URDG758(中英对照)

1、 URDG758TheURDG758aretheUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees-effective01July2010.ForewordThisrevisionofICCsUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees(URDG)isthefirstsincetherulesweredevelopedbyICCin1991.Theoriginalrules,URDG458,gainedbroadinternationalacceptanceinrecentyearsfollowingtheirincorporationbytheWorldBank

2、initsguaranteeformsandtheirendorsementbyUNCITRALandleadingindustryassociations,suchasFIDIC.Thisfirstrevisionoftheruleswasmeticulouslypreparedoveraperiodoftwoandahalfyears,andistheresultofacollectiveeffortbyanumberofICCconstituentgroups.ItwasdevelopedasajointprojectbytwoICCcommissions-theBankingCommi

3、ssionandtheCommissiononCommercialLawandPractice-thereforetakingintoaccountthelegitimateexpectationsofallrelevantsectors.ICCnationalcommitteescontributedsubstantiallytothefinalproduct:some52nationalcommitteessubmittedseveralhundredpagesofvaluablesuggestionsonsuccessivedrafts,anumberofwhichwereincorpo

4、ratedintothefinaltext.TheICCTaskForceonGuarantees,whichconsistedof40membersfrom26countries,reviewedthevariousdraftsandaddedtheirownsuggestions.TheURDGDraftingGroup,ablychairedbyDrGeorgesAffaki,metonanumberofoccasions,carefullyreviewedallcommentssubmittedbynationalcommitteesandtheTaskForceanddevelope

5、dthefinaldraft.Thiscollectiveefforthasbornefruit;ithasproducedrulesthatreflectabroadconsensusamongbankers,usersandallmembersoftheguaranteecommunity.Infact,thepresentrevisionoftheURDGdoesnotmerelyupdatetheexistingrules.Itistheresultofanambitiousprojecttocreateanewsetofrulesforthetwenty-firstcenturyth

6、atisclearer,morepreciseandmorecomprehensive.Assuch,URDG758isdestinedtobecomethestandardtextfordemandguaranteesworldwide.JeanRozwadowskiSecretaryGeneralInternationalChamberofCommerceJanuary2010 IntroductionThenewURDG758succeedURDG458.Over17yearsofpractice(1992-2009),URDG458provedtobebothsuccessfuland

7、reliable.Theywereusedbybanksandbusinessesacrosscontinentsandindustrysectors.URDG458wereendorsedbyinternationalorganizations,multilateralfinancialinstitutions,bankregulators,lawmakersandprofessionalfederations.IncontrasttothefailedUniformRulesforContractGuarantees(URCG325),URDG458reflectedtherealityo

8、ftheinternationaldemandguaranteemarketandstruckthemostreasonablebalancebetweentheinterestsofallthepartiesinvolved.BychoosingtoinstructaguarantortoissueademandguaranteesubjecttoURDG,applicantsrenouncedtheirabilitytoobstructpaymentforreasonsderivedfromtheirrelationshipwiththebeneficiary.Inturn,benefic

9、iarieswereexpectedtostateingeneralterms-butnottojustify,establishorprove-thenatureoftheapplicantsbreachintheperformanceoftheunderlyingrelationship.Finally,becauseademandguaranteeisanindependentundertaking,guarantorswereassuredthattheircommitmentwassubjecttoitsownterms.Theywereinsulatedfromtheperform

10、ancecontingenciesoftheunderlyingrelationship.Theirincrementaluse,backedbythesupportofICC,enabledURDG458tomakeacriticalcontributiontowardslevellingtheplayingfieldamongdemandguaranteeissuersandusersregardlessofthelegal,economicorsocialsysteminwhichtheyoperate.Yet,URDG458formedthefirstattemptbyICCtocod

11、ifyindependentguaranteepractice.Overtheyears,theapplicationoftheirprovisionsshedlightontheneedfordraftingadjustments,clarifications,expansionofscopeorclearcorrectionsoftheadoptedstandard.ViewsreportedtotheICCTaskForceonGuaranteesfromURDGusersworldwideprovidedthenecessarymaterialtolauncharevisionofUR

