Unit-2-Reading(阅读和课文讲解)-课件(牛津译林版选修7)

1、Reading预习多维感知Step One：Fast ReadingRead the text and then choose the best answers. ( )1Who found penicillin?ADr.Thun.BAlexander Fleming.CHoward Florey. DErnst Chain.B2Because of _，mass production of penicillin started quickly.Athe development of scienceBthe development of medicineCthe Nobel Prize in

2、Physiology or MedicineDDWorld War 3According to the passage，penicillin can be used to treat the followings EXCEPT _.Aminor wounds BPneumonia（肺炎 ）Cdiabetes Dbacterial illnessesC4Why was penicillin called the greatest drug of the 20th century?( )ABecause it was found by Alexander Fleming.BBecause it o

3、nce made three people get the Nobel Prize.CBecause it was found in the 20th century.DBecause it saved millions of lives.D5According to the passage，aspirin (ASA) can _.B(1)reduce fever(2)reduce pain(3)reduce the risk of heart attacks(4)increase the length of peoples lives(5)prevent a stroke(6)reduce

4、the risk of colon cancer(7)treat pneumoniaA(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)B(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)C(1)(2)(4)(5)(7)D(1)(2)(3)(4)(7)Step Two：ListeningListen to the tape and answer the following questions.1When did people find that drinking a special kind of tea could reduce body pains and fever?_Nearly 3,500 years a

5、go.2When was penicillin first discovered?_3What award did Fleming，Florey and Chain share?_In 1928.The Nobel Prize in Medicine.Step Three：Careful ReadingRead the text and fill in the blanks.Names of1_AspirinPenicillinWho invented or discovered itDr.Felix HoffmannAlexander FlemingMedicinesWho put it i

6、nto 2._ or produced it The company Hoffmann worked forHoward Florey and Ernst ChainWhat is 3._ in the medicineSalicylic acid and some other 4._Blue mould use/practicecontainedchemicalsEffectsReducing fever and stopping _5_Reducing the risk of _6_attacks_7_ a stroke Treating illnesses caused by _10_p

7、ainheartPreventing/StoppingbacteriaEffectsReducing the risk of some cancerIncreasing the _8_ of peoples livesReducing blood sugar _9_Treating illnesses caused by _10_lengthlevelsbacteria1.重点讲述两种引发医学革命的药物focus on two drugs that started revolutions in medicine经证明对人类有益咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的叶子为了达到同样的功效1899年进行的首批

8、实验以粉末/药片的形式畅销的止疼药有的潜力Prove beneficial to mankindchew on leaves possessing a special chemicalfor the same effectthe first trials taking place in 1899the best-selling medicine for pain reliefhave the potential to doin powder form/ in the form of powder有助血液循环退烧/减轻疼痛/降血糖减少心脏病/癌症风险延长人们的寿命在当代社会有在某方面的应用Hel

9、p the blood circulate betterreduce fever/ pain/ blood sugar levels/ the risk of heart attacks/some cancers(by 40%)increase the length ofpeoples liveIn contemporary societyHave an application in sth.将这种酶试验于另一种细菌上净化批量生产加快政府批准程序共得诺贝尔医学奖由于盘尼西林的广泛使用try out on another bacteriamake pureproduce in large qua

10、ntities/ mass productionaccelerate the government approval processshare the (Medicine) Nobel Prize in/ for Medicinedue to the widespread of penicillin1. If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world, its likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.open upHe lai

11、d the book flat and opened it up.A new restaurant was opened up in town.I open up the store for the day at 8:30.The railway opened up the east of the country.The sales manager wants to open up new markets in the Far East. I find it hard to open up when trying to discuss my own problems.翻开营业开张开放开拓敞开心

12、扉，畅所欲言the reform and opening-up policyIt is probable that he will come.他很可能会来.probable adj. 很可能的，与likely意思相近，有时可以互换；possible的语气稍弱。它们各自的句型如下：Its probable/possible for sb. to do sth.Its probable/possible thatIts likely thatsb./sth. is likely to do sth. Its likely thatTry on the shoes/ clothes before y

13、ou buy them. 买鞋/衣服要先穿上试试再买。The method seems good but it needs to be tried out. Experts are trying out this medicine on mice. 试验They are trying out a new presenter for the show. 试用Shirley will try out for the lead in the play. 参加的选拔牛刀小试单项填空(1)_ the new medicine for a year and well see how well it wor

14、ks.ATry out BMake outCGive out DPick out解析：选A。句意：试用一年这种新药，我们就会知道它的效用有多大。从题干里的“我们以后就会知道它的效用有多大”可以推断出，我们是在对药进行试用。完成句子(2)杰米迫不及待地想试一下他那辆新自行车。Jamie could hardly wait _ his new bike.to try out(3)安娜是争取国际文凭的12名学生之一。Anna is one of 12 students _ the international diploma.trying for(4)去试穿一下这件毛衣，看是否合身。Go _ this

15、 sweater and see if it fits.try on5. trial n. C or U a test, usually over a limited period of time, to discover how effective orsuitable sth. or someone is:Theyve employed her for a six-month trial (period).他们雇佣她已经有6个月的试用期了.这个新方法正在试用his new method is on trial.6. inform=in the form ofThe lawn was lai

