2022年上海应用技术大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年上海应用技术大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【2009.04】Dont trust everything _ you have read in the newspapers. A、which B、that C、as D、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything，故选B。第2题【单选题】【2008.04】To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts _. A、functionally B、w

2、idely C、largely D、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个部分的功能。A. 有用途地、有功能地； B. 宽广地； C. 大大地； D. 突出地。第3题【单选题】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。【译文

3、】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的权力。【详细解答】A 统计学 B 建设 C 措施，办法 D 让步，特许权第4题【单选题】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查形容词词义区分。A 强烈的，极度的；B 最初的，开始的；C 立即的，即时的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，选A比较恰当。第5题【单选题】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the

4、sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off：爆炸，（闹铃）响。 第6题【单选题】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appoin

5、ted【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：本题考查词义辨析。详细解答：A 允许、同意；B 表扬、赞扬；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第7题【单选题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are

6、 a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted so

7、ils D、rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第8题【单选题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories

8、that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.

9、 C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差别的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，故选D。第9题【单选题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an

10、intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be g

11、ood for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处”。第10题【单选题】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the ri

12、ght of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的权力。【详细解答】A 统计学 B 建设 C 措施，办法 D 让步，特许权第11题【单选题】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正

13、确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新鲜且环境无噪音。in that 是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一个固定词组。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第12题【单选题】His intelligence will _ him to get a scholarship to college. A、enable B、persuade C、suggest D、employ【正确答案】A

14、【答案解析】题目意思： 他的聪明才智将使他获得大学奖学金。本题是动词词义选择题。本题是A 使能够、使可能 B 说服、劝说 C 建议、提议 D 雇佣第13题【单选题】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、in view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看来、 有鉴于；C. 过分、超出； D. 寻找、追求。第14题【单选题】

15、【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. _. Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it

16、heals. B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain, and back down again. C、The first message is the warning signal. D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals 组成的，所以紧接着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首

17、句意思。第15题【单选题】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up with C、keep up with D、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和.保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第16题【单选题】【阅读选择】And yet altho

18、ugh the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(抛弃) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their l

19、ast great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.

20、【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第17题【单选题】【阅读判断】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth

21、 - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担心他们的国家将被突发的洪水淹没。该题源于第一句：Kiribati

22、的国民担心在近期的某一天，他们的国家将会地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第18题【单选题】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A 计算、估算 B 证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D 激励、激发第19题【单选题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rod

23、ham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of

24、Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第20题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details

25、 of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scan

26、ning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第21题【单选题】【阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer lat

27、er than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A、Unequal access to medical care. B、Greater probability of having other diseases. C、Differences in the biology of the cancer. D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出bla

28、cks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第22题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第23题【单选题】【2010.04】There is something

29、wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it _. A、repair B、to repair C、repairing D、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第24题【单选题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such

30、as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正确答案】C【

31、答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第25题【单选题】【2007.04】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A、was not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第26题【单选

32、题】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A 亲自地; B 几乎不; C 个别地; D 可靠地第27题【单选题】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、c

33、alculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A 计算、估算 B 证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D 激励、激发第28题【单选题】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西，你就有可能糊涂

34、了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第29题【单选题】【2009.10】So far scientists have only acquired _ understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正确答案】A第30题【单选题】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image Laur

35、a sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样式完全相符。A. 关闭； B.制定、放下； D. 与相同、与相符。第31题【单选题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents

36、prefer not to send their children to school. _. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents. C、Learning starts with the chi

37、ldrens interests and questions. D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了home-schoolers，根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定义，因此选D。第32题【单选题】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正确答案】D【答案解

38、析】【译文】除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。【试题分析】短语意义区分题。【详细解答】A 至于，关于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第33题【单选题】【阅读选择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local village. This farm will be a model for

39、the local villagers so they can start their very own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farm _. A、is difficult to build B、is a type of farm without soil C、will cost lots of money D、was starte

40、d in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本段。再通过排除法可以判定B项是正确的。因为A和C表述的内容文章并没有提到过。D项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponics farm。是他们到了之后，帮忙建立了一个模型。第34题【单选题】【2009.04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的

41、引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情；B 哪一个；C （无词义）；D 谁。第35题【单选题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did. _ by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to

42、figure out in advance what will happen. A、The stock market had its worst losses ever B、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat C、So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately D、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很

43、重要，不能像中学生那样猜测。这一空的关键词是experts，他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第36题【单选题】【2009.04】Dont trust everything _ you have read in the newspapers. A、which B、that C、as D、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything，故选B。第37题【单选题】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to pro

44、tect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的权力。【详细解答】A 统计学 B 建设 C 措施，办法 D 让步，特许权第38题【单选题】【阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest

45、of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain

46、. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是正确的答案。第

47、39题【单选题】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separation B、cooperation C、correspondence D、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第40题【单选题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in peop

48、le who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in

49、 homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第41题【单选题】T

50、hey are eager _ abroad. A、travel B、travelled C、to travel D、travelling【正确答案】C【答案解析】be eager to do sth：渴望做某事。句意：他们盼望出国旅行。 第42题【单选题】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、realized D、supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。A “公开发表、公布或发布（新闻）” B 专门从事、专攻

51、 C 意识到、领悟 D 假定、猜想。整句话的意思是：政府最终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第43题【单选题】【2009.01】Children have a natural_about the world around them. A、certainty B、capability C、cleverness D、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义选择。A 确定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聪颖；D 好奇心，求知欲。 第44题【单选题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water

52、 ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given

53、【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故选A。第45题【单选题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor

54、of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist（性别歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及时的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equality D、its connection with humans【正确答案】C【

55、答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）names作为答案线索词）中最后一句判断答案为C（与性别有关）。第46题【单选题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married

56、are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone. C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Ame

57、ricans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立”有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的“妇女有好的工作，增加了独身的人数”与前句内容正好呼应。第47题【单选题】【阅读判断】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: F

58、ermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。Fermi在1938年获诺贝尔奖，四年以后才建立核连锁反应的。第48题【单选题】No sooner had they got off the train _ it started moving. A、when B、than C、then D、afte

59、r【正确答案】B【答案解析】句首是No sooner，与它搭配的是than，no soonerthan：一就。与这个搭配类似的是hardlywhen/before。第49题【单选题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought ab

60、out getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because_. A、it would make him look old. B、it would make him nervous. C、it was too expensive. D、it w