12、DG458thatboththelapseoftimeandtheevolutionofpracticemadenecessary.Therevisionwaslaunchedin2007andwasconductedundertheaegisofboththeICCBankingCommissionandtheCommissiononCommercialLawandPractice(CLP).TheICCTaskForceonGuarantees,thestandingexpertbodycreatedbyICCin2003tomonitorinternationalguaranteepra

13、ctice,actedasaconsultativebodytoaDraftingGroupthatproducedfivecomprehensivedraftsduringthetwoandahalfyearrevisionprocess.EachdraftwassubmittedforreviewandcommentstoICCnationalcommittees.Over600setsofcommentswerereceivedfromatotalof52countriesandwerethoroughlyexamined.Thesecommentswereinstrumentalins

14、hapingthenewrules.RegularprogressreportswerepresentedtomeetingsofeachoftheICCcommissionsconsideringtherulesandwerecomprehensivelydebated.Thismethodensuredthattherevisiontakesintoaccountviewsreceivedfromabroadcross-sectorofconcernedparties.TheresultingURDG758wereadoptedbytheICCExecutiveBoardon3Decemb

15、er2009,followingendorsementbythemembersofthetwosponsoringcommissions.TheywillcomeintoforceonJuly1,2010.Thenewrulesapplytoanydemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteewhereincorporatedbyreferenceinthetext.Theycanalsoapplyastradeusageorbyimplicationfromaconsistentcourseofdealingbetweenthepartiestothedemandgua

16、ranteeorcounter-guaranteewheresoprovidedbytheapplicablelaw.ThenewURDG758donotmerelyupdateURDG458;theyaretheresultofanambitiousprocessthatseekstobringanewsetofrulesfordemandguaranteesintothe21stcentury,rulesthatareclearer,morepreciseandmorecomprehensive.ClearerURDG.ThenewURDG758aimforclarity.Theyadop

17、tthedraftingstyleofICCsuniversallyacceptedUniformRulesforDocumentaryCredits(UCP600)bybringingtogetherthedefinitionsoftermsinonearticle.Theyalsobringamuchneededclarificationoftheprocessaccordingtowhichapresentationwillbecheckedforconformity.MorepreciseURDG.AnumberofthestandardscontainedinURDG458lefta

18、marginforinterpretationthatvariedaccordingtotheparticularfactsofthecase.Thiswasparticularlytrueforthetermsreasonabletimeandreasonablecare.ThenewURDGhaveexcludedallimprecisestandardswithanaimtofostercertaintyandpredictability.Examplesaretimedurationsfortheexaminationofademand,theextensionofaguarantee

19、inthecaseofforcemajeure,andthesuspensionoftheguaranteeinthecaseofanextendorpaydemand.MorecomprehensiveURDG.ImportantpracticeswereleftoutofURDG458.Thiswasparticularlythecasefortheadviceofaguarantee,amendments,standardsforexaminationofpresentations,partial,multipleandincompletedemands,linkageofdocumen

20、ts,andtransferofguarantees.Inaddition,therewasonlyfragmentarytreatmentofcounter-guarantees.Whatwasunderstandableatthetimeofthefirstattempttocodifydemandguaranteepracticecannolongerbeaccepted17yearslater.ThenewURDG758nowcoverallofthesepracticesandmakeclearthatprovisionsgoverningguaranteesapplyequally

21、tocounter-guarantees.BalancedURDG.ThenewURDG758endorseandbuildonthebalancedapproachthatcharacterizedURDG458.Forexample:-Thebeneficiaryisentitledtopaymentuponpresentationofacomplyingdemandwithouttheneedfortheguarantortoseektheapplicantsapproval.ThenewURDGalsocorrectanunfairsituationthatwouldhaveleftt

22、hebeneficiarywithoutrecoursetotheguaranteeinthecaseofforcemajeureifitsexpirycoincidedwiththeinterruptionoftheguarantorsbusiness.-Theguarantorsindependentroleisexpressedinstrongerandclearertermsand,moreimportantly,itisnowexpressedinexclusivelydocumentaryterms.ThenewURDGexpecttheguarantortoactdiligent

