英语作文：说明文的7种类型和结构

1、七种类型说明文的写作构思 一、 原因（理由）分析说明文（三段式） Introduction including the Thesis Cause 1 - Body Cause 2 - Effect Cause 3 - Conclusion 万能原因 方便、安全、成就、效率、环保、交流、利他、情感、性格、经验、乐趣、耐久、经济、健康、社会、公平 原因的分类： 内部原因外部原因 主观原因客观原因 主要原因次要原因 二、结果分析说明文（三段式） （ Single cause, Multiple effects） Introduction including the Thesis - Effect 1

2、 Cause - Effect 2 Body - Effect 3 Conclusion 三、比较对比说明文 作文标题举例： The New Years Sacrifice 祝福 -the Novel and the Film High School Life and College Life Individualism and Collectivism 个人主义和集体主义 整体与整体的对比 正文（第二段）结构： A. Traveling by bus speed; expense; safety B. Traveling by train speed; expense; safety C.

3、Traveling by plane speed; expense; safety四、类比说明文 A Special Kind of Comparison Life and Journey Eating and Reading The Camera and the Eye 五、分解分类说明文 选取有意义的划分标准（meaningful principle） 标准一致，避免交叉（overlapping） 每一分类都要冠名和界定 避免“是非二分法”，避免划分类别过多。 分解分类说明文中心句举例： Consumer goods may be divided into stable goods,日用品

4、 convenience goods, and emergency goods. Each year, people in the United States look forward to various holidays to commemorate a patriotic, political, or religious event of the past. 作文标题举例： Various Kinds of Lectures Different Intentions Attending Sports Different English Learners 六、过程分析说明文 过程分析类型： 指导型 directional type; 信息型 informative type 学会划分步骤 作文标题举例： How to Complain 投诉 The Steps to Lose Weight How to Prepare for a Job Interview 七、举例分析说明文 作文标题举例： School-failed Successful People Interesti