现在时态基本形式课件

1、Unit one Grammar and usageWho is he?He is Zhao Benshan.What does he do?He is a comedian.What is he doing?He is performing. Whats this?Its the Great Wall in Beijing.Have you ever visited it?Yes, I have. I have visited it twice.Have you ever stood on this stage?No, I havent, but I have been looking fo

2、rward to that day.Do you want to study in this university?Yes, we have been expecting to study there for ages.Tenses related to present1. The simple present tense2. The present continuous tense3. The present perfect tense4. The present perfect continuous tense现在时态基本形式时态语态一般现在时主动 被动 现在进行时主动被动现在完成时主动被

3、动现在完成进行时主动被动am/is/are; do/doesbe (am/is/are) doinghave/has donehave/has been doingam / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneXI. the present tense 1 表示客观事实或普通真理.(不受时间限制) 1) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. 地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。 2) Japan lies to the east of

4、China. 日本位于中国的东方。 3) The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 4) A couple of days ago, I learnt from my teacher that the earth _ (be) a planet around the sun.is2 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, once a week 等表示频率的时间状语连用. He takes a walk after supper

5、every day. 他每天晚饭后散步。 My mother _ (work) at the same company as my father. 我母亲和父亲在同一家公司工作。 We always _ for each other and _ each other. 我们总是相互关心相互帮助。workscarehelp3 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。 1) Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 斯密斯先生讨厌鱼而且从来不吃。 2) Mary _ both English and French very well. 玛丽英语和法语都说的很好。 3)

6、 I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. (NMET 2019) A. will play B. have played C. played D. playspeaks4 表示安排或计划好的肯定会出现或按时间表、议事日程将要发生的动作或状态。 1) The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m. 飞机上午10点起飞。 2) Tomorrow is Wednesday. 明天是星期三。 3) -Can you tell me when the train _ for

7、 Shanghai, sir? -Of course, I can. It _ half an hour ago. A. leaves; left B. will leave; leaves C. will leave; left D. leaves; has left 4) The film _ quite early. So we _ to the bookstore after that. （2019重庆，28） A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; to5. 在时间、条件状语

8、从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。 We will have to put off the sports meeting providing it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨我们将不得不推迟会议。 I cant leave unless my boss agrees. 除非老板同意，否则我不能走。 Notes: if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall 或will 表示意愿，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 你知道条件状语从句常

9、用些什么引导词吗?! 常用的引导条件状语从句的连词有：unless(除非)， in case (万一), as/so long as / while(只要), on condition that(以为条件，只要), if, provided / providing that, supposing / suppose that , assuring that, granted / granting that, on the understanding that，in the event that (如果、假设) You can go out to play as long as you _ (s

10、tay) in the back yard. He can use the bicycle on condition that he _ (return) it tomorrow. Supposing / Suppose he _ ( be) absent, what shall we do? In the event (that) she_, (inform) I will tell her. 例句stayreturnsishas not been informed 你知道引导时间状语从句的是哪些连词吗?! 1. 表示“当时候， 在时,” 的有：when, whenever, each ti

11、me, every time, next time, the first time, any time, the morning, the afternoon, the evening, the night, the day, the week, the month, the year, the spring, the summer, the autumn, the winter例如:1. Id like to see you whenever it is convenient. 2. Each time I meet him, he will give me some advice.3. -

12、Can I join your club, Dad? -You can when you _ a bit older. (NMET 1994) A. get B. will C. are getting D. will have gotA 2. 表示“一就”的连词有：as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, directly, immediately, instantly例句:1) Ill return the book to him the moment I see him next week. 2) Hell

13、e-mail you immediately he gets to New York. 3) Zhou Lan is sure to help you the moment _ his work. A. he will finish B. he finishes C. he finished D. he has finished 3. Before 在之前, after在之后, until直到, once一旦1) It will be a long time _ Frank _ back from abroad. A. before; comes B. since; has come C. w

14、hen; will come D. after; will 2) -Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? -Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. (03春招) A. after B. unless C. until D. when 3) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicin

15、e on human patients. (04福建) A. since B. after C. before D. when 6. 用一般现在时表将来的特别句型和短语1) 句型see to it that, make sure that和hope等从句中的动词都常用现在时表将来 Ill see to it that I _ the reference book on time. A. return B. could return C. have returned D. will return Please make sure the windows _ closed. A. is B. ar