23、ly.Forinstance,aguarantorisexpectedtorejectanon-complyingdemandwithinfivebusinessdaysbysendingarejectionnoticethatlistsallofthediscrepancies;otherwise,theguarantorwillbeprecludedfromclaimingthatthedemandisnon-complyingandwillbecompelledtopay.LargelyacceptedindocumentarycreditpracticeundertheUCP,thep

24、reclusionsanctionisnecessarytodisciplineunfairpracticesthatworktothedetrimentofthebeneficiary.-Theapplicantsrighttobeinformedoftheoccurrenceofthekeystagesinthelifecycleoftheguaranteeisacknowledgedinthenewrules.However,thisinformationshouldnotbeaprerequisiteforpaymentwhenacomplyingdemandispresented.I

25、nnovativeURDG.ThenewURDG758featureanumberofinnovationsdictatedbythedevelopmentofpracticeandtheneedtoavoiddisputes.Anexampleisthenewrulethatproposesasubstitutionofcurrencieswhenpaymentinthecurrencyspecifiedintheguaranteebecomesimpossible.Anotherexampleisthenewterminationmechanismforguaranteesthatstat

26、eneitheranexpirydatenoranexpiryevent.Thissolutionisexpectedtoreducethenumberofopen-endedguaranteesthatseverelypenalizeapplicantsandareincompatiblewiththebankscapitalrequirements.TheGuide.Therationale,preparatoryworkandinterpretationofeacharticleofthenewURDG758canbefoundinaseparatelyreleasedGuidetoth

27、erules(ICCPublicationNo.702).ThenewURDG758package.Thenewrulesareaccompaniedbyamodelguaranteeandcounter-guaranteeformfeaturedattheendofthispublication.TheyaredestinedtoevolveintoanindispensablecompaniontothenewURDG758andtheirusers.Experienceshowsthatacomprehensiveready-to-usepackagethatcombinesbothth

28、erulesandmodelformsismoreattractivetousersthanthepreviouslyseparateICCpublicationsNos.458and503.Itshouldalsobeconducivetomoreharmonizedapractice.IndraftingthenewURDG758modelguaranteeform,aunitaryapproachwaspreferredtoonethatwouldhaveconsistedofmultipleformslinkedtothepurposeofeachguarantee.Tender,pe

29、rformance,advancepayment,retentionmoney,warrantyandothertypesofdemandguaranteessharethesamenatureandhavesimilarfeatures.ThiswasevidencedbythefivenearlyidenticalbasicmodelguaranteeformsinICCpublicationNo.503thataccompaniedURDG458.Ofcourse,URDG758usershavetheoptionofenrichingtheunitarymodelformwithone

30、ormoreoftheclausesproposedattheendofthispublicationsuchasthereductionofamountclauseforadvancepaymentguaranteesorevendraftinganyotherclauseoutright.Afinalmessage:theneedforcleardrafting.Cleardraftingisthelinchpinofasuccessfulinternationaldemandguaranteepractice.Thishasproventobethecaseovertimeandacro

31、ssculturesandindustrysectors.UsingthenewURDG758modelguaranteeformlevelstheplayingfieldandavoidsmisunderstandings.Assuch,itwillhopefullysignificantlycurbtheworryingtendencythatafewcourtshaveshowninrecentyearstore-characterizedemandguaranteesasaccessorysuretyships-orthereverse.Whilesometimeswarrantedb

32、ytheambiguoustermsusedbytheparties,suchinterferencehasconsiderablydestabilizedtheinternationalguaranteemarketbyaddingaparticularlyprejudicialelementofuncertainty.SucharegrettablesituationcanberemediedbyaconsistentuseofURDG758andtheiraccompanyingmodelforminanytypeofdemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeo

