机电专业英语Unit 5

1、LOGO模具基本结构 徐存善主编 徐存善主编 What does “mould” mean ？“Mould”是什么意思(单选)？提交 徐存善主编 徐存善主编 A simple mould of this type is shown in Figure 5-1, and a description of the design and of the opening sequence follows. The mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity plate and the

2、feed plate, respectively. The moving half consists of the moving mould plate assembly, support blocks, backing plate, ejector assembly and the pin ejection system. Thus the moving half in this design is identical with the moving half of basic moulds. 徐存善主编 The floating cavity plate, which may be of

3、the integer or insert-bolster design, is located on substantial guide pillars (not shown) fitted in the feed plate. These guide pillars must be of sufficient length to support the floating cavity plate over its full movement and still project to perform the function of alignment between the cavity a

4、nd core when the mould is being closed. Guide bushes are fitted into the moving mould plate and the floating cavity plate respectively. 徐存善主编The maximum movement of the floating cavity plate is controlled by stop bolts or similar devices. The moving mould plate is suitably bored to provide a clearan

5、ce for the stop bolt assembly. The stop bolts must be long enough to provide sufficient space between the feed plate and the floating cavity plate for easy removal of the feed system. The minimum space provided for should be 65mm just sufficient for an operator to remove the feed system by hand if n

6、ecessary. 徐存善主编 The desired operating sequence is for the first daylight to occur between the floating cavity plate and the feed plate. This ensures the sprue is pulled from the sprue bush immediately the mould is opened. To achieve this sequence, springs may be incorporated between the feed plate a

7、nd the floating cavity plate. The springs should be strong enough to give an initial impetus to the floating cavity plate to ensure it moves away with the moving half. It is normal practice to mount the springs on the guide pillars (Figure 5-2) and accommodate them in suitable pockets in the floatin

8、g cavity plate. 徐存善主编The major part of the feed system (runners and sprue) is accommodated in the feed plate and to facilitate automatic operation the runner should be of a trapezoidal form so that once it is pulled from the feed plate is can easily be extracted. Note that if a round runner is used,

9、 half the runner is formed in the floating cavity plate, where it would remain, and be prevented from falling or being wiped clear when the mould is opened.Now that we have considered the mould assembly in some detail, we look at the cycle of operation for this type of mould. 徐存善主编The impressions ar

10、e filled via the feed system (Figure 5-1(a) and, after a suitable dwell period, the machine platens commence to open. A force is immediately exerted by the compression springs, which causes the floating cavity plate to move away with the moving half as previously discussed. The sprue is pulled from

11、the sprue bush by the sprue puller. After the floating cavity plate has moved a predetermined distance it is arrested by the stop bolts. The moving half continues to move back and the moldings, having shrunk on to the cores, are withdrawn from the cavities. The pin gate breaks at its junction with t

12、he runner (Figure 5-1(b). 徐存善主编The sprue puller, being attached to the moving half, is pulled through the floating cavity plate and thereby releases the feed system which is then free to fall between the floating cavity plate and the feed plate. The moving half continues to move back until the eject

13、or system is operated and the moldings are ejected (Figure 5-1(c). When the mould is closed the respective plate are returned to their molding position and the cycle is repeated. 徐存善主编underfeed ,Qndfi:d adj. 底部进料的vt. 不充分供料cavity kvti n. 型腔；洞，凹处assembly sembli n.集合，装配，集会pin pin n. 钉，销，栓ejector idVekt

14、 n. 脱模器substantial sbstnFl adj. 坚固的，实质的n. 本质alignment lainmnt vt. 校直n.成直线；校准core kC: n. 型芯sprue spru: n. 注料口incorporate inkC:preit adj. 合并的vt. 合并 徐存善主编spring spri n. 弹簧vt. 使跳起impetus impits vt推动力，促进runner rQn n分流道impression impreFn n. 型腔；压痕dwell dwel n保压withdraw widrC: vt从撤回（过去分词为withdrawn）bolster b

15、ulst n. 上下模板，垫板insert ins:t n嵌件，镶件accommodate kCmdeit vt. 供给，容纳 徐存善主编guide pillar导柱guide bush导套stop bolts限位钉feed system浇注系统sprue bush注料口衬套sprue puller浇道拉杆pin gate点浇口floating cavity plate 型腔板support blocks 支承块backing plate 支承板Language points 徐存善主编 1. The floating cavity plate, which may be of the int

