建工英语词汇(Vocabulary for Architecture English)

1、建工英语词汇(Vocabulary for Architecture English)accommodate 'kmdeit vt. 容纳；使适应acoustic 'ku:stik adj. 声音的，听觉的activate'æktiveit v. 触发，启动【例句】activated by selfish motives在自私动机的驱使下actuate 'æktjueit, -tu- v. 起动，开启【例句】Limit switches can easily be attached to the yoke of the valve. The

2、torque arm will actuate the switches in open and closed positions.在阀门的轭架上，可以容易的附加限制开关。转距臂会将开关设置在开启和关闭的位置。adjacent 'deisnt adj. 临近的aerial 'ril adj. 空中的，空气的aesthetically i:s'etikli adv. 审美地, 美学观点上地affix 'fiks v. 固定，帖上，签上 【例句】Once a model is certified , manufacturers can affix a Snell s

3、ticker to the inside as a seal of approval. 一款安全帽一旦获得认证，制造商就可以在安全帽内部贴上一张“斯内尔”贴纸作为认证标志。 analysis'nælsis n.分析;分解apparent 'pærnt adj. 显然的，明白的，表面上的【例句】an apparent advantage. 表面上的优势appurtenance 'p:tinns n. 附加物,附属物architect':kitekt n. 建筑师asbestosæz'bests n. 石棉asphalt 

4、9;æsfælt vt. 铺沥青于 n.沥青，柏油assemblage 'semblid n. 集合；装配assembly 'sembli n. 装配，集合【例句】Shall we start with the assembly line? 咱们从装配线开始看好吗？ backflow 'bækflu n. 回流bar b: n.条, 棒, 横木basement 'beismntn.地下室，地下层【例句】The central heating boiler is in basement.中央供暖系统的锅炉设在地下室。 basin &#

5、39;beisn n. 盆beam bi:mn. 横梁 【建筑用语】concrete beam 混凝土梁column beam 柱型梁bear be vt. 支撑；支持beneath bi'ni: prep. 在之下，adv. 向下binder 'baind n. 黏结剂bolt bult n. 螺栓连接bored cast-in-situ pile 钻孔灌注桩bottleneck 'btl,nekn. 瓶颈；障碍物boulevard  'bu:lv:, 'bulv:d n. 林荫大道，大马路bracket brækit n. 托架【

6、例句】If the pump has been flooded , dismantle the bracket and remove the bearings.如果泵被洪水淹过，请拆除泵壳的托架，并将轴承拆下。 budget 'bdit n. 预算vt. 编入预算，做预算bulldozer 'bul,duz n. 推土机，压路机cable 'keibl n. 悬索 cable-stayed bridge斜拉桥capability ,keip'bilti n. 性能；功能capacity k'pæsiti n. 容量，容积cast-in-situ

7、 现浇，现场浇灌cavity 'kævity n. 洞，腔chimney 'timni n. 烟囱circuit 's:kit n.电路, 线路 circulation ,s:kju'leinn. 循环,环流;运行.cistern 'sistn n. 水塔，蓄水池civil engineering 土木（民用）工程cladding'klædi n. 被覆，包层classify 'klæsifai v. 分类【例句】Some collectors have used the parts of the body

8、as a basis for arrangement, while others classify in terms of meanings expressed. 一些研究人员按身体动作的部位进行基础分类，而另一些人则根据动作的含义进行区分。 client 'klaint n. 委托人，当事人climatic variation气候变迁coil kil n. 线圈 column 'klm n. 圆柱, 柱壮物【例句】The dome was supported by nine columns. 这圆顶由九根柱子支撑。 combustible adj. 易燃的，可燃的commer

9、cial k'm:l adj. 商业的commissionk'min vt. 委托【例句】The artist was commissioned to paint a picture for the hall. 这位艺术家受委托为这个大厅作一幅画。 completionkm'pli:n n. 完成，竣工compound 'kmpaund n. 化合物；混合物compressionkm'pren n. 压缩力【例句】Quit Setup and check your compressed volume with your disk -compression

