新编科技英语阅读教程第二章

1、Unit Two: Medicine于丽于丽 陈琰洁陈琰洁 萨拉麦提萨拉麦提 翟良锴翟良锴 What Your Mouth Can Tell Your Dentist According to the American Dental Association, more than 40 serious ailments, including diabetes, bulimia, brain tumors, and AIDS, can be detected in the mouth. “The mouth is the most visible and accessible barometer

2、of the bodys health.” -Dr. Lawrence Cohen “A patients survival rate is directly related to the time the cancer is found.” -Dr. Terry RosenbaumText What Your Mouth Can Tell Your Dentist Part I By telling two stories that two persons checked out their serious diseases early thanks to their dentists, t

3、hey illustrate that some life-threatening diseases can be detected during an oral examination. Part II Dentists may also detect numerous health problems that are not life-threatening. Part III Regular preventive care is not only for the health of the teeth, but for the overall health of the individu

4、al. - Heart disease. Gums that have turned a bright beefy red or purple. Kravitz checks his patients blood pressure when he notices those symptoms.- Type 2 diabetes. Gums that bleed at the slightest touch although there is no plaque evident. Kravitz said patients with diabetes also typically have so

5、res elsewhere on their bodies that they may not have connected to the disease. - Acid reflux. Teeth that look worn and pitted, as if theyd been dipped in battery acid. Only some teeth will be affected, depending on where the acids settle during a persons typical sleeping position. - Oral cancer. Gum

6、 tissues with white spots that last two weeks or more. (Kravitz said spots that clear up more quickly can indicate many other things, including something as simple as having bitten into too-hot pizza.) - Leukemia. Fiery-red swollen gums that just wont heal, distinguishable from diabetes symptoms wit

7、h a blood test. Following are some non-oral-health issues and the possible clues Kravitz says dentists may be able to identify: - Osteoporosis. Certain black spots on tooth X-rays that indicate air pockets and dead bone. - Stress. Gums that have pulled away from teeth, or teeth that themselves are f

8、ractured. All sorts of fungal, bacterial and viral infections can enter the body through cracked teeth, Kravitz said. - Sleep apnea. An enlarged tongue and inflamed gums in the part of the mouth through which air passes. - Pregnancy. Deeply swollen gums can indicate hormonal changes. - Bulimia. Uppe

9、r front teeth that are paper thin, with the enamel almost completely worn away, and teeth that hurt. Distinguishable from acid reflux because different teeth are affected. Interfere with Something that interferes with a situation, activity, or process has a damaging effect on it. 妨碍 eg. Smoking and

10、drinking interfere with your bodys ability to process oxygen. 吸烟和喝酒妨碍身体对氧的吸收能力。Concentration concentration of sth 集中；聚集 high concentration 高浓度，高强度 stress concentration 应力集中 concentration on 注意力集中于 low concentration 低浓度；低集中度Abort b:t vi. 流产；堕胎；夭折；发育不全 vt. 使流产；使中止 n. 中止计划 Spot spt n. 地点；斑点 vt. 认出；弄脏；用

11、灯光照射 vi. 沾上污渍；满是斑点 on the spot 立刻，当场;在危险中；处于负责地位 scenic spot 风景区；景点 hot spot 过热点；潜在的危险地区 bright spot 光点；辉点；高兴的事 What your mouth can tell your dentist (2)New words Some symptoms Questions Aloneadv仅仅；只oYou alone should determine what is right for you.只有你自己才能决定什么适合你。oThey were convicted on forensic evi

12、dence alone.仅凭着法医证据，他们就被判有罪。adv单单（强调部分或整体的数量） If you say that one person or thing alone is responsible for part of an amount, you are emphasizing the size of that part and the size of the total amount. Likelihood1. N-UNCOUNT 可能；可能性 The likelihood of infection is minimal. 感染的可能性极小。 2. N 可能的事 But the