16、eger or insert-bolster design, is located on substantial guide pillars fitted in the feed plate. 译文：浮动型腔板通过导柱固定在定模板上，设计形式可以是整体式，也可以是嵌入式。 说明：句中的which从句为非限定性定语从句，修饰floating cavity plate，解释说明浮动型腔板的设计形式。 Language points 徐存善主编2. The major part of the feed system. is can easily be extracted.译文：浇注系统的主要部分 (

17、分流道和主流道)设在定模板上，为便于自动操作，分流道应采用梯形截面，以便于脱出浇注系统凝料。说明：句中的so that 从句为目的状语从句。Language points 徐存善主编3. The sprue puller, . and the feed plate译文：安装在动模部分的拉料杆脱离浮动型腔板，浇注系统凝料由此脱下，然后在浮动型腔板和定模板之间自由落下。说明：句中的which is.and the feed plate是状语，修饰the feed system。be attached to: 附属于，连接 Exercises 徐存善主编I. Answer the following

18、 questions. How many basic parts does the mould consist of? What are they?2. How many parts does the moving half consist of? What are they?3.Can you briefly describe the cycle of operation for this type of mould? The mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity p

19、late and the feed plate, respectively. The moving half consists of the moving mould plate assembly, support blocks, backing plate, ejector assembly and the pin ejection system. Paragraph 7-9Exercises 徐存善主编II. Place a “T” (true) or an “F”(false) beside the sentences according to the text. 1. The guid

20、e pillars are fitted in the feed plate. 2. Guide bushes are fitted into the moving mould plate. 3. The maximum space provided for should be 65mm just sufficient for an operator to remove the feed system by hand if necessary.4. The pin gate breaks at its junction with the runner.TFFTExercises 徐存善主编Th

21、e mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity plate and the feed plate, respectively. 2. The moving mould plate is suitably bored to provide a clearance for the stop bolt assembly. Translate the following sentences into Chinese模具由三个基本部分组成，分别是动模部分、浮动型腔板和定模板。 在动模板

22、的适当位置钻孔，以便安装限位钉。 徐存善主编科技英语具有词义多、长句多、被动句多、词性转换多、非谓语动词多、专业性强，结构严密、逻辑性强等特点。在科技英语翻译实践中，有时若按字面翻译，句子的结构不完善，或句子的含义不明确，或词汇的概念不清晰时，需要增加某些词语，以便更完善、清楚地表达英语句子的内容。增词译法，是翻译的基本方法之一，就是在译句中增加或补充句子中原本没有或省略掉了的词语，以便更完善、更清楚地表达原意。徐存善主编 英语中通常用动词形式变化或加上助动词表示时态，翻译时要刻意用汉英语中通常用动词形式变化或加上助动词表示时态，翻译时要刻意用汉语表达出来。语表达出来。比如： The mech

23、anical ignition system was mechanical and electrical and used no electronics before 1975. 1975年之前，机械式点火系统只采用机械装置和电气装置，并不采用电子装置。 （used表示过去状态）徐存善主编 翻译数词时，常常需要加上量词，如翻译数词时，常常需要加上量词，如“个个”、“只只”、“量量”、“台台”等。此外，还要根据上下文正确判断其复数是等。此外，还要根据上下文正确判断其复数是“二二”还是还是“多个多个”。比如： The distributor has two tasks to perform. 分电

24、器有两个任务需要完成。 （增加量词“个”） Chromium improves the properties of steel. 铬可改进钢的各种性能。 （properties译为“各种”）徐存善主编 英译汉时，有时所有的词汇都相应地译出后，汉语句子的结构显得不英译汉时，有时所有的词汇都相应地译出后，汉语句子的结构显得不完整。这时，应增补缺少的句子成分。完整。这时，应增补缺少的句子成分。比如： An exact solution demands much calculation. 一个精确的解答要求进行很多次计算。 （补充谓语“进行”） Fuses are cheap,other equipm