10、 software or remove the disk-cache utility . 请退出安装程序，然后使用磁盘压缩软件来检查压缩卷，或删除磁盘缓存实用程序。 compressive km'presiv a. 有压缩力的comprise km'praizvt. 包含；由构成【例句】The house comprises ten rooms.这所房子包括10个房间。compromise 'kmprmaiz n. 妥协；折衷，vt./ vi. 妥协；和解【例句】We can not compromise on such terms.我们不能根据这样的条件和解。conf

11、ine kn'fain vt. 限制：使局限于【例句】I shall confine myself to the subject of geography.我将专攻地理学。conjoinkn'din vt. 结合；联合contractor 'kntrækt n.承包人,承包单位,承包商contributor kn'tribjut n. 捐助人，出资者convince kn'vinsvt. 说服；使相信crack kræk v. 断裂，折断【例句】The glass will crack if you pour boiling wate

12、r into it.这玻璃杯开水一倒进去就会破裂。crane kreinn. 起重机；鹤criteria krai'tirin. 标准；准则（criterion的复数）cut down减少，降低cutoff 'kt:f n. 界定标准；截断；捷径【例句】Based on the test results of raw material, mix design, workability and physical- mechanical performances a kind of clay concrete for cutoff wall in Mijiazhai Project

13、 is proposed. 研究结果表明：减缩剂能够改善高性能混凝土的工作性，对混凝土的力学性能无副作用，能够有效地提高混凝土的抗裂性能。 dampness 'dæmpnisn. 潮湿database 'deit,beisn. 数据库；资料库dead load 永久荷载（恒荷载）deadening of sound 消声deck dek n. 甲板；露天平台【例句】Within five years , every plank on the deck will need replacing . 每五年，桥面上的木板就要全部更换一次。 deflect di'fl

14、ekt v. (使)偏斜, (使)偏转【例句】The bullet struck a wall and was deflected from its course.那子弹击中墙壁，因而偏斜。deform di'f:m v. 使变形; 使成畸形; adj. 畸形的【例句】In severe cases , it can deform joints and cripple its victims . 严重的病例，可使关节变形，使病人残废。 dehumidify,di:hju:'midifaivt. 除湿，使干燥dismantle dis'mæntl vt. 拆除，

15、拆卸，粉碎【例句】With this approach , there would be no need to build new long-distance pipelines or dismantle the present automotive servicing infrastructure . 采用此种方式后，未来就不需要建造长距离管线，或拆除现有的汽车修护基础设施。 distinctive di'stiktiv adj.有特色的, 与众不同的distribute di'stribjutvt. 分发;分配【例句】The estate will be divided a

16、mong the heirs.财产将被分发到继承者手中。domain d'mein n. 领域, 范围domes dumz n. 穹顶；拱形结构double-layer 双层【例句】Waterproof system double-layer waterproofing structure and drainage system are applied . 防水体系采用双层结构防水、排水体系。 drainage 'dreinid n. 排水；下水道 driven cast-in-situ打入式现场浇注桩durability ,djur'bilti n. 耐久性；坚固；耐

17、用年限【例句】According to the researchers , this interior space would exert an outward force on the shell, adding to its durability . 据研究员称，这种内部空间会向外释放出一种力量，加强自身的持久性。 dwell dwel v. 居住ecological ,i:k'ldikl adj. 生态的economical ,i:k'nmikl adj. 节约的, 节俭的, 经济的【例句】Engineers are forever seeking more econom

18、ical methods of solving old problems . 工程师们常常探索解决老问题的更加经济的办法。 efficient i'fint adj. 高效的，有效的Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔 （位于法国塞纳河南岸） elastic modulus弹性系数；弹性模数elasticity ,elæs'tisti n. 弹性；弹力；灵活性elevator 'eliveit n.电梯eligible for 合适的；有资格的 embed im'bed vt. 使插入, 使嵌入erectioni'rekn n. 建立, 建造【

19、例句】We shall tender for theerection of that building . 我们要为兴建那一建筑物而去投标。escape route 走火通道；逃生通道essential i'senl n.本质, 实质, 要素, 要点ETFE乙烯四氟乙烯聚合物evaluate i'væljueit vt. 对评价；判断的意义或价值【例句】"The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early to evaluate its su

