Lesson2-动词的语态-word讲义及练习（学生版）

1、Lesson2动词的语态重难点分析在英语中，被动语态使用得比汉语要多、要普遍，但大多数句子都使用主动语态。被动语 态在英语中极为重要。高考中通常把时态和语态结合起来考查。动词的语态有两种：主动语态(the active voice)和被动语态(the passive voice)。主动语态表示 主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：People speak English all over the world.全世界的人都在讲英语。(the active voice)English is spoken by people all over the world, (the pa

2、ssive voice)一、动词的被动语态构成一览表(以ask为例)常用被动语态构成常用被动语态构成一般现在时am/is/are asked现在完成时have/has been asked一般过去时was/were asked过去完成时had been asked一般将来时will/shall be asked过去将来时would/should be asked现在进行时am/is/are being asked过去将来完成时would/should have beenasked过去进行时was/were being asked含有情态动词can/must/may.be asked被动语态的否

3、认式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后面加not：短语动词的被动语态不可漏掉 其中的介、副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动语态时，只需将 其后的动词变为被动语态。如：We are not allowed to smoke.不允许我们抽烟。/ He is often made fun of by his classmates.他经常被他的同班同学捉弄。/ Newspaper used to be sent here at 10 a.m.过去报纸常常是上午10点被送到的。据说类动词，如：It is said/bclicvcd/supp

4、oscd/rcportcd that., It is generally considered that., It is well known thal等，及 It must be adinilted/pointed out that等结构常以被动形式出现。注意事项以下主动形式常表被动意义：The bike needs/wants/requires repairing.这辆自行车需要修理。 /The film is worth seeing.这部电影值得看。/The door wont shut/open.这门不能关/开。/The play wont act.这部戏不能演。/ The clot

5、hes wash well.这些衣服很好洗。/ The book sells well.这本书很畅销。/ The dish tastes delicious.这份菜尝起来很美味。/ Waler feels very cold. 水摸上去很冷。不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come （rue, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place

6、 等不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 等系动词无被动语态（keep”除外）:be, appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste,

7、 turn 等二、被动语态和系表结构的区别.被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如：The cup was broken by a boy.这个杯子是被一个男孩打破的。（被动语态）The cup is broken.这杯子是破的。（系表结构）.前者可有多种时态，而后者通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：My bike is being / will be / was repaired.（被动语态）我的自行车正在被修理/将被修理/被修 理过了。He is/was interested in his work.（系表结构）他对他的工作感兴趣。.被动语态可跟by短

8、语，表动作的执行者。如：The dress was made by my mother.这件衣服是我妈妈做的。考点练透一、单句填空用括号中所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空。When money(spend), we can earn i( back, but when time is lost, it will never return.Customers are asked to make sure that they(give) the right change before leaving the shop.Great changes(take place) in the city, a

9、nd a lot of factories(set up).The police found that the house(break into) and a lot of things(steal).The discussion(come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in.The head teacher says that all the preparations for the party(complete) by Friday.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a col

10、d frost(expect) to arrive.The careless driver is(blame) for (he traffic accident that(happen) yesterday.Flowers usually(sell) well on Valentines Day, so their Howers(sell) in no time that day.1 want to buy that kind of cloth because I(tell) the cloth(wash) well.Leonardo da Vinci (14521519)(say) to h

11、ave bought birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?一Yes, I have. I guess it(grade) now.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what(discover) in science and technology.The work needs(complete) by 6 p.m.The number of death

12、s from heart disease(reduce) greatly if people arc persuaded to eat more vegetables.We should get into the good habit of saving time and never leave what can(do) today until tomorrow.I hold the belief that more measures will(take) to prevent loss of soil along the Yellow River.In recent years, more

13、and more highways and overpasses (build up) in Guangzhou.Many man-made satellites(send up) into space so far by many countries.Many more trees(plant) next year.二、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There is no doubt that the job interview is an important part of job hunting, as the impression you cr

14、eate during the job interview can make the inten-iewer 能el “with you or “against you”. The job interview is the time to sell by giving examples of experiences you have had related to the job and 2 revealing (展现)your good point. In order to make 3 solid impression with success, you had better keep th

15、e following two rules in mind:One is to present yourself and your 4 (able) to do the job. However, dont exaggerate the truth; just be honest. Second, do more listening (han talking. Listen carefully and get involved in _5 the interviewer is saying. A good 6 (listen) is often a considerate person and

16、 7 (appreciate) by everyone staying with you.8 it is important to talk about your successful experiences, dont conic on too strong and sound like a boaster (吹嘘者).9 you are not sure what the job will require of you, ask questionsto see whether you do feel qualified. Most interviewers will appreciate

17、your questions _ 1(L your ability to listen and respond.助读词汇interviewer n.面试官interviewer n.面试官solid adj.可靠的present vl.呈现；介绍exaggerate vt.夸大considerate adj.体贝占的considerate adj.体贝占的qualified adj.合格的appreciate vt.欣赏appreciate vt.欣赏job hunting 求职related to 与有关related to 与有关keep.in mind 记住get involved in

18、 参与There is no doubt that.亳无疑问三、佳作欣赏下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语 言表达，其中也包含有动词或动词短语，用心体会其用法。No doubt every -rade three student wishes to be successful in the National College Entrance Examination. Yet what should we do in order to achieve success? Here are some su/westisns.First, its very important to have a right attitude,