绕线机开题报告

1、本科毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目：智能绕线机控制电路的设计课题类型：设计实验研究口 论文口学生姓名：学号：专业班级：自动化073电气工程学院2011年3月学院:指导教师：开题时间：2011 年 3 月 15 日一、毕业设计（论文）内容及研究意义（价值）内容： 用单片机作为控制模块， 设计一智能绕线机控制器电路，主要任务包括： 键盘电路、单片机控制器电路的选择和设计、圈数显示电路的设计等。意义： 对智能绕线机控制器电路进行设计， 对提高电子产品质量、 降低劳动强度有积极意义、毕业设计（论文）研究现状和发展趋势（文献综述）绕线机是电气生产行业常见加工设备， 其结构、控制系统、功能随着行业生产工艺的

2、需求， 迫使绕线机生产单位加大技术投入和研发， 以适应现代漆包线加 工的高品质要求，从传统机械式、数控型、半自动型、全自动机型，绕线加工早 已不再是费时费力的工 作。目前我国绕线机生产单位已超百家， 但有将近一半的生产单位没有技术研发 能力，技术停留在抄袭和仿制阶段， 造成了市场机种单一， 产品无论是外观还是配置无技术亮点， 绕线机技术的核心是控制系统， 目前国内厂家大多采用由系统供应商提供的成套控制系统，产品标准一旦制定无法根据客户工艺要求作修改， 由于部分控制系统供应商对绕线机行业的工艺要求并不熟悉， 导致了许多好看而 并不实用的功能，绕线机厂家对控制系统的技术应用掌握程度也影响着制造工

3、艺，目前市场上多见的是普通数控型、 CNC 机 型和厂家自制控制系统的机型。未来随着行业工艺要求的提高，绕线机控制技术必将向着自动化、智能化等方向发展， 全自动机型就是在这种行业需求的推动下研发而成的， 实现了一人看 管多台设备，极大程度的满足了高产能的要求； 全伺服控制应用于绕线机大大提 高了绕线机的绕线精度，满足了高品质线圈的加工要求，未来更智能化、 绕线精 度更高的机型必将诞生以满足电气行业的发展要求。三、毕业设计（论文）研究方案及工作计划（含工作重点与难点及拟米用的途径）设计的重点和难点：重点是驱动电路、检测电路、显示电路。难点是检测电路、驱动电路的图精度、驱动电路及单片机系统的编程。

4、拟采用的途径：本设计中的全自动绕线机单片机控制系统 ，主要由键盘电路、驱动电路、检 测电 路、显示电路和单片机控制系统组成。 通过单片机控制系统，对宜流电动机 主轴的转 速进行控制，通过检测电路和单片机控制系统监测并控制宜流电机转 数，绕线参数需要 键盘来输入，并在显示模块上显示，按键应尽M少。据以上所 述可绘出总的系统结构图，如图1所不。键席通路 显示电路介,单片机驱动电路介检测电路电机图1单片机控制电路系统结构图工作计划第一到第五周是毕业实习第一周 ( 2.21-2.27 ) ：在网上及图书馆查看相关资料，初步了解绕线机相 关信 息。第二、三周 ( 2.28-3.13 ) ：完成毕业设计开

5、题报告。第四周 ( 3.14-3.20 ) ：详细了解智能绕线机的工作原理及其控制电路的构 成，完 成相关的调研。第五周(3.21-3.27) ：系统需求分析，逻辑模型、概要模型的建立。第六周(3.28-4.3 )：完成驱动电路的设计。第七周(4.4-4.10)：完成检测电路的设计。第八周(4.11-4.17) ：完成键盘电路的设计。第九周(4.18-4.24) ：完成显示电路的设计。第十、十一、十二周 ( 4.25-5.15 ) ：完成程序的软件设计。第十三周(5.16-5.22) ：完成程序的调试。第十四周(5.23-5.29) ：给予老师整体检查。第十五周(5.30-6.5 )：完成设计

6、的修改。第十六周(6.6-6.12 )：准备毕业设计答辩。第十七周 ( 6.13-6.19 ) ：毕业设计答辩。10 篇，期刊类文献不少于 7 篇，应有一定数量的外3 个页面以上）及其译文）1陈术辉，钟汉如.基于速度和位置闭环控制的绕线机控制方法J.科学技术 与工程2006年15期2周跃红，赖兴余.绕线机新型数控系统控制模式的研究J.机电产品开发与 创新2007年05期3高振华，梁荣海，姜宗林.数控绕线机研究与设计J.现代制造技术与装备 2006年02期4周兴华.用单片机控制宜流电机变速J.电子制作2006年06期 陈景贤 却片机控制的宜流电机PWM调速控制器设计J.湛江师范学院学 报,200

7、8年03期6 陈卫东 ， 钱晓耀.直流电机微机闭环控制的设计J. 日用电器 ,2006 年 06 期7赵晓东.全自动绕线机的研制J.电子工业专用设备2010年11期Ali Bekir Yildiz . Large-signal analysis of DC motor drive system using state-space averagi ng tech niq ueJE nergy Conv ersi on and Man ageme nt 6lume 49, Issue 11, November 2008, Pages 3069-3074Gerasimos G. Rigatos .