16、d out in the form of the figure eight.这块草坪是以八这个数字的形式设计的.in any shape or form:of any typeIm opposed to war in any shape or form.我反对任何形式的战争.7. contain: v. T not continuous to have something inside or include something as a part:How much liquid do you think this bottle contains?你认为这个瓶子里装有多少水?Try to avo

17、id foods which contain a lot of fat.尽量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物.注意比较: include：v. T to contain something as a part of something else, or to make something part of something else:The bill includes tax and service.帐单包括税收和服务.There are 30 students in our class, including me/ me included.我们班上有30个学生,包括我.4. that ASA cou

18、ld reduce the risk of colon cancer by 40 per cent. Lines25-26Eating a lot of green food helps _ .If you tell me the truth, you will _.By criticizing the boss he risked _ his job. (lose)reduce the risk of heart diseasereduce the risk of being scoldedlosing减少心脏病的危险减少挨骂的风险You have to take/run a lot of

19、risks if you want to succeed in business.Anyone swimming in this lake does so at his own risk. The disease is spreading and all young children are at risk.冒险有某人自担风险处境危险Guess the meaning of each phrase.5. He noted that Lines35 note: notice/write down1) Please note that this shop will be closed on Sun

20、days.2) He keeps a diary to note what happens to him.1) We should also read the notes on the text at the back of the book.2) He took another look and found it was a 10-pound note.3) We always take notes in class.4) At first I was going to write Kathy a note, but then I decided to call her instead.5)

21、 Lily has a nice voice but she had trouble hitting the high notes. Guess the meaning of “note (n.)” .注释纸币笔记便条音符8. in large quantities. Lines47-481) Buy vegetables _, and youll be given a very good discount.2) When young at college, dad bought books _, for life was too hard.in large quantitiesin smal

22、l quantities大量少量Large quantities of goods _ been stored for the winter.large/small quantities of + n. + pred. pl.a quantity of + /u/ + pred. singhaveLarge quantities of food _ been stored for the winter.haveA large quantity of beer _ been sold.has10. Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many liv

23、es were saved during World War II. Lines 50-51The flight will arrive late due to the heave fog.When is the next train due? /约定/预期 Please let me know when the rent is due in advance.（到期 ）The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.预定7 Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pa

24、in，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧和止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。句型巧析品味经典Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但学生反对这个计划，老师也反对。They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.他们不仅在班上说英语，在宿舍里也说。Not only does the sun give us light，bu

25、t also it gives us heat.太阳给我们提供光与热。自我探究本句中not only.but(also)连接两个并列分句。因not only放在句首，故其所在的分句使用了倒装结构。归纳拓展(1)语法功能：连接平行结构。,(2)主谓一致：not only.but(also).连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称与数遵循就近原则。(3)倒装：not only.but(also).连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句须部分倒装，but(also)后的分句不倒装。牛刀小试单项填空(1)The computer was used in teach

26、ing.As a result，not only _，but students became more interested in the lessons.Asaved was teachers energyBwas teachers energy savedCteachers energy was savedDwas saved teachers energy解析：选B。not only.but(also).连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句部分倒装。(2)Not only his parents but also his brother _ to th

27、e Summer Palace.They havent been back.Ahave been Bhave goneChas been Dhas gone解析：选D。句意：他的父母和哥哥都去颐和园了。他们还没有回来。not only.but also.连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数形式；再结合语境“他们还没有回来”可知，D项切题。8。If penicillin had not been available，many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.如果没有青

28、霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至是很小的伤口。品味经典If I had followed your advice，I would have got there earlier.如果我听从你的建议的话，我早就到那儿了。If it hadnt been for the big tree，the car would have fallen off the bridge.如果不是这棵大树，这辆汽车早从桥上翻下去了。If I were you，I should seize the chance to go abroad.如果我是你的话，我会抓住这个机会出国。If you came tomorrow，we w

29、ould have the meeting.如果你明天来的话，我们将开会。自我探究本句为虚拟语气句，对过去的事实作出假设。在这种情况下，条件状语从句通常用过去完成时，主句谓语形式为“would/should/could/mighthave done。”归纳拓展虚拟条件句主从句的谓语形式：从句谓语主句谓语虚拟现在(bewere)should/would/could/mightdo虚拟过去haddoneshould/would/could/mighthave done虚拟将来should动词原形/were to doshould/would/could/mightdo【注意】if 引导的虚拟条件句

30、中，若有were，should 以及had，则可以省去if，出现省略倒装形式。牛刀小试单项填空(1)(2011年高考北京卷)Maybe if I _ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.Astudied Bwould studyChad studied Dwas studying解析：选C。考查错综时间的虚拟语气。主句用的是would be able to.表示对现在情况的假设，但由if从句中的then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选had studied。(2)(2010年高考陕西卷)

31、If we _ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.Atake Bhad takenCtook Dhave taken解析：选B。句意：如果当初我们走另一条路，我们或许就能及时到这儿开会了。由主句谓语形式可知，该句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语形式为had done。(3)(2010年高考浙江卷)Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.Awould have been saved Bh

32、ad been savedCwill be saved Dwas saved解析：选A。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy _.故选A。句意：如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。两种挽救生命的药物这篇文章将着重讲述两种引发了医学革命的药物。倘若你打开世界上的任何一个药柜，或者走到任何一个卖药的柜台，都可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。自这两种药被发明以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。阿司匹林阿司匹林发明于1