20、ccess.""这个研究项目进行了不过三个月,所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。"evaporate i'væpreit vt. 使蒸发；使脱水【例句】Even if theconstitution is endorsed by a fat majority , the dangers that have afflicted Kenya will not evaporate . 然而，即使是新宪法得到了广泛的大多数的支持，让肯尼亚受尽折磨的种种危险也不会凭空消失。 evolution ,i:v'lu:n n. 演变，进化，发展evolve

21、 i'vlv vt. vi. 引出,发展excavation ,eksk'vein n. 挖掘，开凿exceed ik'si:d vt. 超过，超越；vi.（在数量、质量上）领先execute'eksikju:t v. 实施，施工【例句】execute a command 执行命令execute a plan 实施计划execution ,eksi'kju:n n. 实施，执行expedite 'ekspi,dait vt. 加快进展；迅速完成expertise eksp't i:z n. 专门知识或技能expiry iks'pa

22、iri n. 期满，终止expiry month 到期月份 Expiry Time 到期时间 exterior eks'tiri adj. 外部的,外表的; n. 外部,外表【例句】The escape of neutrons occurs at the exteriorof the uranium (or plutonium )material . 中子的逸漏发生于铀（或钚）块的外表面。 fissure 'fi vt. 裂开n. 裂开【例句】shear fissure 剪切裂纹transverse fissure 横向裂缝floor fl:, fl n. 楼板fluoresc

23、enceflu'resns n. 荧光footing 'futi n. 基础【建筑用语】footing course建基础层foundation faun'dein n. 基础, 地基frame freim vt. 构成, 设计framefreim n. 框架friction 'frikn n. 摩擦，摩擦力frigid 'fridid adj. 严寒的fulfill ful'fil vt. 完成(任务等);实现full sized 与实际尺寸相同的；足尺的fuse fju:z n. 保险丝, vt. 熔合;混合fuse with（使）与熔合（或

24、融合）generate 'denreit vt. 形成；造成generator 'denreit n. 发电机, 发生器geology di'ldi n. 地质学geometric diu'metrik adj. 几何学的；geotechnical engineering岩土工程grain reinn. 粮食；纹理.gravel 'rævl n. 碎石；砂砾grid formation 铁骨构架配置设计ground leveln. 地平面；地面标高groutraut vt. 用泥浆填塞；n. 泥浆guarantee ,gærn'

25、;tin. 保证，保证书guideline 'gaidlain n. 准则；指导方针 harmony 'h:mni n. 协调, 融洽hazard 'hæzd n. 可能的危险之源, 危险heat-proofadj. 耐热的，隔热的【例句】It can be used in hostile environment and weather , with good property of -proof and heat -proof. 防水及耐高低温、高湿性能好，可在各种恶劣环境和气候条件下使用。hectare'hekt: n. 公顷high-rise b

26、uilding 高层建筑horizontal ,hri'zntl a. 地平线的, 水平的hose huz n. 软管 【例句】Remove caliper flex hose brackets from the frame rails . 从车架的轨道拆卸弯角器折曲软管支架。 hydration hai'drein n. 【化学用语】水合作用identify ai'dentifai vt. 确定；识别；鉴定；把定名为industrial in'dstril adj. 工业的,产业的【例句】industrial developmen 工业发展industrial

27、 pollution 工业污染ingredient in'ri:djnt n.（构成）要素，因素【例句】alloying ingredient 合金成分, 合金配料compounding ingredient 配合材料insulator 'insjuleit n. 绝缘体intensify in'tensifai v. 加强,增强【例句】Now is the time to intensify the struggle on all fronts . 现在是在各条战线上加强斗争的时候了。 intensity in'tensiti n. 密度，强度interior

28、 in'tiri a. 内部的,内在的irrigation ,iri'einn. 灌溉，冲洗landscape 'lændskeip n. 地形，园林，景观lateral 'lætrl a. 横(向)的, 侧面的liability ,lai'bilti n. 责任，义务limestone 'laimstun n.石灰岩linear 'liniadj.直线的，线状的magnitude 'mænitju:d n. 震级maintain mein'tein vt. 维持；维修maintenance