25、ent is much more expensive. 保险丝很便宜，但其它保险设备却昂贵得多。 （在“设备”前补充定语“保险”）徐存善主编英语中常根据语法或语言习惯省略某些重复出现的词语，但用汉语逐英语中常根据语法或语言习惯省略某些重复出现的词语，但用汉语逐词翻译后不能清楚明确表达原句概念，可补充出来进行解释说明。词翻译后不能清楚明确表达原句概念，可补充出来进行解释说明。比如： The following discussion assumes the teeth gear to be perfectly formed,perfectly smooth,and absolutely rigid

26、. 下面的讨论中假定轮齿加工没有误差，轮齿表面完全光滑，轮齿为绝对刚体。 （增加重复词语“轮齿”） 徐存善主编 The best service information in the world is useless if the technician cannot readily retrieve the information. 如果技师不会快速地检索住处的话，那么，即使世界上最好的维修信息，也都就没有用了。 （增加衔接词语“也都”） The reliability of semi-conductor devices is very important, especially in spa

27、ce applications. 半导体器件的可靠性至关重要,特别是在空间技术应用中尤其如此。 （增加“尤其如此”）徐存善主编 模具的顶出系统将在以下三个标题中讨论，即：(i) 推出支架；(ii) 推板装配机构；和 (iii) 推出方式。 推出支架 推出支架是模具的一部分，用来支撑模板，并为推板的装配和运动提供空间。推出支架通常由动模座板和几块支撑块组成，支撑块安装在动模座板上，且便于加工成型。The ejector system in a mould will be discussed under three headings, namely: (i) the ejector grid; (

28、ii) the ejector plate assembly; and (iii) the method of ejection. Ejector gridThe ejector grid is that part of the mould which supports the mould plate and provides a space into which the ejector plate assembly can be fitted and operated. The grid normally consists of a back plate (clamp plate ) on

29、to which is mounted a number of conveniently shapedsupport blocks.徐存善主编There are three alternative designs:( i ) The in-line ejector grid;( ii )The frame-type ejector grid;( iii )The circular support block grid.推出支架有三种设计形式：(i) 同轴的推出支架； (ii) 框状推出支架： (iii) 圆形支架。徐存善主编Ejector plate assemblyThe ejector p

30、late assembly is that part of the mould to which the ejector element is attached. The assembly is contained in a pocket, formed by the ejector grid, directly behind the mould plate. The assembly consists of an ejector plate a retaining plate and an ejector rod. One end of this latter member is threa

31、ded and it is screwed into the ejector plate (see cross-section view). In this particular design, the ejector rod functions not only as an actuating member but also as a ejector rod passes through an ejector rod bush fitted in the back plate of the mould.推板装配机构也是模具的一部分，用来安装推出零件。推板装配机构安装在推板支撑架内，直接装在模

32、板后面。装配机构由推板、推板固定板和注塑机顶出杆组成。注塑机顶出杆一端带有螺纹，通过螺纹紧固在推板上。在这种结构中，顶出杆的作用不仅是推出零件，而且顶出杆上直径相等的部分通过顶出杆套筒，套筒安装在模具座板上。 徐存善主编Before proceeding to discuss the individual parts in more detail, let us consider how this assembly is actuated. The mould is mounted on the moving platen of the injection machine. To the le

33、ft of the moving platen is the machines actuating rod. This member can be adjusted to allow for various alternativeejector strokes. When the moving platen is caused to move to the left, and the mould opens, the moulds ejector rod at some point of the stroke strikes the actuating rod. The entire ejec

34、tor plate assembly is arrested as shown at (b). The remainder of the moving half (i.e. the mould plate and the ejector grid) continues to move to the left until the opening stroke is complete (c). This relative movement between the ejector plate assembly and the mould plate is necessary to operate t

35、he ejector element.徐存善主编在更详细讨论模具推出方式之前，我们了解一下推出机构是如何工作的。模具安装在注塑机的移动台板上，台板左侧是注塑机推动杆。推动杆的位置是可以调整的，以适应不同的“推动力”。当移动台板向左移动时，开模，在推动杆的作用下模具推杆运动。整个模具推件装配机构如图5-l (b) 所示。动模的其余部分(例如模板和推出支架)继续向左运动，直到模具完全打开 (如图5-l (c) 所示)。为使推出元件起作用，推板装配板和模板之间必须存在相对运动。徐存善主编推出方式对于内部不带有其他形状的塑件，塑件冷却后，其收缩状态取决于塑料熔体的成型过程。例如实芯矩形件，塑件的收缩作