13、likelihood is that people would be willing to pay if they were certain that their money was going to a good cause. 但如果人们确切知道自己的钱会用于做善事，他们就可能更愿意掏腰包。3. PHRASE 十之八九；极有可能 In all likelihood, the committee will have to interview every woman whos worked with Thomas. 十有八九，委员会将不得不与每一位曾和托马斯共过事的女性面谈Liking1. N-

14、SING 喜爱；爱好；嗜好 She had a liking for good clothes. 她喜欢高级服装。2. PHRASE （不）合（某人的）意 Shes asking far too many personal questions for my liking. 她问了我太多太多的个人问题。 London was more to his liking than Rome. 伦敦比罗马更称他的心。Likewiseadv. 同样地； 也，而且Her speech and her manner likewise upset me. 她的言谈使我心烦意乱，她的举止也一样。Like-minde

15、d 志趣相投的spotN-COUNT 可数名词(电视、广播节目的)固定时段 Unsuccessful at screen writing, he got a spot on a CNN film show. 写电影剧本未获成功后，他在美国有线新闻网的一档电影节目中争取到了一个 固定时段v. 看到;发现;认出Vicenzo failed to spot the error. 维森佐未能发现该错误。on the spot1.在现场2.立即;当场 The surveyor will use a laptop computer to give on the spot advice. 检测员会用一台手提

16、电脑当场给出意见3.使陷入困境;使为难Even clever people are not terribly clever when put on the spot. 即便是聪明人在面对难题时也未必就能表现得特别聪明。 Some non-oral-health issues and the possible clues dentists may be able to identify: Gums that have turned a bright beefy red or purple. A sweet ammonia smell on a persons breath Gum tissues

17、 with white spots that last two weeks or more. Fiery-red swollen gums that just wont healHeart diseaseKidney diseaseOral cancerLeukemia Gums that have pulled away from teeth, or teeth that themselves are fractured Deeply swollen gums can indicate hormonal changes. Upper front teeth that are paper th

18、in, with the enamel almost completely worn away, and teeth that hurt.StressPregnancyBulimiaHEADBOAYWORDS GROUP IN PASSAGE A常见器官甲状腺thyroid /ard / 脾spleen /splin/ 胰 胰岛素pancreas/pkrs/ insulin肝liver肾kidney肠intestine /ntestn/ 人体八大系统运动系统locomotor system 神经系统nervous system 内分泌系统endocrine system循环系统circulat

19、ory system呼吸系统respiratory system消化系统digestive system泌尿系统urinary system生殖系统genital system AIDS（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）艾滋病anemia 贫血arthritis 关节炎asthma 哮喘avian influenza（bird flu）禽流感cataract /ktrkt/ 白内障cholera 霍乱diabetes 糖尿病diarrhoea (US diarrhea) /dar/ 痢疾，腹泻dropsy 水肿，浮肿hepatitis/heptats/

20、肝炎 -hepatitis A 甲肝 -hepatitis B 乙肝 常见疾病名称常见疾病名称herpes 疱疹high blood presure （hypertension）高血压hypotension 低血压infertility 不孕，不育insomnia 失眠，失眠症malaria 疟疾plague 瘟疫pneumonia 肺炎rheumatism /rumtzm/ 风湿scarlet fever 猩红热smallpox 天花spasm 痉挛stroke 中风USEFUL EXPRESSIONS人们认为It is thought/ believed that.e.g. It is b

21、elieved that your mouth is a good indicator of your general health. 表示比例%(percent)two thirds of one sth. in a million 表明，指出A. indicate/ show/ suggest/ revealB. be an indication/ a suggestion of e.g. There is evidence to show that severe inflammation of gums may indicate leukaemia.缺钙，缺铁，缺锌calcium def

22、iciency; iron deficiency; zinc deficiency 口腔发炎；口腔溃烂mouth inflammation; mouth lesions 口臭bad breath 掉牙tooth lossContent of Passage AYour Mouth Is a Good Indicator of Your General HealthGumps - Symptom: severe inflammation, spontaneous bleeding, persistent mouth lesion - Cause: leukaemia; blood disorder; severe vitamin deficiencie