高二英语-虚拟语气的用法

1、subjunctive moodGrammar1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句） (真实条件句）What would you do if you won the lottery?If

2、 I won the lottery, I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反）If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。If he _ （drive) more carefully, he _ (not have) the car accident yesterday

3、.（与过去事实相反）had driven would not have had If I _ (learn ) how to swim,I _ (be) trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）had learntwould not have been假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看见我, 就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气If I were you, I _ buy

4、 the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able

5、 C. were not able D. are not able BCA二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command 三条建议：advise, suggest, propose四项要求：demand , require, request, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We sug

6、gested that Tom2.He insisted that I present.4.They requested that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners should have a rest.(should) beShould be killedthe next day.should send themto work there. 2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand,

7、request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish + 宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. shouldI wish I were

8、 a bird. (现在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来)I wish I _a bird.wereI wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten2）would rather that -现在：过去：未来：I would rather you _(pay) me now. (现在)I would rather you _ (

9、go) there yesterday. (过去)Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来)过去时过去时过去完成时paid me had gonecame3） as if /though + 从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.4).Its （high） time +that -should

10、 +V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go5）If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形1.It