16、e C. will be D. be 2) 一些介词短语的现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如：be at hand, be well on the way, in store etc.(1) The Spring Festival is at hand. = The Spring Festival is coming. = The Spring Festival is on the way. (2) The building is well on the way to being completed.AB一般现在时的基本用法你记住了吗?!1 表示客观事实或普通真理.(不受时间限制)2 表示现在

17、经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, once a week 等表示频率的时间状语连用.3 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。4 表示安排或计划好的肯定会出现或按时间表、议事日程将要发生的动作或状态。5. 一些介词短语的现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如：be at hand, be well on the way, in store etc.; 特别句型see to it that用现在时表将来.6. 在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。The sun _ .The man _ .is ris

18、ingis walkingII. Present continuous tense 1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作(时间点动作) ,表明动作未完成。延续性动词有暂时性含义。 -what are you doing? -I am writing a letter. It s raining heavily now, so we must stay inside.The water _ .is boiling2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的(时间段)动作。 Jane is studying law while her sister is doing physics. 简在学习法律而她的姐姐在学习物理。

19、 He is teaching English and learning Chinese. 他正在一边教英语一边学中文。-Is this raincoat yours? -No, mine _ there behind the door. (NMET 2019) A. hangs B. has hung C. is hanging D. hung3. 表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词，如come，go， leave，move，die，start，stop，arrive等，及少数延续性动词，如spend，stay等。(1) She is leavin

20、g for Guangzhou next week(2) We are spending the whole summer holiday in Beijing soon(3) I _ Mr. Wang tonight. 我今晚要去见王先生。(4) I _ to Qingdao for the summer holiday this year. 我计划今年去青岛过暑假。 am meetingam going4. 与always often forever often等频度副词连用表示经常反复的行为或赞扬、厌烦、生气等情绪。 The girl is always talking loud in

21、public. 那个女孩总爱当众大声喧哗。 She is often borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back. 她经常借钱却忘记还。 She is constantly complaining about her fate. 她不停地抱怨自己的命运不好。You _ things about. Look, what a mess in your big study! A. always throw B. have always thrown C. have always been throwing D. are always throwing

22、Notes: 以下四类动词不宜用现在进行时。A 表示心理状态、情感的动词 Like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, needB 表示存在状态的动词 be, appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to, depend onC 表示瞬间动作的动词 allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, completeD 表示感官的动词 see, hear, notice, smell, sound, taste, look (

23、但是feel，see(接见)，hear(听)可用进行时) 1. He _ not deaf, instead, he _ very well. 2. -Youre drinking too much. -Only at home. No one _ me but you. A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. sawishearsC(2) The writer _ (write) a novel these days(3) Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phon

24、es while they _ (drive) has increased greatly. 现在进行时的一些特殊含义1) 表示目前反复发生的动作或者表示“在做某事的过程中”，然而此时动作不一定正在进行之中(1) But scientists are working hard to turn them into realitiesis writingare drivingHow are you feeling today？ = How do you feel today？ 3) 表达婉转语气 I am hoping to hear from you soon 2) 有些表示身体感觉的动词，如h

25、urt，ache， feel等使用现在进行时和一般现在时区别不大。你能说出现在进行时的基本用法了吗?!1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作(时间点动作) ,表明动作未完成。延续性动词的进行式反而是暂时性短暂性含义。2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的(时间段)动作。3. 表示按计划、方案或安排而进行的将来的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词，如come，go， leave，move，die，start，stop，arrive等，及少数延续性动词，如spend，stay等。4. 与always often forever often等频度副词连用表示经常反复的行为或赞扬、厌烦、生气等情绪。 III.

