldnt + 主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?(9) 陈述部分有 Youd like to +v.Yo

22、ud like to go with me, wouldnt you?疑问部分用wouldnt + 主语。(10)陈述部分有 must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。He must be a doctor, isnt he?You must have studied English for three years, havent you? / didnt you?He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he?(11)感叹句中，疑问部分用否定的助动词加sb/sth ?如： TOC o 1-5 h z (1 ) What a fine day it

23、is today!What a fine day it is today, isn t it ?(2 ) How fast he runs !How fast he runs , doesn t he ?(3 ) What a long time we have been waiting!What a long time we have been waiting, haven t we ? 1陈述部分由neither, nor, either, or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?陈述部分主语是指示代

24、词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this,疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isnt it?(14)陈述部分为主语从句或弁列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况： a.弁列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：He is not the man who gave us a t

25、alk, is he?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?c.上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反义疑问句。I dont think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, cant she?(15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they ,有时也用单数 he。Everyon

26、e knows the answer, dont they? (does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)(16)带情态动词 dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need (dare ) + 主语。We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?当dare, need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do +主语。will youthere省略主语代词She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?(17)省去主语的

27、祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用Dont do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / wont you ?注意：Lets开头的祈使句，后用 shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句，后用 will you?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?(18)陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there

28、?There will not be any trouble, will there?(19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isnt it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?疑问部分arent I / are I肯定含义否定含义shouldnt/ oughtnt +主语dont + 主语(didnt +主语)didnt + 主语或 usednt + 主语hadnt youwouldnt +主语wouldnt +主语根据实际情况而定 be +主语主语用it谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定根据主句的

29、谓语而定与宾语从句相对应的从句复数they, 单数heneed/neednt (dare/darent ) +主语do/dont + 主语will/wont you ?Shall we?Will you?相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)仍用否定形式有些动词如：cost hurt hit put等，它们的过去时与原型相同，在肯定句中一定要先弄清楚它们是什么时态：2(0 ) The skirt made of silk cost you a lot of money, () ?A.didnt it B.didnt youC.doesnt it D.dont you句中主语是the ski

30、rt ,排除B D ,主语是三单，可断定 cost是过去时，所以选 A 。8重点归纳快速记忆表陈述部分的谓语I/主语no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，视为肯定含义ought to(肯定的)have to+v.(had to+v.)used to+v.had better + v.would rather + v.youd like to + v.must感叹句指示代词或不岸代词everything,that,nothing,this弁

31、列复合句定语从句,宾语从句主从复合句think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine 等引导everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one情态动词 dare 或 needdare, need 为实义动词省去主语的祈使句Lets 开头的祈使句Let us 开头的祈使句there be否定前缀不能视为否定词9其他信息几乎各国语言中都有反义疑问句存在。在不同的语言中，由于语言习惯的差异，对反义疑问句的回答方法各有不同。其中不外乎两种：一、以中文为代表的反义疑问句以中文为代表的反义疑问句包括中文，俄语等。具特点是“是或不是表示我同意或不同意对方说

32、的话”如中文：你难道不喜欢看电影么？当回答：不，我喜欢。此时，说话人认为对方说得不对，所以用“不”来首先回答。二、以英文为代表的反义疑问句以英文为代表的反义疑问句除英文外尚有德语，法语等。其特点是“是或不是表示说话人对事实的认识”如德语 Es regnet nicht?(外面没在下雨么？)回答：Nein , es regnet nicht (是的，没在下雨)说话人本人认为没在下雨，所以用表示否定的Nein事先回答以上是各种语言中可能出现的反义疑问句的情况，在语言学习的过程中，应认真体会，确保不出现错误反义疑问句的回答对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes ,事实是

33、否定的，就要用 no要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的 yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。例-He likes playing football, doesn t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？-Yes, he does. / No, hedoesn t.是的。/ 不是。- His sister didn t attend the meeting, did she?他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？ - Yes, she did. / No, she didn t.不，她参加了。 /是的，她没参加。简要总结反意疑问句19条：陈

34、述部分的主语是I ,疑问部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister, arent I?陈述部分的谓语是wish ,疑问部分要用 may +主语。I wish to have a word with you, may I?陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花 ),do they ?含有oug

35、ht to的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。He oughtto know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he?(5) 陈述部分有 have to +v. (had get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? (6)陈述部分的谓语是used topictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?(7) 陈述部分有 had better + v. you?8)陈述部分有 would rather than recite it, wouldnt h

36、e?陈述部分有 Youd like to +v. you?陈述部分有 must的疑问句,have studied English for three didnt he?to + v.),疑问部分常用 dont +主语(时，疑问部分用didnt + 主语或usednt +疑问句部分用 hadnt you? Youd+v.,疑问部分多用wouldnt疑问部分用wouldnt +疑问部分根据实际情况而定。years, havent you? / didntbetterdidnt + 主语)。 We have to 主语。 He used to takeread it by yourself, had

37、nt it ten timeswouldnthe? You must it yesterday,+主语。He would rather read主语。 Youd liketo go with me,He must be a doctor, isnt you? He must have finished感叹句中疑问部分用be + 主语。What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it?陈述部分由neither, nor, either, or连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this,疑问部分主语用it。Everything is ready, isnt it?(14)陈述部分为主语从句或