状语从句2014总复习导引

1、状语从句 What are “ Adverbial Clauses”? 在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、 形容词、副词等的从句叫做 “状语从句”。分类如下：状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句1) 常用连词如下：as, when, while, before, till / until, not till / until, since, after等。1. 时间状语从句e.g. I wont know where he is until I get a lett

2、er from him.2) 一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：the moment, the minute, the day, the year, next time, every time 等。e.g. The moment he comes, I will tell him.3) as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly 等也可引导状语从句。表示“一就”。4) a. hardly when b. scarcely when c. no sooner than 都相当于as soon as，用以引导时间状语从句。注意：当 har

3、dly, scarcely及no sooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g. No sooner had she gone than it happened.一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 时间状语从句补：when, while, as 的区别1从句动作在主句动作

4、前发生，只用 when。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer 补： It is + 一段时间 + s

5、ince 从句从句中为延续性V.，翻译为否定句从句中为短暂性V.，翻译为肯定句Its 3 years since I lived here.Its 3 years since he began to smoke. 补： till, until 和 not until1. 肯定句：主句谓语V.必须是延续性V. 译“直到 为止”He remained there until she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.2. 否定句：主句谓语V.必须是非延续性V. “某动作直到某时间才开始”He wont go to bed till / u

6、ntil his mother returns.3. till不可置于句首，而until可以。Until you told me I had no idea of it.1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. while B. afterC. In case D. the minute2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers? when B

7、. untilC. before D. since3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.why B. where C. when D. while5. Hardly _ into the village _ it began to rain.we had got; when B. we got; thanC. had we got; when D.

8、did we get; than2. 条件状语从句条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, unless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), in case (假使) , providing / provided (that) 等。e.g. Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our

9、car doesnt break down on the road. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unless B. BecauseC. Alth

10、ough D. When4. The official soon realized that, _, things would get worse.A. unless dealt with properlyB. if not properly dealing with itC. unless properly dealt withD. if dealt not properly with3. 地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Wherever you go, Ill b

11、e right here waiting for you.地点状语从句- Mom, what did your doctor say?- He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. (2006 四川高考) in where B. in which C. the place where D. whereDWhen he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in whic

12、h2. If you are travelling _ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.A. in the place B. whichC. in which D. where4. 原因状语从句引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, since, as, for, now that 及 considering等。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.e.g. He might be ill, for he

13、 didnt come to school.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured.A. as B. if C. when D. where2. Some people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.A. / B. tho

14、ugh C. for D. since5. 方式状语从句描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导：as, as if, as though, (in) the way等。a. Leave the things as they are.b. It sounds as if it is raining.c.ThewayIlookatit,itsnotwhatyoudothatmattersomuch.依我看，重要的并不是你做什么。Imtalkingtoyoujusttheway _.我和你说话就象和自己孩子说话一样.Hedidnotdoittheway_.他没有象他朋友那样去做

15、此事.I talktoaboyofmyownhisfrienddid1. If things are left _ they are, the problems will never be settled, Im afraid.how B. as C. what D. where2. Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed.like B. so C. which D. as6. 结果状语从句结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,

16、 so that, such that; so that 等引导。e.g. a. So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him. b. The bus broke down so that we had to walk home. c. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.7. 目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词:in order that 用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。so thata. 较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so

17、有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词，否则, 就成为下一种句型：b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。for fear that; in case; lest (以免)等。e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget. 注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用so as to do 或 in order to do e.g. He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. H

18、e ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.because B. so thatC. even if D. as2. I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.in case of B. for fear ofC. in order that D. for fear that8. 比较状语从句比较状语从句常由下列词语引导： as as, not so / as as, moreth

19、an, less than, the more + adj. / adv. the more + adj. / adv.a. He is not so / as healthy as his brother. b. They jumped up and down as hard as they could. c. John is less clever than Peter.,9. 让步状语从句通常由下列词语引导：though, although, even if, even though, while, no matter who/等。由wh-词 + ever构成的连接代词或连接副词也可以引

20、导让步状语从句。让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。a. I will go, whatever he may say. b. Their tent, though (it was) light as a feather, remained firm.c. Though / Although he was old, he worked hard. = He was old but he worked hard.注意典型错误: though / although切不可与but连用。_ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The wo