26、The present perfect tense1 表示反复发生的经历 He has hosted the show eight times. 他已经连续八次主持表演。 Billy Crystal has been in many films and television shows. 贝利克克里斯托已经出演过多部电影和电视剧。 We _ to the Great Wall many times. 我们已去过长城多次。have been2 表示动作发生在过去，但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响。 He has paid his income tax. 他已经交了个人所得税。 Doctors _ t

27、hat people who laugh a lot live longer! 医生们已经发现经常大笑的人长寿。3 与持续时间连用表示动作发生在过去但持续到现在。 My mother has been ill for three days. 我妈妈已经生病3天。 Most of us _ English for 5 years. 我们大部分人已经学了5年英语了。have foundhave studied4 下列句型中常用现在完成时。 It is (has been) +一段时间 since +从句 This (that/ It ) is the first (second) time tha

28、t + 完成时 This (That/ It) is the best/ finest / most interesting.+that+完成时 Its/ It _ 3 years since they got married. Its the first time that I _ to the Great Wall. This is the most interesting film that I _. has beenhave beenhave seenNotes: 在时间或条件状语从句中，要用现在完成时代替将来完成时, 也可以用一般现在时。 If you have done the e

29、xperiment, youll understand the theory better. 如果你做完试验，你会更好地理解这个理论的。 Dont get off the bus until it _. 车停稳之前，别忙着下车。has stopped / stops一般过去时与现在完成时的区分时间上有差异：凡有具体的过去时间，均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如：ago, last year, just now, the other day 等。现在完成时可跟不确定的过去时间、频度时间和延续到现在的时间连用.结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过

30、去时强调的动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系。I _ English at university for three years, but now Ive forgot it. A. have studied B. had studied C. studied D. would study你已经记住了现在完成时的基本用法了吗?1 表示反复发生的经历2 表示动作发生在过去，但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响。3 表示动作发生在过去但持续到现在。4 下列句型中常用现在完成时。 It is (has been) +一段时间 since +从句 This (that/ It ) is the first (se

31、cond) time that + 完成时 This (That/ It) is the best/ finest / most interesting.+that+完成时与现在完成时连用的几种时间状语:1. 现在完成时往往同表示不具体或者不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等1) He has already obtained a scholarship. 2) I havent seen much of him recently (lately) . 3) We _ that film before. 4) _

32、 they _ the missing child yet. have seenHavefound2. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, three times, on several occasion等:1) Have you ever been to New York? 2) I have never heard Simon say anything against her. 3) I _ (use) this pen only three times. It is still good. 4) Georg

33、e _ (meet) that gentleman on several occasions. have usedhas met3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to now, up to present, these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning / week / month / year, now, just, today, so far, in the last three weeks / months / years等:1) Man has now learned to release e

34、nergy from the nucleus of the atom. 2) Peter _ six papers so far. 3) There _ too much rain in San Francisco this year. has writtenhas been4. 短暂性动词的现在完成时不能与延续性时间状语连用.1) Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 2) The Green family _ London for nearly two

35、years. They all miss their hometown very much. A. left B. have been away form C. am not enjoying D. will leave 3) -How long have Mr. Wang and his wife _? -Its been 10 years since they _. A. married; married B. married; were married C. been married; got married D. got married; were married IV. the pr

36、esent perfect continuous tense 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，并且有可能还要继续下去。 Chinese have been making paper for more than 2000 years. 中国造纸的历史已有2000多年了。 Doctors _ that question for many years. 多年来，医生们一直在研究这个问题。 The children _ TV all morning. 孩子们一上午一直在看电视。have been researchinghave bee watching1. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表

37、示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示已经产生结果，而后者表示即将产生结果。 We have been cleaning the classroom. We have cleaned the classroom.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别还没有最后结果已经有结果2. 现在完成进行时一般有延续性、未完成性，没有时间状语的现在完成时没有这些含义。They have been widening the road.They have widened the road.3. 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性Have you been meeting her lately？

38、Have you met her lately？尚未完成, 还没有最后结果已经完成, 已有最后结果可表示近期内一次性动作近期内重复动作4. 现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩。I have been wanting to meet you for long. I have long wanted to meet you. （a）句比（b）句更亲切，感情色彩强烈。-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. p

39、ainted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted I_ tired, but happy today. I _ my play since January, and now I _ for actors to perform in it. It _ exciting to think of them saying the words I_ for months. I have already found one enthusiastic actor who _ super.amhave been writingam look

40、ingisimaginingisCheck the answers(Part A P 9):have beenHe _a film right now, but _ to be in a play for many years.I _several advertisements for my play. We _them next week. Tickets _ on sale next week. Writing _ tough work, but I _ it will all be worthwhile, and I will be famous when the play _.is m

41、akinghas been planninghave designedare printingare goingishopeopensPart B P 9 I _ at the comedy Club tonight.am performing2 I _ my jokes in front of the mirror for the last three hours.have been practising3 My family _ to watch my show.is coming4 I _ nervous about the show.am词语辨析worth, worthy 和 wort