36、用使其脱离型腔壁，因此，可以采用简单的脱模方式 (推出塑件)。Ejection techniques When a moulding cools, it contracts by an amount depending on the material being processed for a moulding which has no internal form, for example a solid rectangular block, the moulding will shrink away from the cavity walls as shown, thereby permit

37、ting a simple ejection technique to be adopted.徐存善主编然而，若塑件具有内部形状，冷却收缩时塑件将包紧在型芯上，因此，有必要采用一些适当的方式推出塑件。 设计推出机构时有几种方式可供选择，但是，总的说来，选择哪种推出形式取决于塑件的形状。基本的推出方式有以下几种：(i)针状脱模；(ii)推管脱模；(iii)推杆脱模；(iv)推件板脱模；（v)气动脱模；(vi)卸料板脱模。However, when the moulding has internal form, the moulding, as it cools, will shrink onto

38、 the core and some positive type of ejection is necessary.The designer has several ejection techniques from which to chose but, in general, the choice will be restricted depending upon the shape of the moulding. The basic ejection techniques are as follows: (i) pin ejection; (ii)sleeve ejection; (ii

39、i)bar ejection; (iv)blade ejection; (v)air ejection; and (vi)stripper plate ejection.徐存善主编Ejection from fixed halfWhile it is generally desirable to situate the ejector system in the moving half of the mould, this is not always practicable. Consider the case of a box-type component which must, for r

40、easons of appearance, be gated from the inside. In this case the core and the ejector system are mounted on the fixed mould half. Now this presents certain complications.定模部分的推出机构尽管推出机构通常安装在模具的动模部分，但这种方式并不总是可行的。考虑到箱形塑件的表面质量，浇口必须设置在塑件内部。这种情况下，型芯和推出系统安装在定模部分，模具具有一定的复杂性。徐存善主编First, to incorporate an ej

41、ector grid and ejector assembly behind the fixed mould plate causes this mould half to be excessively deep. Because of this the melt has to travel a long distance from machines muzzle. This distance can be minimized, however, by sinking the sprue bush deep into the mould plate assembly as illustrate

42、d, though this necessitates using a special extension muzzle.首先，推出支架和推板装配板安装在定模板后面，这将极大地增加模具高度。因此，熔体从喷嘴射出后要经过较长的距离 (才能进入型腔)。然而，为缩短这段长度，浇口套 (必须) 较深地进入模板内，装配结构如图例，这就必须使用特殊的延伸式喷嘴。徐存善主编Second facilities are not normally provided on the machine for actuating any type of ejector system from the fixed moul

43、d half side. This means that the actuating mechanism must be incorporated in the mould design.While any of the ejection techniques discussed in section 3.4 can be incorporated in the fixed half, certain of these techniques are more easily incorporated than others.其次，注塑机的定模部分并不提供任何驱动推出系统工作的动力装置，这就意味着

44、动力机构必须与模具设计成一体。尽管在上面“推出方式”中讨论的所有推出方式都能安装在模具的定模部分，但是在设计时应根据具体情况选择适合的方式。徐存善主编Sprue pullersWhen the mould opens it is essential that the sprue is pulled positively from the sprue bush. With single-impression moulds the sprue feeds directly into the base of the component and the sprue is pulled at the s

45、ame time as the moulding is pulled from the cavity.拉料杆开模时，流道凝料必然从浇口套中拉出。对于单腔模具，熔体沿着主流道直接进入模具型腔。开模时，塑件脱离型腔，浇道凝料也一同脱出。 徐存善主编For a multi-impression moulds using a basic feed system, the sprue would probably be left in the sprue bush each time the mould was opened. This would necessitate a manual operat

46、ion to remove the unwanted sprue. To avoid this undesirable feature, an arrangement for pulling the sprue should always be incorporated in the design.对于带有基本浇注系统的多腔模具，每次开模时浇道凝料很可能滞留在浇口套中，必须用手工去除熔体凝料。为避免这种情况，设计时总会考虑安装浇道凝料拉出机构。徐存善主编The common sprue pulling methods utilize an undercut pin or an undercut