33、r,indeed,anyotherindependentundertaking.Acknowledgments.IwouldliketoexpressmydeepappreciationtothemembersoftheICCTaskForceonGuarantees*,theICCnationalcommitteesandmembersofboththeBankingCommissionandCLPfortheirguidance,supportandconstructiveparticipationintherevision.TheGuaranteesDepartmentofRZBwasv

34、eryhelpfulinprocessingthehundredsofnationalcommentsreceivedthroughouttherevisionprocessandcompilingthemfortheDraftingGroupsreview.ItwasmyprivilegetochairtheDraftingGroupthatundertooktherevision.ThemembersoftheDraftingGrouparelistedbelowinalphabeticalorder:RogerCarouge(Germany),SirRoyGoode(UnitedKing

35、dom),DrAndreaHauptmann(Austria),GlennRansier(UnitedStates),PradeepTaneja(Bahrain),andFaridehTazhibi(IslamicRepublicofIran).Rarelyhasachairmanbeenblessedwithagroupwhosemembersaresoexperiencedandenthusiasticaboutthesubjectathand,animatedbyteamspirit,complementaryintheirregionalandsectoralexperienceand

36、abletoendurewithadmirablepatiencetheinevitablechallengesofafast-trackrevisionprocess.TheresultisthenewURDG758,whichweproudlyoffertotheworld.Dr.GeorgesAffakiVice-Chair,ICCBankingCommissionBNPParibasJanuary2010 TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark2Article1ApplicationofURDG本规则的适用范围8 HYPERLINK l bookmark4

37、Article2Definitions定义8 HYPERLINK l bookmark6Article3Interpretation解释11 HYPERLINK l bookmark8Article4Issueandeffectiveness开立和生效12 HYPERLINK l bookmark10Article5Independenceofguaranteeandcounter-guarantee保函和反担保函的独立性13 HYPERLINK l bookmark12Article6Documentsv.goods,servicesorperformance单据和货物、服务或者履约行为13

38、 HYPERLINK l bookmark14Article7Non-documentaryconditions非单据条件13 HYPERLINK l bookmark16Article8Contentofinstructionsandguarantees指示和保函的内容14 HYPERLINK l bookmark18Article9Applicationnottakenup拒绝接受申请15 HYPERLINK l bookmark20Article10Advisingofguaranteeoramendment保函或者保函修改的通知15 HYPERLINK l bookmark22Arti

39、cle11Amendments修改16 HYPERLINK l bookmark24Article12Extentofguarantorsliabilityunderguarantee保函项下担保人责任的范围17 HYPERLINK l bookmark26Article13Variationofamountofguarantee保函金额的变动17 HYPERLINK l bookmark28Article14Presentation交单17 HYPERLINK l bookmark30Article15Requirementsfordemand对索偿要求的要求19 HYPERLINK l b

40、ookmark32Article16Informationaboutdemand关于索偿要求的告知19Article17Partialdemandandmultipledemands;amountofdemands部分索偿要求和多次索偿要求，索偿要求的金额20 HYPERLINK l bookmark36Article18Separatenessofeachdemand每一次索偿要求的独立性21 HYPERLINK l bookmark38Article19Examination审核21 HYPERLINK l bookmark40Article20Timeforexaminationofde

41、mand;payment审核索偿要求的时间，付款22 HYPERLINK l bookmark42Article21Currencyofpayment支付的货币22 HYPERLINK l bookmark44Article22Transmissionofcopiesofcomplyingdemand相符索偿要求副本的传递23 HYPERLINK l bookmark46Article23Extendorpay展期或付款23 HYPERLINK l bookmark48Article24Non-complyingdemand,waiverandnotice非相符索偿要求，放弃决定和通知25 H

42、YPERLINK l bookmark50Article25Reductionandtermination减额与终止26 HYPERLINK l bookmark52Article26Forcemajeure不可抗力27 HYPERLINK l bookmark54Article27Disclaimeroneffectivenessofdocuments关于单据有效性的免责28 HYPERLINK l bookmark56Article28Disclaimerontransmissionandtranslation关于传递和翻译的免责29 HYPERLINK l bookmark58Artic