29、'meintinns n. 维护, 保持mall m:l n. 大型购物商场；大木锤manageability n. 可管理性masonry 'meisnri n. 砖石；石造建筑master'm:st adj.主要的，总的；n. 主人，大师maximize 'mæksimaiz vt. 最大化vi. 达到最大值measurement 'memnt n. 尺寸；测量 mechanical mi'kænikl adj. 机械的；力学的；无意识的；手工操作的metric ton公吨 metropolitan,metr'pl

30、itn adj.大都市的; n. 大都市居民migration mai'rein n. 迁移,移居,迁徙minimize'minimaizv. 把减至最低数量multi-storey' mlti'st:ri n. 多层natural resources 自然资源negative'negtiv adj 否定的，消极的; 反面的orient ':rint adj. 东方的vt. 定.的方位; 以.为方向pedestrian pi'destrin n. 步行者, 行人 adj. 步行的;人行的【例句】a pedestrian bridge 人行

31、桥pipeline 'paip,lain n. 管道，管线pipeline engineering 管道工程pressure 'pre n. 压力，压强pressure booster增压器project engineer项目工程师residence 'rezidns n. 住所，住宅rivet 'rivit vt. 铆钉连接, n.铆钉Rivet table 拉钉机 Blind rivet 盲孔铆钉 ; 空心铆钉rivet joint 铆接 ; 联合铆钉 sandwich 'sænwidn. 夹层sanitary 'sæni

32、tri adj. 公共卫生的;卫生上的service tunnel 备用通道；安全作业通道shear wall 剪力墙;结构墙sheet i:t n. 薄板, n.纸张, n.床单solar panel太阳能电池板，太阳能接收板stadium ' steidjm n. 露天大型运动场，体育场stairwell 'stewel n. 楼梯井，楼梯间stand stænd n. 看台substructure'sb,strkt n. 基础，下部结构superstructure 'sju:p,strkt n. 上部构造, 上层建筑supervise '

33、sju:pvaiz vt. 监督，管理thrust rst n. 【建筑用语】推力toll tuln. (路，桥)通行费；服务费，vt. 征收；敲钟topsoil 'tpsiln. 表土（层），耕作（层）utility ju:'tiliti n. 公用事业; adj. 公用事业的, 通用的utilize'ju:tilaiz vt. 利用，使用ventilation venti'lein n. 通风，换气versatile 'v:stail adj. 有多种用途的，多才多艺的；通用的，万能的vertical 'v:tikl a. 垂直的, 直立的w

34、eld weldn. 焊接, vt.焊牢【例句】Lasers , however , can be aimed to weld a join from a distance.然而，激光可以远距离的对准焊接点。 welding weldi n.焊接法, 定位焊接withstand wið'stænd vt. 经受，承受zinc zik n.锌. vt. 镀锌于；涂锌于；用锌处理【例句】Zinc can also help the body fight lead absorbace.锌也可以帮助体内减少对铅的吸收。 Technical terms常用专业术语 Const

35、ruction Enterprises （建筑施工企业）China State Construction Engineering Corporation中国建筑工程总公司Civil Construction Engineering Corporation土木建筑工程总公司Construction Installation Engineering Corporation建筑安装工程总公司Road & Bridge Engineering Corporation of China中国路桥工程总公司No.1 Construction Engineering Company第一建筑工程公司Co

36、nstruction Decoration Company建筑装饰公司Construction Materials Supplying Company建筑材料供应公司Construction Transportation Company建筑运输公司Construction Engineering Branch建筑工程分公司Construction Engineering Stock Company建筑工程股份公司Construction Engineering Limited Company建筑工程有限公司Construction Engineering Brigade建筑工程施工队Struc

37、ture of Construction Engineering Corporation（建筑工程总公司机构设置）Board of Directors董事会President Office总经理办公室Management &Administration Dept. 经营管理部Labour & Personnel Dept. 劳动人事部Planning Division综合计划处Financial Affairs Division财务处1st Business Dept.业务一部2st Business Dept. 业务二部Science& Technology Divi

38、sion科技处Quality Supervision Division质量监督处Overseas Company海外公司Design &Consulting Company设计咨询公司Material Supply Division物资供应处Equipment Division动力设备处Construction Administration Division施工管理处Factory Administration Division工厂管理处Building Science Research Institute建筑科研所Hong Kong Office驻香港办事处Enterprise Ma