42、hwhile作形容词时，都有“值得的，有价值的，有意义的”等意思，但它们的用法和搭配不同。 worth只能作表语，后常接名词或V-ing形式(有被动含义)。如：The used car is still worth $2,000. 这辆二手车依然值2000美元。Is the exhibition worth a visit / visiting? 这个展览值得去参观吗? worthy可以作表语和定语。用作表语时，后常接of sth.或动词不定式。Lianyungang is worthy of a visit / to be visited. 连云港值得去看一看。He said he was

43、not worthy to accept such an honor. 他说他不应该接受这种荣誉。 The school has graduated many worthy young people. 这所学校培养了许多优秀的年轻人。 worthwhile可以作定语和表语。用作表语时，后接V-ing形式或动词不定式。如:Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. 谢谢你提出的很好的建议。Hangzhou is a beautiful place. It is worthwhile going / to go there. 杭州是个美丽的地方，值得一去。1

44、. She considers teaching a _ career.2. The time and expense involved in keeping up to date with all the changes has been_.3. I think this matter is _ our attention.4. The National Museum is _ of a visit.5. Theres nothing _ reading in this newspaper.6. It is _ to read the film again.worthwhile / wort

45、hyworthwhileworth / worthy ofworthyworthworthwhile1. I have already found one enthusiastic actor who is super. 我已经找到了一个非常优秀的热心演员。enthusiastic: adj. 热情的 You dont seem very enthusiastic about the party - dont you want to go tonight?enthusiasm noun U 热情 One of the good things about teaching young child

46、ren is their enthusiasm.After the accident he lost his enthusiasm for the sport.2 Writing is tough work, but I hope it will all be worthwhile. 写作是很辛苦的工作，但我希望它会是值得的。 tough: adj. 艰苦的,艰难的They will be a tough team to beat.The company is going through a tough time at the moment.Many homeless people are f

47、acing a tough winter.2019高考试题链接1. The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt lived D. doesnt live2. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping3. I have to go to work by taxi bec

48、ause my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 4. The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going5. -I dont suppose the police know who did it. -

49、 Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned6. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter. A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching ove

50、r7. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served8. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off9. I wont tell the stude

51、nt the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked10. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are unco

52、vering D. have uncovered你还敢再试身手? 来吗?(2000全国) The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 2. Although he has lived with us for years, he _ us much impression. A hadnt left B didnt leave C doesnt l

53、eave D hasnt left2. (2019春季) The men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that3. (2019春季) Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken4. (2019春季) Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose

54、 B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose5. (2019上海) He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate6. (2019北京) Come and see me whenever _. A. you are convenient B. you will be conveni

55、ent C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you7. (2019重庆卷) You can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however8. (2019安徽卷) You must keep on working in the evening _ you are sure you can finish the task in time. A. as B. if C. when D. unle

56、ss9.What would you do if it _ tomorrow? （2019全国卷） We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining10. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. （2019年上海） A. have survive B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive 1

57、1. (NMET 2019年)All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_. A has grown B is growing C grew D had grown 12. _ David and Vicky _ married? For about three years. (NMET 2019年北京) A How long were; being B How long have; got C How long have; been D How long did; get1

58、3. John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. (NMET 2019年春季北京) A had been; have seen B have been; have seen C had been; had seen D have been; had seenTranslate the following sentences:Nowadays, stand-

59、up comedy _ popular all over the world.No one _ being made fun of before the public.People who laugh a lot _ longer.1. 如今，单口喜剧在全世界深受人们欢迎。2. 没有人喜欢在众人面前受到愚弄。3.喜欢笑的人寿命长。isappreciateslive 火车将在上午9：00点钟开。 The train _ at nine in the morning. 那个小孩总是爱惹麻烦。 That boy _ trouble. 我做完家庭作业就去你家。 Ill go to your home

60、when I _ my homework. 你在逛街的时候别忘了交通规则。 While you _ around the street, dont forget the traffic rules. startsis always makinghave finishedare going用所给动词的一般现在时，现在完成时，现在进行时或现在完成进行时的形式填充。 -How long_ David and Vicky _ _(marry)?-For about three years.2.Come and see me whenever it _ (be) convenient to you.3.