现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter12

1、*现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料 chapter12Chapter 12 English Dictionaries and How to Use Them Introductory Remarks Types of Dictionaries The Choice of a Dictionary How to Use a Dictionary Introductory Remarks A. Lexicology and dictionaries Lexicology is closely related to dictionaries . The principles of modern di

2、ctionary making and the contents of each entryare based on the findings of lexicology, while the materials provided indictionaries are widely used by lexicologists in their research .B. Trends of English dictionariesprescriptive and descriptive dictionaries Types of DictionariesA. Linguistic and Enc

3、yclopedic DictionariesLinguistic dictionaries Linguistic dictionaries aim at defining words and explaining their usages in thelanguage. They usually cover such areas as spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammaticalfunction, usage and etymology, etc. These dictionaries can be monolingual and bilingua

4、l.Encyclopedic dictionaries Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopedia andencyclopedic dictionaries. An encyclopedia is not concerned with language but provides encyclopedicinformation concerning each headword. The reader cannot find pronunciation or meanings or usages of wor

5、ds. Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both linguistic dictionariesand encyclopedia.eg. The Encyclopedia Britannica (20 volumes)大英百科全书（20 卷）The Encyclopedia Americana (30 volumes) 美国百科全书（30 卷）Chambers Encyclo-pedic English Dictionary(1994; 200,000 words)钱伯斯百科词典B. General and speci

6、al dictionariesGeneral dictionaries A generic dictionary is one which attempts to cover the whole lexicon of thelanguage. General dictionaries mainly provide linguistic information of words Dictionaries compiled for general useto look for spelling, meaning,pronunciation, usage, etc.1现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料

7、 chapter12Special dictionaries A special dictionary deals with one sector of the lexicon. Special dictionaries usually provide the meanings and contents Such special dictionaries meet the multifarious needs of people who learn or usethe Englishlanguage, such as dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms,

8、 idioms,slang, dialect ,pronunciation ,usage ,collections ,etymology , proverbs ,quotation ,acronyms and abbreviations ,neologisms ,foreign words ,etc.C. Monolingual and Bilingual DictionariesMonolingual dictionaries Monolingual dictionaries are few in number and are usually limited to scientificand

9、 technical words . Monolingual dictionaries are generally compiled by native speakers of eitherlanguage .Bilingual dictionaries Bilingual dictionaries involve two languages. Words and expressions are defined in another language.D. Synchronic and diachronic dictionaries 共时和历时字典E. Unabridged ,mediumsi

10、zed ,and pocket dictionarieseg. 1) Unabridged Dictionaries（大型词典 150000 words+）2) Desk Dictionaries (50000 + words)Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 朗文当代英语词典Collins COBUILD English Dictionary, 柯林斯 COBUILD 英语词典3) Pocket Dictionaries (50000- words)Oxford Pocket English Chinese 牛津袖珍英汉双解词典Colli

11、ns New English Dictionary 柯林斯最新英语词典 4) Electronic Dictionaries (E-dictionary)This kind of dictionary, monolingual or bilingual, takes the form of acalculator but works like a computer (文曲星快译通 ) .F. Ideological dictionaries 意识形态的字典G. Monolingual dictionaries for non-native learners The Choice of a Dictionary A. SuitabilityB. ContentsC. AuthorityD. Up-to-date-ness2现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料 chapter12 How to Use a Di