39、nagerial Personnel（企业管理人员）Chairman of the Board董事长Director of the Board董事president ; general manager总经理vice-president副总经理manager经理manageress女经理deputy manager副经理business manager经营经理sales manager销售经理project manager项目经理production manager生产经理engineering manager工程经理site director工地主任chief of division处长fac

40、tory director厂长chief of section科长workshop manager车间主任section chief工段(股)长storekeeper库管员Labour and Wages Management （劳动工资管理） labour discipline management劳动纪律管理adjustment of working hours调整工作时间wages grading system工资等级制度wages/salary工资，薪水wages level工资水平working year工龄money award, bonus奖金prize奖品certificate

41、 of merit奖状quota of enterprise-staff企业定员level of labour quota劳动定额水平labour-assignment劳动力分配recruitment of labour劳动力招收three-shift workday system三班制eight-hour workday八小时工作日day shift白班night shift夜班swing shift中班treatment of staff and workers职工待遇wage plan工资计划numbers of staff and workers职工人数labour and wages

42、劳动工资双方 Organization Scheme（组织关系）building owner/promote client建筑业主architect建筑师civil engineer土木工程师quantity surveyor预算师main contractor承包工人，包工头subcontractor分包人foreman工长，工头qualified man/skilled man技工journey man熟练工unqualified man/ unskilled man普工Management of Enterprises（企业管理）state-owned enterprises国有企业co

43、llective enterprises集体企业private enterprises私人企业economic reckoning经济核算cost accounting成本核算reduction of cost降低成本circulating funds流动资金turnover of funds资金周转profit rate利润率profit and loss盈利与亏损gross/net profit毛/净利capital goods生产资料economic target figures各项经济指标production investment生产投资total value of output总产值

44、information feedback信息反馈raise/increase productivity提高生产率state ownership国营所有制collective ownership集体所有制individual ownership个人所有制system of reward and penalty奖罚制度system of personal responsibility岗位责任制finished product成品semi-finished product半成品budget of working drawing施工图预算regulations for technological op

45、erations技术操作规程Deciding Items （决定事项）offer报价 tender投/招标contract承包inquire about price询价make a contract订立合同sign a contract签署合同annul a contract取消合同revise a contract修改合同terminate a contract终止合同inspect quality检查质量inspect safety检查安全site test现场试验do quality supervision进行质量监督lay the foundation stone奠基do site i

46、nvestigation进行现场考察purchase building materials订购建材start breaking up the ground破土动工have an on-the spot meeting召开现场会carry out safety education进行安全教育hold a completion ceremony举行落成典礼Submit Tender and Invite Tender （投标与招标）Tender Committee招标委员会invite tenders/bids招标submit tender，bid投标joint tender联合招标itender

47、/bid price投标价格tender/bid offers投标开价arbitrator仲裁人owner业主tenderer，bidder投标人，报价人international tender/bid国际招标advertised tender/bid公开招标competitive tender/did竞争招标tender/bid procedures投标程序tender/bid documents投标文件，投标书tender/bid deadline投标截止日期tender/bid guarantee投标保证书letter of enquiry/inquiry函询，投函询价submissio

48、n of tender投函、投标pay dues/duties纳税give preference to给特惠volume of work(s) 工程规模（量）commencement of work(s)开工completion of work(s) 竣工opening a tender/bid开标winning a tender/bid中标losing a tender/bid未中标time of submission of tender投标日期successful tenderer/bidder中标人notification of tender of award中标通知time of ex

49、ecution of work (s) 施工期Contract Management（合同管理）negotiate a contract洽谈合同initiate a contract草签合同hand over a contract移交合同consider a contract审查合同terminate a contract终止合同hold a contract信守合同make a contract 订立合同revise a contract 修改合同sign a contract 签署合同long-term contract 长期合同void contract 失/无效的合同annul/can

50、cel a contract取消合同infringe/break a contract 违反合同execute/perform a contract 履行合同terminal/fixed term contract 定期合同Contract Clauses（合同条款）contractual obligations 合同的义务talks under contract 根据合同谈判（洽谈）defects liability period 保修期appendix to contract 合同附件conditions of contract 合同条件contract number 合同编号contract period 合同期contract sum 合同金额bills of quantity 工程量表date for possession 施工日期date for completio