虚拟语气在if条件句中用法PPT课件

1、 Id rather be a sparrow than a snail. Id rather be a sparrow than a snail. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I could, I surely would.If I could, I surely would. Id rather be a hammer than a nail. Id rather be a hammer than a nail. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I only could, I surely If I only could, I

2、 surely would.would. Away, Id rather sail away /like a Away, Id rather sail away /like a swan swan thats here and gone. thats here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. /He A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest sound, its gives the world its saddest sound, its sadde

3、st sound.saddest sound. 第1页/共39页Id rather be a forest than a street. Id rather be a forest than a street. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I could, I surely If I could, I surely would.would. Id rather feel the earth beneath my Id rather feel the earth beneath my feet. feet. Yes, I would. Yes, I would.

4、 If I only could, I surely If I only could, I surely would.would. Away, Id rather sail away /like a Away, Id rather sail away /like a swan thats here and gone.swan thats here and gone.A man gets tied up to the ground. A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest /He gives the wo

5、rld its saddest sound, its saddest soundsound, its saddest sound第2页/共39页在 if 条件句中的用法虚拟条件句虚拟条件句If I could, I surely would.If I only could, I surely would. 第3页/共39页 The subjunctive mood(虚拟语气) is used to express unreal conditions or wishes that are against the fact, either at present or in the past , o

6、r to talk about imagined situations in the future.第4页/共39页条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语形从句的谓语形式式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去过去将来将来过去式过去式 (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原)would/could/should/might +have done1.过去式过去式2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原) 虚拟语气在 if 条件句中的用法第5页/共39页 虚拟条件句的要点

7、 1、虚拟条件句的常态句、虚拟条件句的常态句 2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句 3、混合条件句、混合条件句(错综时间条件句错综时间条件句) 4、含蓄条件句、含蓄条件句 5、虚实结合、虚实结合第6页/共39页 1、虚拟条件句的常态句 第7页/共39页I I would buywould buy an expensive an expensive car.car. If I If I hadhad a lot of money, a lot of money, _看图说话：用虚拟语气表达第8页/共39页第9页/共39页If I _busy last night, I _ to s

8、ee the film with you .had not beenwould have gone第10页/共39页If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday. would not have had had driven 第11页/共39页第12页/共39页 If I could save time in a bottle, The first thing that I would like to do would be to save every day until eternity pass away just to spend

9、them with you If I could make days last forever If words could make wishes come true I would save every day like a treasure and then again I would spend them with you 如果我能把时间存入一个瓶子如果我能把时间存入一个瓶子, , 我要做的第一件事情是，我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下来直到永恒把每一天都存下来直到永恒, , 再和你一起慢慢度过再和你一起慢慢度过如果我能把时间化作永恒如果我能把时间化作永恒, , 如果我的愿望能一一

10、成真如果我的愿望能一一成真我会把每天都像宝贝一样储存，再和你一起慢慢度过我会把每天都像宝贝一样储存，再和你一起慢慢度过第13页/共39页 One day, a father and his little son were going home. At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. Now, he asked, Whats the meaning of the word Drunk, dad? Well, my son, his father rep

11、lied, “Look, there are two policemen standing over there. If I regarded the two policemen as four, I would be drunk. But, dad, the boy said, theres only ONE policeman! What can we infer from the dialogue? A. The father must have been drunk. B. The son was rather stupid. C. The son was good at findin

12、g others mistakes. D. The father was a policeman. 第14页/共39页 2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句 如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，构成倒装，多见于书面语。省略if 把were，had或should提前构成：第15页/共39页If he had known your telephone number yesterday, he would have telephoned you.= Had he known your telephone number ye

13、sterday, he would have telephoned you.If I were in your position, I would do it better.= Were I in your position, I would do it better. If it should rain, the crops would be saved.= Should it rain, the crops would be saved.If it were not for the expense, I would go to Paris.=Were it not for the expe

14、nse, I would go to Paris.第16页/共39页Were I you, I would try it again.= If I were you, I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.= If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.= If it should snow tomorrow, we

15、wouldnt go out.第17页/共39页 _five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive _it rain tomorrow, we should put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. could B. should C. would D. might第18页/共39页3、混合条件句(错综时间条件句) 当条件从句当条件从

