缺铁性贫血巨幼细胞贫血

1、缺铁性贫血巨幼细胞贫血Iron Deficiency AnemiaWhat is Iron Deficiency Anemia? Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common anemia(low red blood cell level) caused by insufficient dietary intake and absorption of iron, and/or iron loss from intestinal bleeding.Iron deficiency causes approximately half of all anemia c

2、ases worldwide, and affects women more often than men. Iron Deficiency AnemiaIron depletion Iron deficient erythropoiesis Iron deficiency anemiaIron deficiency can be divided into three phasesThe first phaseThe second phaseThe third phaseCauseI D ABlood Loss A lack of iron in the diet An inability t

3、o absorb iron Preg-nancy PathogenesisThe influence on iron metabolismThe influence on hematopoietic systemThe influence on the metabolism of tissue cells HemogramHuman blood from a case of iron deficiency anemia Peripheral blood film of a patient with iron deficiency anemia HemogramBlood smear of a

4、patient withiron deficiency anemiaat 40 x enhancement Megaloblastic AnemiaWhat is Megaloblastic Anemia? Megaloblastic anemia is an anemia (of macrocyticclassification) that results from inhibition ofDNA synthesisin red blood cell production. The obstruction of DNA synthesis leads to continuing cell

5、growth without division, which presents as macrocytosis. . Causevitamin B12deficiency folic acid deficiencyothers The inhibition of DNA synthesisMgACausePathogenesisThe defect in red cell DNA synthesis is most often due to hypovitaminosis, specifically a deficiency ofvitamin B12 and/orfolic acid. Wh

6、en DNA synthesis is impaired, thecell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage. The pathological state of megaloblastosis is characterized by many large immature and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts) in the bone marrow and also byhypersegmented neutrophils.H

7、ematological findingsDecreasedred blood cell (RBC) count andhemoglobinlevelsIncreasedmean corpuscular volume(MCV, 95 fl) andmean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH)Thereticulocytecount is decreased.Theplateletcount may be reduced.Neutrophil granulocytesmay showmultisegmentednucleiAnisocytosis(increased variation in RBC size) and poikilocytosis(abnormally shaped RBCs).Macrocytes(larger than normal RBCs) are present.Ovalocytes(oval-shaped RBCs) are present.Howell-Jolly bodies(chromosomal remnant) also pre