47、 recess situated directly opposite the sprue entry. The plastics material which flows into the undercut, upon solidifying, provides sufficient adhesion to pull the sprue as the mould is opened.普通的拉料方式是利用推杆顶部加工出的凹陷拉料，或者利用主流道入口处的凹陷拉料，该处凹陷与主流道的 (锥度) 方向相反。熔体进入凹陷后，(冷却) 凝固，开模时，(这部分凝料)能够提供足够大的阻力以拉出浇道凝料。徐存善

48、主编There are two basic designs of sprue puller. In one, the undercut is produced within the cold slug well region, and is situated below the parting surface. In the second design, the undercut portion of the sprue pulling device is situated above the parting surface. To differentiate between these tw

49、o basic types, we designate them type A and type B respectively.拉料杆有两种基本形式。一种是在冷料井底部加工出空间，这种方式适合在分型面下部使用。另一种是在拉料装置的顶部加工出适当的形状，该方式适合在分型面上部使用。为区分两种基本拉料方式，我们分别用方式A和方式B表示。徐存善主编Fig. 5-1 Opening sequence of a basic underfeed type mould 徐存善主编 Fig. 5-2 Drawing example of underfeed mould New words and phrase

50、s 徐存善主编徐存善主编grid grid n. 支架；计网格；栅格；输电网mount maunt vt. 安装；增加；n. 底座in-line in,lain adj. 同轴的；嵌入的，内嵌的rod rCd n. 杆；枝条；惩罚；权力threaded Wredid adj. 有螺纹的v. 穿过，穿线于screw skru: vt. 旋，拧；强迫n. 螺丝钉actuate ktjueit vt. 开动（机器等）；驱使；激励muzzle mQzl n. 喷嘴，枪口；口套recess rises n. 凹陷 vt. 使凹进；放在隐蔽处New words and phrases 徐存善主编徐存善主编

51、frame-type 框架式的retaining plate 推板固定板moving platen 动模板sprue puller 拉料杆multi-impression mould 多腔模具Exercises徐存善主编1.推出支架2. 定模部分Translate the following phrases into English. ejector gridthe fixed halfExercises徐存善主编3.推杆脱模 4. 拉料杆bar ejectionsprue puller徐存善主编模具的顶出系统将在以下三个标题中讨论，即：(i) 推出支架；(ii) 推板装配机构；和 (iii)

52、 推出方式。推出支架推出支架推出支架是模具的一部分，用来支撑模板，并为推板的装配和运动提供空间。推出支架通常由动模座板和几块支撑块组成，支撑块安装在动模座板上，且便于加工成型。推出支架有三种设计形式：(i) 同轴的推出支架； (ii) 框状推出支架： (iii) 圆形支架。徐存善主编推板装配机构推板装配机构推板装配机构也是模具的一部分，用来安装推出零件。推板装配机构安装在推板支撑架内，直接装在模板后面。装配机构由推板、推板固定板和注塑机顶出杆组成。注塑机顶出杆一端带有螺纹，通过螺纹紧固在推板上。在这种结构中，顶出杆的作用不仅是推出零件，而且顶出杆上直径相等的部分通过顶出杆套筒，套筒安装在模具座

53、板上。徐存善主编在更详细讨论模具推出方式之前，我们了解一下推出机构是如何工作的。模具安装在注塑机的移动台板上，台板左侧是注塑机推动杆。推动杆的位置是可以调整的，以适应不同的“推动力”。当移动台板向左移动时，开模，在推动杆的作用下模具推杆运动。整个模具推件装配机构如图5-l (b) 所示。动模的其余部分(例如模板和推出支架)继续向左运动，直到模具完全打开 (如图5-l (c) 所示)。为使推出元件起作用，推板装配板和模板之间必须存在相对运动。徐存善主编推出方式推出方式对于内部不带有其他形状的塑件，塑件冷却后，其收缩状态取决于塑料熔体的成型过程。例如实芯矩形件，塑件的收缩作用使其脱离型腔壁，因此，可以采用简单的脱模方式 (推出塑件)。然而，若塑件具有内部形状，冷却收缩时塑件将包紧在型芯上，因此，有必要采用一些适当的方式推出塑件。 设计推出机构时有几种方式可供选择，但是，总的说来，选择哪种推出形式取决于塑件的形状。基本的推出方式有以下几种：(i)针状脱模；(ii)推管脱模；(iii)推杆脱模；(iv)推件