43、le29Disclaimerforactsofanotherparty关于其他当事方行为的免责29 HYPERLINK l bookmark60Article30Limitsonexemptionfromliability责任豁免的限度30 HYPERLINK l bookmark62Article31Indemnityforforeignlawsandusages外国法律和惯例的补偿30 HYPERLINK l bookmark64Article32Liabilityforcharges关于费用的责任30 HYPERLINK l bookmark66Article33Transferofgu

44、aranteeandassignmentofproceeds保函的转让和款项让渡30 HYPERLINK l bookmark68Article34Governinglaw管辖法律32 HYPERLINK l bookmark70Article35Jurisdiction司法管辖权32 Article1ApplicationofURI本规则的适用范围TheUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees(URDG)applytoanydemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteethatexpresslyindicatesitissubjecttothem.

45、Theyarebindingonallpartiestothedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeexceptsofarasthedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteemodifiesorexcludesthem.见索即付保函统一规则(以下简称“本规则”)适用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本规则约束的见索即付保函或者反担保函。除非见索即付保函或者反担保函修改或者排除本规则的条文，否则本规则对见索即付保函或者反担保函的所有当事各方均具有约束力。Where,attherequestofacounter-guarantor,ademandg

46、uaranteeisissuedsubjecttotheURDG,thecounter-guaranteeshallalsobesubjecttotheURDG,unlessthecounter-guaranteeexcludestheURDG.However,ademandguaranteedoesnotbecomesubjecttotheURDGmerelybecausethecounter-guaranteeissubjecttotheURDG.当按照反担保人的要求，见索即付保函是适用于本规则所开立的，那么反担保函也将同样适用于本规则，除非反担保函排除了本规则。但是，仅仅因为反担保函适用

47、于本规则，并不能说明见索即付保函也同样适用于本规则。Where,attherequestorwiththeagreementoftheinstructingparty,ademandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeisissuedsubjecttotheURDG,theinstructingpartyisdeemedtohaveacceptedtherightsandobligationsexpresslyascribedtoitintheserules.当按照指示方的要求或者同意，见索即付保函或者反担保函是适用于本规则所开立的，那么指示方将被视为已经接受了本规则对其所

48、清楚描述的权利和义务。Whereademandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeissuedonorafter1July2010statesthatitissubjecttotheURDGwithoutstatingwhetherthe1992versionorthe2010revisionistoapplyorindicatingthepublicationnumber,thedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeshallbesubjecttotheURDG2010revision.在2010年7月1日当天或者之后开立的见索即付保函或者反

49、担保函声明其适用于URDG,但是却没有说明是适用于1992年版还是2010年版或者注明出版编号的情况下，该见索即付保函或者反担保函将被认为是适用URDG2010年版的。Article2Iefinitions定义Intheserules:advisingpartymeansthepartythatadvisestheguaranteeattherequestoftheguarantor;“通知方”,系指按照担保人的要求通知保函的一方；applicantmeansthepartyindicatedintheguaranteeashavingitsobligationundertheunderlyi

50、ngrelationshipsupportedbytheguarantee.Theapplicantmayormaynotbetheinstructingparty;“申请人”,系指在保函中注明的其所担保的基础关系中承担义务的一方。申请人可能是指示方,也可能不是；applicationmeanstherequestfortheissueoftheguarantee;索偿要求”，系指受益人签署的用于索要保函项下金额的一份单据； 申请”，系指开立保函的要求； authenticated,whenappliedtoanelectronicdocument,meansthatthepartytowho

51、mthatdocumentispresentedisabletoverifytheapparentidentityofthesenderandwhetherthedatareceivedhaveremainedcompleteandunaltered;“已证实”，在要求电子单据时，系指收到单据的一方能够核实发送者的身份以及收到的内容是否保持完整和未被变更；beneficiarymeansthepartyinwhosefavouraguaranteeisissued;“受益人”系指享受保函担保收益的一方；businessdaymeansadayonwhichtheplaceofbusinessw

