现代大学英语精读Lesoon Two

1、Lesson 2The Boy and the Bank OfficerPhilip Ross Background:BanksBanks first emerged in the Middle Ages when people grew tired of carrying around all their gold and began leaving their money with the goldsmith. The Medici family, one of the most prominent banking families in Europe during this time,

2、became quite wealthy from its banking and money lending practices. This 14th-century painting depicts people depositing and withdrawing money in an Italian bank.lItalian Banking in the 14th CenturyBackground:Churches and churchgoers As for the British churchman, he goes to church as he goes to the b

3、athroom, with the minimum of fuss and no explanation if he can help it. -Ronald Blythe, British writer. The British churchgoer prefers a severe preacher because he thinks a few home truths will do his neighbours no harm. -Attributed to George Bernard Shaw, Irish playwright.Background:Churches and ch

4、urchgoers A man who is good enough to go to heaven, is good enough to be a clergyman. -Samuel Johnson (1709 - 1784) British lexicographer and writer I had explained that a womans asking for equality in the church would be comparable to a black persons demanding equality in the Ku Klux Klan. -Mary Da

5、ly (1928 - ) U.S. feminist and theologian.Background:Churches and churchgoersIf people want a sense of purpose they should get it from their archbishop. They should certainly not get it from their politicians-Harold Macmillan British prime minister.Nobody but poor folks get happy in church. -Richard

6、 Wright, U.S. novelistWord Study: series (pl. unchanged) a of stamps, coins a television/radio 串联 a connection a parallel connection account n. 账户，户头 e.g. have an at/with that bank open/close an Word Study: 报告，叙述 e.g. She gave the police a full of the incident. on no ; not on any account 决不可以；切莫 e.g

7、. Dont on any leave the prisoner unguarded. 这个罪犯决不能没人看守。 on of sth; on this/that 因为、由于；为此 e.g. We delayed our departure on of the bad weather. of great, small, no, some, etc 很重要、不大重要 e.g. a man of no 无足轻重的人 take of sth; take sth into /consideration考虑；斟酌 e.g. When judging his performance, dont take h

8、is age into . Word Study: leave sth out of /consideration 忽略某事；不重视某事 v. for sth 解释某事物的原因 e.g. His illness s for his absence. 他因病缺席。 Please for you disgraceful conduct. 对你的可耻行为请作解释。 accounting 会计学 accountable for sth 负责 e.g. He is mentally ill and cannot be for his actions. accountant n. 会计师；会计员 acco

9、untancy 会计职业Word Study: alternative n. 可能性中的选择 e.g. You have the of marrying or remaining a bachelor. Caught in the act/on the spot, he had no but to confess. adj. 可用以代替其它事物的；另一可选用的；其他的 e.g. Have you got an suggestion? alternate v. 轮流；交替 alternation current 交流电 direct current 直流电Word Study: authorit

10、y 权威 e.g. Who is in ? 现在谁掌权？ She has over the people she to take orders from? 她现在有权力支配那些一贯向她发号施令的人。 职权；权限 to do e.g. We have the to search the building. 当局；官方 e.g. I shall have to report this to the authorities. Hes in care of the local . 他归地方当局管。Word Study: 具有专门知识的人；权威 e.g. Shes an on phonetics. au

11、thorize v. 授权；委托 e.g. I have d him to act for me while I am away. 批准；认可 e.g. Has this visit been d? 这次访问获准了吗？ authorization 授权；委任；授权书；委托书 authoritative a. 有权威的；可靠的 e.g. information from an source 来自权威方面的消息 官方的；当局的Word Study: branch root and branch 彻底的，完全的 e.g. destroy an organization root-and-branch

12、 reform bully v. e.g. He was bullied by the older boys at school sb. into doing sth 企图胁迫某人做某事 e.g. The manager tried to his men into working harder by threatening them with dismissal.经理企图以解雇相威胁，迫使职工更卖力气。 n. 恃强凌弱的人bully-boy 打手；暴徒Word Study: conclude sth with sth 结束 a few concluding remarks e.g. The s

13、tory s with the heros death. 故事随主人公死亡而告终。 She d her talk with a funny story. sth from sth （经推理）相信某事物 e.g. What do you from the facts? sth with sb 达成；缔结（条约等） e.g. Britain d a trade agreement with China. Word Study: -ish （与n结合构成a或n）某国家或某民族（语言或民族） e.g. Danish 丹麦语，丹麦的 Dane; Irish 爱尔兰人；爱尔兰语 （与n.构成a.）(esp

