2018年6月英语四级真题+答案

1、WORD格式PAGE1 / NUMPAGES10PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreene

2、wsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2areba

3、sedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsownersdaughter.B)ANewHampshiremansjokewithfriendsonhiswife.C)Afathersmessageforhisdaughter.D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.B)Shewantedtohonorherfatherspromise.C)Shehadbeenaskedbyherfather

4、todoso.D)Shewasexcitedtoseeherfathershandwriting.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.B

5、)Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.C)Itlostahugestockofbees.D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.C)Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.6.A)Engineeringproblems.

6、B)Theairpollutionitproduced.C)Inadequatefunding.D)Theoppositionfromthemilitary.7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.C)Itisasafermeansoftransportation.D)Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachco

7、nversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavej

8、ustheard.8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.B)Itsoundsquitealarming.C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.9.A)ThemandoesntunderstandSpanish.B)Thewomandoesntreallylikedancing.C)Theydontwantsomethingtoonoisy.D)Theycantmakeittothetheatreintime.10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.White

9、headhosting.B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudiencesattention.C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.11.A)Watchacomedy.B)Goandseethedance.C)Booktheticketsonline.D)Seeafilmwiththeman.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Mostofherschool

10、matesareyoungerthansheis.B)Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.C)Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.D)Sheworriesshewontfitinasatransferstudent.13.A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.B)Pickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.C)Participateinafter-schoolactivities.D)Lookintowhattheschooloffers.14.A)Giveherh

11、elpwheneversheneedsit.B)Acceptherasatransferstudent.C)Findheraccommodationoncampus.D)Introducehertoherroommates.15.A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lees.B)ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.C)ShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.D)Shehasjusttransferredtothecollege.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillheart

12、hreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebas

13、edonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.B)Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.C)Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.D)Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.17.A)Whentheyarehungry.B)Whentheyarethirsty.C)Whentheysmellfood.D)Whentheywantcompany.18.A)Theysearchf

14、orfoodingroups.B)Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.C)Theyprefertobewithothermice.D)Theyenjoythecompanyofotheranimals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.B)Itsconstructioncostmorethan$40billion.C)Itisefficientlyusedfortransport.D)Itisoneofthe

15、bestintheworld.20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.B)Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.C)Toenablepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.D)Tospeedupthetransportationofgoods.21.A)Inthe1970s.B)Inthe1960s.C)Inthe1950s.D)Inthe1940s.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Chattingwhiledr

16、iving.B)Messagingwhiledriving.C)Drivingunderage.D)Speedingonhighways.23.A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.B)Agadgettochargethephoneinacar.C)Adevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.D)Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.B)Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.C)The

17、yarealertedwithalightandasound.D)Theygetawarningontheirsmartphone.25.A)Installingacamera.B)Usingaconnectedapp.C)Checkingtheiremails.D)Keepingadailyrecord.PartReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalis

18、tofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AnofficetoweronMillerSt

19、reetinManchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthetowerwasfirst26in1962,itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas27.Duringth

20、isrenovationthebuildingsowners,CIS,28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2004,thecompletedCIStowerbecameEuropeslargest29ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge30hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendon

21、ebefore,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe10bestgreenenergyprojects.Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas31overtakenbytheMillbankTower.Greenbuildingslikethisarent32cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy3

22、3throughfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels,collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasntaraceof35,butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimen

23、sionH)discoveredI)eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)scaleO)undertakenSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseap

24、aragraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPaytoDoTheirHomeworkA)Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccesscodesneededtocompletecoursework,takequizzes,andturninhomework.Asunivers

25、itiesgodigital,studentsarecomplainingofanewhittotheirfinancesthatsreplacingandsometimesjoiningexpensivetextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthatarerequiredtocompletecourseworkandsubmitassignments.B)Thecodeswhichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to$155percoursegivestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducat

26、ioncompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,haveboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartnerwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.C)Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprofit-seekingetho观s念()o

27、fthetextbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycouldoncebuysecond-handtextbooks,orsharecopieswithfriends,thedigitalsystemsareessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.D)Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopo垄ly断(),anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,saidEthanSen

28、ack,thehighereducationadvocatefortheU.S.PublicInterestResearchGroup,toBuzzFeedNews.Ratherthan$250(foraprinttextbook)yourepaying$120,saidSenack.Butbecauseitsalldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminatesanyabilitytooptout.E)

29、SarinaHarpet,a19-year-oldstudentatVirginiaTech,wasfacedwithatoughdilemmawhenshefirststartedcollegein2015payrentorpaytoturninherchemistryhomework.ShetoldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclassrequiredhertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwherestudentscansubmithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgra

30、des.Butthecodetoaccesstheprogramcost$120abigsumforHarper,whohadalreadyputdown$450fortextbooks,andhadrentdayapproaching.F)Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult.Itsabalancingact,shesaid.CanIreallyafford

31、theseaccesscodesnow?Shedidnthandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.G)Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,theyrethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcont

32、entsalesexceededprintsalesforthefirsttimein2015.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$140millionrevenuein2015wasderivedfromdigitalproducts.H)APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthatdigitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestmentthatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexpertvideos.I

33、tsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidntrespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthatinhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover.I)Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystemsrepresenta

34、betterdealforstudents.Thesedigitalproductsarentjustmechanismsforstudentstosubmithomework,theyofferallkindsoffeatures,DavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmericanPublishers,toldBuzzFeedNews.Ithelpsstudentsunderstandinawaythatyoucantdowithprinthomeworkassignments.J)D

35、avidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequireaccesscodes.Buthedoesntrequirehisstudentstobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclassassignments

36、.Itrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,saidHunt,whousesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum.TheonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeImgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethethingswheremyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost.K)A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversit

37、ytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidntrequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$900onaccesscodestobooksandprograms.Thatstwomonthsofrent,shesaid.Youcantsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucan

38、sellitfor$30-$50andthathelpstopayforyournewsemestersbooks.Withanaccesscode,youreoutofthatmoney.L)BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatitsridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwehavetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework.Manyoftheacces

39、scodeshespurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplytocompletehomeworkorquizzes.Oftenitsonly10%ofyourgradeinclass.hesaid.Yourepayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgradebutifyoudidnthaveit,itwouldaffectyourgradesenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC.Wolvertonsaidhespent$500onaccesscodesfordigitalbook

40、sandprogramsthissemester.M)Harper,apoultry(家禽)sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadtobuyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatisticstextbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcantberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostexpensivepurchases:$120and$85.

41、N)Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperienceskippinganassignmentduetothehighprices.Wedontreallyhaveamissedassignmentpolicy,shesaid.Ifyoumissit,youjustmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshmanlookingattheirgrades,itsnotfun.36.Astudentsyearl

42、yexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwomonths.37.Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigitalsystem.38.Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.39.McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshareofcollegetextbooks.40.Manytraditi

43、onaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigitalproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.41.Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.42.Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.43.

44、Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntilshereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.44.Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.45.Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyareprofit-drivenjustlikethetextbookbusiness.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passag

45、esinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Losingyourab

46、ilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia痴(呆症)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedntworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50,itsquitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysD

47、r.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomensHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forget

48、tingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordontrememberevenseeingit,thatsfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,thatsaredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved.Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrow

49、aveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyouvevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldntpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepr

50、ession,aswellasmedications药(物)likeantidepressants.Youdonthavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrainscognitive(认知的)reserve,Daffnersay

51、s.Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedntbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips?A)Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.B)Theyoc

52、curonlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoonesage.D)Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?A)Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.B)Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.C)Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.D)Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.48

53、.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously?A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoonesdailyroutines.B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofoneslifeexperiences.C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofonesfriends.49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup?A)Chec

54、kthebrainscognitivereserve.B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.50.WhatisDr.Daffnersadviceforcombatingmemoryloss?A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostonesbrain.C)Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.

55、D)Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(档案馆)bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInsit

56、utionArchives.Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern实(习生),fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,andtheinternputtheletterback.Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthest

57、olendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsoniansproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericange

58、ologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrainedmuseumstaffforsolong.Itwasluckilyingoodshape,saysKapsalis,andwejusthavetodosomeminorthingsinordertob

59、eabletounfoldit.Ithassomeglueonitthathascoloreditslightly,butnothingthatwillpreventusfromusingit.Afteritisrepaired,wewilltakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline.Oneofourgoalsistogetitemsofhighresearchvalueorinteresttothepubliconline.Itwouldnowbedifficultforanintern,visitororathieftostealad

60、ocumentlikethis.Archivingpracticeshavechangedgreatlysincethe1970s,saysKapsalis,andwekeepourhighvaluedocumentsinasafethatIdontevenhaveaccessto.51.WhathappenedtoDarwinsletterinthe1970s?A)ItwasrecoveredbytheFBI.B)Itwasstolenmorethanonce.C)Itwasputinthearchivesforresearchpurposes.D)ItwaspurchasedbytheSm