16、句谓语动词谓语动词与主句与主句谓语动词谓语动词所表所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。应的调整。主句和从句的主句和从句的谓语动词谓语动词并不相互并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。 较多见的混合型条件句是较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。（指目前状态）。第19页/共39页如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学生，四年后就会大学毕业了。 If you had studied hard before, you would

17、be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years.如果你采纳了她的建议，你现在就会是个百万富翁了。 If you had taken her advice, you would be a millionaire now.假如我是你，我当时就会采纳她的建议。 If I were you , I would have taken her advice then.第20页/共39页 Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. What did yo

18、u do with the money I gave you yesterday?, Mother asked. I gave it to a poor old woman, he answered. Youre a good boy, said the mother proudly. Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman? “If she had not been the one who sold the candy, I would not have given her my mone

19、y and I would not be so interested in her.” he answered. What can we know from this passage?A. Robert paid the old woman for the candy. B. Robert was a good boy.C. The old woman gave Robert the candy for free. D. The old woman didnt sell the candy. 第21页/共39页Dentist: Im sorry, Madam, but I shall have

20、 to charge you twenty dollars for pulling your boys tooth.Women: Twenty dollars! Why，I understand you to say that youll charge only four dollars for such work! Dentist: Yes, if your son hadnt yelled so terribly, I would have four other patients now. What does the dentist mean? A. The boy didnt yell

21、because he was brave. B. The dentist wants to ask for his loss. C. He will have four other patients. D. He has four other patients now.第22页/共39页4、含蓄条件句 虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 含蓄条件句大体有两种情况含蓄条件句大体有两种情况: 条件暗含在介词 短语 连词 副词 如without, but for, but, or

22、, otherwise中 条件暗含在上下文中 解题时要把握语境，分析与何种事实（过去、解题时要把握语境，分析与何种事实（过去、现在和将来）相反。现在和将来）相反。第23页/共39页 Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. _, we would not live even for five minutes. But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. _, we should have arrived earlier. Jack cant have arrived ye

23、t; otherwise he would have telephoned me.=Jack cant have arrived yet; _, he would have telephoned me. = If there were no air=If it had not been for the stormif he had arrived 条件暗含在介词条件暗含在介词 短语短语 连词连词 副词中。副词中。第24页/共39页 条件暗含在上下文中条件暗含在上下文中。 You might stay here forever. (可能暗含可能暗含if you wanted to) We wou

24、ld have succeeded. (可能暗含可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be ruined. (可能暗含可能暗含if you should accept it) I would appreciate a little of your time. (可能暗含可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time)第25页/共39页Customer: Waiter, this lobster(龙虾) has only one claw（钳）. Waiter: I

25、m sorry. It must have been a loser in a fight, or it would have two claws now. Customer: Well, bring me the winner then. What can we learn from this dialogue?A. The lobster lost one claw in a fight. B. The lobster will get two claws in a fight.C. The waiter wants to find an excuse for the mistake. D

26、. The lobster has two claws now. 第26页/共39页 5、虚实结合在同一个情境下，在同一个情境下，兼有对虚拟和真实情况的描述兼有对虚拟和真实情况的描述第27页/共39页 We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday. （2012 福建） A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time

27、, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012 湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. hadDD真实情况虚拟情况真实情况虚拟情况第28页/共39页 They _ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go. (2007 山东) A. had got B. got C. have got D. get Do you think George has passed the driving

28、 test? No. If so, he _his car to our college yesterday.【2013福建30】 A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we_.【2013重庆29】 A. hadnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont第29页/共39页第30页/共39页

29、Response Ability A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: “If a fire broke out in the Louvre(卢浮宫 ), and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out? Which of the following do you think is the the winning reply ? A. The one nearest the exit. B. The m

30、ost expensive one. C. The lightest one. D. The oldest one. 第31页/共39页 New Discovery A hillbilly（乡下人）was visiting the big city for the first time. Entering an office building, he saw a pudgy（矮胖的） older woman step into a small room. The doors closed, lights flashed, and after a while the door slid open

31、 and a beautiful young model s t e p p e d o f f t h e e l e v a t o r . Blinking in amazement, the hillbilly drawled(慢吞吞地说), I should have brought my wife!“ Which of the following is wrong according to the passage? A. The hillbilly knew little about the big city. B. His wife was not attractive enough. C. His wife couldnt be