8、Adaptive fuzzy control of DC motors using state and output feedback J . Electric Power Systems Research Volume 79, Issue 11, November 2009,Pages 1579-1592Gerasimos G. Rigatos . Speed Control of DC Motor J . ISA Transactions Volume 48, Issue 1, Jan uary 2009, Pages 62-72Speed Control of DC MotorRegul

9、ator SystemsA regulator system is one which normally provides output power in its steady-state operation.For example, a motor speed regulator maintains the motor speed at a constant value despite variations in load torque. Even if the load torque is removed ,the motor must provide sufficient torque

10、to overcome the viscous friction effect of the bearings. Other forms of regulator also provide output power; A temperature regulator must maintain the temperature of, say, an oven constant despite the heat loss in the oven. A voltage regulator must also maintain must output voltage constant despite

11、variation in the load current. For any system to provide an output, e.g., speed, temperature, voltage, etc, an error signal must exist under steady-state conditions. Electrical BrakingIn many speed control system, e.g., rolling mills mine winders, etc., the load has to be frequently brought to a sta

12、ndstill and reversed. The rate at which the speed reduces following a reduced speed demand is dependent on the stored energy and the braking system used. A small speed control system (sometimes known as a velodyne) can employ mechanical braking, but this is not feasible with large speed controllers

13、since it is difficult and costly to remove the heat generated.The various methods of electrical braking avaiable are:Regenerative braking.Eddy current braking.Dynamic braking.Reverse current braking(plugging).Regenerative braking is the best method, though not necessarily the most economic. The stor

14、ed energy in the load is converted into electrical energy by the work motor(acting temporarily as a generator) and is returned to the power supply system. The supply system thus acts as a “ sink ” into which the unwanted energy is delivered. Providing the supply system has adequate capacity, the con

15、sequent rise in terminal voltage will be small during the short periods of regeneration. In the Ward-Leonard method of speed control of DC motors, regenerative braking is inherent, but thyristor drives have to be arranged to invert to regenerate. Induction motor driver can regenerate if the rotor sh

16、aft is driven faster than speed of the rotating field. The advent of low-cost variable variable-frequency supplies from thyristor inverters have brought about considerable charges in the use of induction motors in variable speed drives.Eddy current braking can be applied to any machine, simply by mo

17、unting a copper or aluminium disc on the shaft and rotating it in a magnetic field. The problem of removing the heat generated is severe in large system as the temperature of the shaft, bearing, and motor will be raised if prolonged braking is applied.In dynamic breaking, the stored energy is a resi

18、stor in the circuit. When applied to small DC machines, the armature supply is disconnected and a resistor is connectedacross the armature (usually by a relay, contactor, or thyristor). The field voltage is maintained, and braking is applied down to the lowest speed. Induction motors require a somew

19、hat more complex arrangement, the stator windings being disconnected from the AC supply and reconnected to a DC supply. The electrical energy generated is then dissipated in the rotor circuit. Dynamic braking is applied to many large AC hoist system where the braking duty is both severe and prolonge

20、d.Any electrical motor can be brought to a standstill by suddenly reconnecting the supply to reverse the direction of rotation (reverse current braking). Applied under controlled conditions, this method of braking is satisfactory for all drivers. Its major disadvantage is that the electrical energy

21、consumed by the machine when braking is equal to the stored energy in the load. This increases the running cost significantly in large drives.Equal pulse width PWM lawVVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) installs in the early time is uses PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) to control, its invent

22、or part which the technology realizes but only can output the frequency adjustable square-wave voltage not to be able to adjust the pressure. The pulse width PWM law are precisely in order to overcome, is in the PWM law which the PAM law this shortcoming development comes the simplest one kind. It i

23、s each pulse width equal pulse row took the PWM wave, through a change pulse row cycle may the frequency modulation, the change pulse width or the duty factor may adjust the pressure, uses the suitable control method then to cause the voltage and the frequency coordination change. Is opposite in the

24、 PAM law, this method merit simplified the electric circuit structure, enhanced the input end power factor, but simultaneously also has in the output voltage besides the fundamental wave, but also contains the big harmonic component.Stochastic PWMThat time the high efficiency transistor mainly for t

25、he bipolarity Daring ton triode, the carrier frequency generally did not surpass 5kHz, the vibration which the electrical machinery winding electromagnetism noise and the overtone created has aroused peoples interest. In order to obtain the improvement, the stochastic PWM method arises at the histor

