m7u1grammar教案

1、江苏省西亭高级中学集体备课 第二周 教案3第 PAGE 9 页 共 NUMPAGES 9 页Grammar and usageStep 1: General introduction The grammar items in this unit focus on prepositions and prepositional phrases. You are expected to review the usage of some common prepositions to express time, place and movement, as well as how to use them

2、 in different situation. You will also learn that prepositions can be combined with verbs, nouns and adjectives to form prepositional phrases and the ways to use prepositional phrases in various situations. At the same time, you are expected to apply what they have learnt to practice by fulfilling s

3、ome written tasks.Step 2: Exercises:Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:1. His father will be back from Londona few days.2. The train leaves6：00 p.m., so I have to be at the station5：40 p.m. at the latest?3. the gate and youll find the entrancethe parkthe other side.4. One five will have the

4、 chance to join in the game.5. Do you go there bus? No, we go there a train.6. I made the coat my own hands. It was madehand, not with a machine.7. The trees front of the house are the charge of Mr. Li.8. The old man died cold a cold night.9. My uncle lives116 Changhe Street. His room is the sixth f

5、loor.10. I dont think you can work out the maths problemher help.Keys:1. in 2. at; by 3. At; to; on 4. in 5. by; in 6. with, by 7. in; in 8. of; on 9. at; on 10. withoutStep 3: Explanation and practice:Prepositions are used before a noun or a noun phrase. And when a verb is used after a preposition,

6、 it is usually used in its-ing form.1. Revision some common prepositions of time like at, in, on, for, by and since:2. Revision some common prepositions of time like at, in, on, above, against, behind, between, by, near, opposite and under:3. Revision some common prepositions of time like to, across

7、, along, down, into, off, over, out of, past, round, through, under, and up:4. Read the dialogue on Page 8 and fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.Answers(1) for (2) at (3) until (4) by (5) during (6) to1. Prepositions with verbs.Some verbs in English are paired with a particular preposition

8、 to create an expression. Each of these expressions has a particular meaning. Even though there are often two or more prepositions paired with the same verb, each expression has a different meaning and they cannot be used interchangeably. For example, look at, look for, and look up have the same ver

9、b but three different prepositions. The phrases have different meanings and you cannot use look up when you need look for in your sentence.speak to 和说话 stay with 和某人呆在一起 think about 考虑有关write to 给某人写信 look for 寻找 wait for 等待take care of 照顾 call on（sb.）拜访 arrive at（in） 到达2. Prepositions with nounsPre

10、positions can also be combined with nouns, e.g. in time for, on time, by means of, by accident, for/on sale, in air, on the market, in that case, up to date at least 至少 at present 目前 at first起初 at once立刻 at last最后（终于）at night夜晚 on foot 步行 on ones way 在去某地的路上 on the telephone 用电话on time 准时 on behalf

11、of 代表利益 for a while 一会儿 for example 例如for oneself 为了自己 for hours（days, years）有好几小时（天，年） in English 用英语in those days在当时 in class 课上 in time 及时 in all 总计 in advance 事前 in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地 in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着希望 in connection with 和有关 in contact with 和联系 in addition to 除以外 in c

12、ase of 倘若，万一 in conflict with 和冲突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于 in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近 in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心in the opinion of 据见解 in the long run/term 从长远说来 in ones opinion 在看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之 in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果，万一，以防 in detail

13、详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管in honour/memory of 为纪念 in charge of 负责 in praise of 赞扬 in other words. 换句话说 in return 作为回报 in the name of 以名义in doubt 怀疑 in debt 负债 by the way 顺便说 by oneself 独自地 after school 放学后 of course 当然 at work 在工作 at school在上学 at war 在交战3. Prepositions with a

14、djectivesSome prepositions can also be combined with adjectives, e. g. good at, capable of, fond of, full of, happy with be absent from 缺席 be proud of 以为自豪 be different from 和不同be famous for 因而著名 be fond of 爱好，喜欢 be pleased with 乐于be sorry for（sth.）为抱歉 be afraid of 害怕 be kind to 对某人亲切be good at 在做得好

15、；擅长于 be late for迟到 be confident in 对 有信心be interested in对 感性趣4. Now, please complete the introduction to the digital camera on page 9.Answers(1)on sale (2) up to date (3) capable of (4) stands for (5) satisfied with (6) on the market (7) In that case (8) in time for (9) up to (10) agree with For ref

16、erence: More explanation of Preposition:1. Prepositions of manner and means. The prepositions in (manner/way), by , with , without , as or like can be used to refer to manner, meaning how one does something. For example:She spoke in her usual way as if nothing had happened.The teacher came into the

17、classroom, with some books on her hands.The soldier answered the question without hesitation.My aunt makes tea like my mother.He cannot run as quickly as his brother.By can be used to show the meaning by means of . For example:They must have broken into the house by the back door.We managed to sell

18、our car by advertising it in the newspaper. I usually go to school by bike.With or without can be used to express using an instrument to do something.He opened the tin with a knife.I can draw a straight line without a ruler.2. The functions of prepositional phrases as an adverbialMy mother has worke