52、hereanactofakindsubjecttotheserulesistobeperformedisregularlyopenfortheperformanceofsuchanact;“营业日”系指在履行本规则所约束行为的地点为了履行该行为而通常开业的一天；chargesmeananycommissions,fees,costsorexpensesduetoanypartyactingunderaguaranteegovernedbytheserules;“费用”系指当事方因为依照本规则约束的保函行事而产生的任何佣金、手续费、成本或者开支；complyingdemandmeansadema

53、ndthatmeetstherequirementsofacomplyingpresentation;“相符索偿要求”，系指满足相符交单需求的索偿要求；complyingpresentationunderaguaranteemeansapresentationthatisinaccordancewith,first,thetermsandconditionsofthatguarantee,second,theserulessofarasconsistentwiththosetermsandconditionsand,third,intheabsenceofarelevantprovisioni

54、ntheguaranteeortheserules,internationalstandarddemandguaranteepractice;“相符交单”在保函项下系指：第一，与保函的条款和条件；第二，与本规则的条款和条件；第三对于保函或者本规则没有规定的有关条件与国际标准见索即付保函实务相一致的交单；counter-guaranteemeansanysignedundertaking,howevernamedordescribed,thatisgivenbythecounter-guarantortoanotherpartytoprocuretheissuebythatotherpartyo

55、faguaranteeoranothercounter-guarantee,andthatprovidesforpaymentuponthepresentationofacomplyingdemandunderthecounter-guaranteeissuedinfavourofthatparty;“反担保函”，系指任何已签署的承诺，无论其名称或者描述如何，该承诺由反担保人向需要获得其他人开出的保函或者另一反担保函的一方做出的，并且保证根据反担保函规定的受益方相符索偿要求的交单提供付款；counter-guarantormeansthepartyissuingacounter-guarant

56、ee,whetherinfavourofaguarantororanothercounter-guarantor,andincludesapartyactingforitsownaccount;“反担保人”，系指不论是为了担保人还是其他反担保人，也包括为了自己而开立反担保函的一方；demandmeansasigneddocumentbythebeneficiarydemandingpaymentunderaguarantee;demandguaranteeorguaranteemeansanysignedundertaking,howevernamedordescribed,providing

57、forpaymentonpresentationofacomplyingdemand;“见索即付保函”或者“保函”，系指任何已签署的承诺，无论其名称或者描述如何，该承诺保证根据相符索偿要求的交单提供付款；documentmeansasignedorunsignedrecordofinformation,inpaperorinelectronicform,thatiscapableofbeingreproducedintangibleformbythepersontowhomitispresented.Undertheserules,adocumentincludesademandandasup

58、portingstatement;“单据”，系指一份已签署或者未签署的信息纪录，使用纸质形式或者能够被接收人复制为有形形式的电子格式。本规则中，单据包括索偿要求和支持声明；expirymeanstheexpirydateortheexpiryeventor,ifbotharespecified,theearlierofthetwo;“到期”，系指到期日或者到期事件，如果二者都有，那么系指较早的一个；expirydatemeansthedatespecifiedintheguaranteeonorbeforewhichapresentationmaybemade;“到期日”，系指保函中规定的可以

59、在当天或者之前做出交单的日期；expiryeventmeansaneventwhichunderthetermsoftheguaranteeresultsinitsexpiry,whetherimmediatelyorwithinaspecifiedtimeaftertheeventoccurs,forwhichpurposetheeventisdeemedtooccuronly:“到期事件”，系指保函中规定的导致保函到期的某一事件，不论是立即还是在事件发生之后的特定时间内到期，只有在下列情况下该事件才被视为已发生：whenadocumentspecifiedintheguaranteeasi

60、ndicatingtheoccurrenceoftheeventispresentedtotheguarantor,or当保函规定的注明了事件发生的单据被提交给担保人时，或者ifnosuchdocumentisspecifiedintheguarantee,whentheoccurrenceoftheeventbecomesdeterminablefromtheguarantorsownrecords.如果保函没有规定类似的单据，事件何时发生则根据担保人自己的纪录来确定。guarantee,seedemandguarantee;“保函”，见“见索即付保函”；guarantormeansthep