26、ic moment. Its principle is the stochastic change turn-on frequency causes the electrical machinery electromagnetism noise to be limited to approximately the belt white noise (in linear frequency coordinate system, various frequencies energy distribution is even), although the noise a decibel number

27、 has not always changed, but weakens greatly take the fixed turn-on frequency as the characteristic colored noise intensity. Because of this, even if in IGBT by widespread application today, has had to limit regarding the carrier frequency is comparing the low frequency the situation, stochastic PWM

28、 still had its special value; On the other hand explained eliminates the machinery and the electromagnetism noise best method enhances the operating frequency blindly, the stochastic PWM technology was precisely provides an analysis, has solved this kind of question brand-new mentality. Spatial volt

29、age vector control PWMSpatial voltage vector control PWM (SVPWM) also calls the magnetic flux sinePWM law .It take the three-phase profile whole production effect as the premise, take approaches the electrical machinery air gap the ideal circular rotary field path as the goal, has the actual magneti

30、c flux with the inventor different switch pattern to approach the base director circle magnetic flux, by theirs comparison result decided the inventor the switch, forms the PWM profile. This law embarks from the electric motor angle, regards as the inventor and the electrical machinery a whole, insc

31、ribes the polygon to approach the circle the way to carry on the control, causes the electrical machinery to obtain the peak-to-peak value constant circular magnetic field (sine magnetic flux).The concrete method divides into the magnetic flux split-ring type and the magnetic flux closed loop type.

32、The magnetic flux split-ring law synthesizes an equivalent voltage vector with a two non-vanishing vector sum null vector, if the sampling time enough is small, may synthesize the random voltage vector. When this law output ratio-voltage sine-wave modulation enhances 15% close, sum of the harmonic c

33、urrent effective value smallest. The magnetic flux closed loop type introduces the magnetic flux feedback, controls the magnetic flux the size and the change speed .Estimates the magnetic flux after the comparison and assigns the magnetic flux, according to the error decided has the next voltage vec

34、tor, forms the PWM profile. This method has overcome the magnetic flux split-ring method insufficiency, when has solved the electrical machinery low speed, the stator resistance affects the major problem, reduced the electrical machinery pulsation and the noise. But because has not introduced the to

35、rque the adjustment, the system performance has not had the fundamental improvement.直流电机速度控制调节系统调节系统是一类通常能提供稳定输出功率的系统。 例如，电机速度调节器要能在负载转矩变化时仍能保持电机速度为恒定值。 即使负载转矩为零， 电机也必须提供足够的转矩来克服轴承的粘滞摩擦影响。 其 它类型的调节器也提供输出功率， 温度调节器必须保持炉内的温度恒定，也就是说，即使炉内的热量散失也必须保持炉温不变。 一个电压调节器必须也保持负载电流值变化时输出电压恒定。对于任何一个提供一个输出，例如速度、温度、电 压

36、等的系统，在稳态下必定存在一个误差信号。电气制动在许多速度控制系统中， 例如轧钢机， 矿坑卷扬机等这些负载要求频繁地停顿和反向运动的系统。 随着减速要求， 速度减小的比率取决于存储的能量和所使用的制动系统。一个小型速度控制系统（例如所知的伺服积分器） 可以采取机械制动，但这对大型速度控制器并不可行，因为散热很难并且很昂贵。可行的各种电气制动方法有：1 ）回馈制动。2 ）涡流制动。3 ）能耗制动。4 ）反向（接）制动。回馈制动虽然并不一定是最经济的方式， 但却是做好的方式。 负载中存储的 能量通过工作电机 （暂时以发电机模式运行） 被转化成电能并被返回到电源系统 中。这样电源就充当了一个收容不想

37、要的能量的角色。 假如电源系统具有足够的 容量，在短时回馈过程中最终引起的端电压升高会很少。 在直流电机速度控制沃特-勒奥那多法中，回馈制动是固有的，但可控硅传动装置必须被排布的可以反馈。如果轴转速快于旋转磁场的速度， 感应电机传动装置可以反馈。 有晶闸管换流器而来的廉价变频电源的出现在变速装置感应电机应用中引起了巨大的变化。涡流制动可用于任何机器， 只要在轴上安装一个铜条或铝盘并在磁场中旋转它即可。在大型系统中，散热问题很重要的，因为如果长时间制动，轴、轴承和 电机的温度就会升高。在能耗制动中，存储的能量消耗在回路电阻器上。用在小型直流电机上时， 电枢供电被断开，接入一个电阻器（通常是一个继电器、接触器或晶闸管） 。保 持磁场电压，施加制动降到最低速。感应电机要求稍微复杂一点的排布，定子绕组被从交流电源上断开，接到直流电源上。产生的电能继而消耗在转子回路中。能耗制动应用在许多大型交流升降系统中，制动的职责是反向和延长。任何电机都可以通过突然反接电源以提供反向的旋转方向 （反接制动） 来停 机。在