19、d in the school for nearly twenty years.To our great surprise, all of the students have passed the exam.My father goes to work on foot, but if it rain, he will go by bus. as an attribute The girl under the tree is my good friend.The book with a red cover was given to me as a birthday present.Please

20、pass me the one on the left. as an object complement Later, I found my watch in my pocket.I left my book in the classroom.Before it is ready to eat, wed better keep it in the fridge for a while.3. When a preposition is used after an intransitive verb to form a prepositional verb, the prepositional v

21、erb can be followed by an object. For example :Who will look after the children when Mother is away?You can always believe in him. He wont let you down.Lets look over the notes before the test.For reference英语介词的用法口诀早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽in。将来时态in以后，小处at大处in。有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料i

22、n。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和一就，on后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类known to man。 this、that、tomorrow，yest

23、erday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under正上下，above、below则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 since以来during间，sin

24、ce时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在方面，有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。 介词短语介词是学习英语的难点之一，特别在阅读过程中是一个“拦路虎”。介词短语是构成长难句的一个重要因素。介词短语可用作定语、状语、表语和补足语。介词可与动词、名词、形容词等连用。高考链接1. The Internet has brought _big c

25、hanges in the way we work. ( 2005北京春)A. about B. out C. back D. up 2. It was a pity that the great writer died _his works unfinished. (2004福建)A. for B. with C. from D. of 3. You cant wear a blue jacket _that shirtitll look terrible. (2004湖南)A. on B. above C. up D. over 4. I feel that one of my main

26、duties _ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.（2004广东）A. for B. by C. as D. with 5. In order to change attitudes _employing women, the government is bringing in new laws. ( 2004北京春)A. about B. of C. towards D. on 6. I am sorry its _my power to make a final decision on the proj

27、ect. (2004上海春)A. over B. above C. off D. beyond7. They had a pleasant chat _a cup of coffee. (2003北京)A. for B. with C. during D. over8. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _the wildlife in the area. (2003上海)A. in B. on C. at D. with 9. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai b

28、efore the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed _my memory. (2003上海春)A. to B. over C. by D. on 10. What do you want _those old boxes?To put thing in when I move to the new flat. (2002北京)A. by B. for C. of D. with 11. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _an inch. (2002上海)A. by

29、B. at C. to D. from 12. The home improvements have taken what little there is _-my spare time.(2001全国) A. from B. in C. of D. at 13. Rose was wild with joy _the result of the examination. (2001上海春)A. to B. at C. by D. as14. This new model of car is so expensive that it is _ the reach of those with a

30、verage income. (2006江苏） A. over B. within C. beyond D. below15. Its quite_me why such things have been allowed to happen. (2006安徽） Afor BbehindCagainst Dbeyond16. -Can he take charge of the computer company?-Im afraid its _ his ability. （2006四川）A. beyond B. within C. of C. to17. Sorry, Madam. Youd b

31、etter come tomorrow because its_the visiting hours.（2006福建）A. during B. at C. beyond D. before18. You know, Bob is a little slow _ understanding, so So I have to be patient _ him. (2005重庆) A. in; with B. on; with C. in; to D. at; for 19. He got to the station early, _ missing the train. (2004江苏) A.

32、in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 20. Marie Curie took little notice _ the honors that were given to her in her later years. (2002上海) A. of B. on C. about D. from 答案：1-5 ABDCC 6-10 DDBDD 11-15 ACBCD 16-20 ACACAStep 4: Consolidation: I. Multiple choice:1He is runningthe wind tow

33、ards the stationTom running the right.A. down； and； onB. against； with； onC. for； with； inD. with； while； to2. In Hangzhou Mr. Black was so struckthe beauty of nature that he stayedanother night.A. at；onB. with；atC. for；inD. by； for3. How long has the bookshop been in business? 1987.A. AfterB. In C.

34、 From D. Since4. We offered him our congratulationshis passing the college entrance exams.A. atB. onC. forD. of5. Guangdong liesthe south of China and Fujian isthe east of it. Hainan isthe coast of the mainland.A. in；in；onB. in；on；offC. on；to；onD. in；to；away6. The student, whom all the teachers are

35、pleased, is very strict himself everything.A. to； with；inB. with；with；inC. with；at；withD. at；with；at7. Some doctors were sent to the front where medicalworkers were .A. in great needB. in great need ofC. needed greatD. needed in8. hearing the good news, they jumped with joy.A. ForB. ToC. OnD. At9. S

36、he is well-knownher poems and she is also famous an actress.A. for；forB. as；forC. for；asD. by； for10. He climbed silentlyseizing the thief.A. in the purpose； by surpriseB. with purpose of； surprisinglyC. with purpose of； surprisedlyD. with the purpose of； by surprise11. The touch they had both kept

37、in many years broke.A. forB. onC. into D. with12. The pianist began to play and the girl in red began to sing the music.A. withB. alongC. throughD. to13. He divided the sweetsthe children who were divided three groups.A. in；inB. into；intoC. between；inD. among；into14. Early the morning of May 1, we started offthe mountain village.A. in；forB. in；toC. on；D. on；for15. Ted has been absentclass for