14、 derog) 一样的；像似的 e.g. childish; bookish（好学的；书生气的） 稍为的；有点儿的 e.g. reddish; twentyish -less （与n构成a） hopeless, useless, meaninglessWord Study: interfere in sth; between sb and sb 干涉；介入 e.g. Dont in matters that do not concern you. Its unwise to between husband and wife. with sb 干扰或妨碍某人 e.g. Dont with him

15、 while hes working. interference n. interfering a. 爱管闲事的（作定语） mustache: hair on upper lip beard: hair growing on mans chin goatee: short pointed beard whiskers 络腮胡子Word Study: protest v. about/against/at sth 抗议；反对 e.g. She ed strongly at being called a snob. 她极力反对别人说她势利眼。 严正地或坚决地申明；声辩 e.g. She ed th

16、at she had never seen that man before. n. 抗议；反对 a demonstration, march, movement protester 抗议者Protestant 新教徒（指16C脱离罗马天主教之基督团体或后来由其形成的教派成员）Word Study: rear n. a cars door, lights, wheels, window rearguard 后卫部队rear-view mirror v. 养育（子女等） 饲养（羊、家禽等）；种植（作物） 抬起（尤指头） e.g. The snake ed its head. Terrorism r

17、ears its ugly head again. 恐怖主义再次嚣张起来。Word Study: represent 代表；象征 e.g. The rose s England. representation n. representative a. 有代表性的；典型的 n. 典型；有代表性的人或事物 （被迁入立法机构的）代表Word Study: upset v. 使心烦意乱：（精神或感情上）烦恼或混乱： e.g. The bad news upset me.那则坏消息使我心烦意乱。 withdraw withdrew; withdrawn sb/sth from sth收回、取回、撤回或撤

18、走某人，某物 e.g. The general refused to his troops. The old coins have been withdrawn from circulateon. withdrawn a. 指人不交际的，离群索居的 e.g. He became increasingly since his wifes death. Text Analysis: 1. happen to be: to do/to be sth. by chance e.g. I happen to know something about medicine, so he could not f

19、ool me. She happened to be away, so we did not see her. When the fire broke out , I happened to be passing by. 2. in the first place: used to introduce a series of points in an argument or to talk about what should have been done. e.g. I didnt go because, in the first place, I didnt have time. In th

20、e second place. -What did I say wrong? -You shouldnt have told him in the first place.Text Analysis: 3. haired 有某种毛发的 e.g. a curly-haired girl hair-drier 吹风机 hair-piece 假发wig hair-style straight hair wavy hair curly hair fringe/bang 刘海儿 sideboards/sideburns 鬓角 parting/part头发分界Text Analysis: 4. necks

21、 领口 crew neck 圆式紧衣领 polo-neck 圆高翻领 turtle（海龟）neck 高而紧的领口tortoise（陆龟） 5. because of e.g. He prefers to live in warm places because of his poor health. She made of terrible mistake because of her ignorance of the law. (she is ignorant of the law)Text Analysis: 6. His face wore a puzzled frown. 他皱着眉头显出

22、不解的样子。 7. with + n. + 分词 e.g. From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe, with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 从太空看，地球就像一个巨大的被水覆盖的球体，上面有几块突出水面的陆地。 The cheat left the house with the door shut. with + n. + 不定式 e.g. With these to help him he tried to send a picture o

23、f a face. 在这些人的帮助下，他试着把一张脸的图像发出去。Text Analysis: with + n. + adj. e.g. He left the house with the door open. with + n. + 介词短语 e.g. She saw a river with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 8. think twice about sth/doing sth 认真考虑后再决定做某事 e.g. Next time you must think twice before you decide. You

24、should think twice about employing someone youve never met. think nothing of sth/doing sth 认为（做）某事很平常、不特殊 e.g. She thinks nothing of walking 30 miles a day. 9. be adj. enough to doText Analysis: 10. since 既然 e.g. Since you already know something about it, let me tell you the whole story. Since you a

25、re all here, lets discuss it now. as to (whether, who, which): concerning e.g. I cant decide as to when we should start. It is still unclear as to who this car belongs to. She was uncertain as to why her boss offered her that job. (“as to” is quite formal. It can be dropped in the above examples and

26、 should be dropped in conversation)Text Analysis: as for sb/sth 至于 e.g. As for you, you should be ashamed of yourself. as to sth; as regards sth至于某事物；提到某事物 e.g. As to correcting our homework, the teacher always makes us do it ourselves. e.g. There are no special rules as regards what clothes you sho

27、uld wear. there is some/no question of (sb) doing sth e.g. There was some question of selling the business. 有可能将公司转让。 out of the questionText Analysis: 11. may but : although one thing is true, sth else that seems very different is also true e.g. You may be rich, but you cant buy everything. I may b

28、e stupid, but I am not as stupid as you think. 12. have no choice but to do e.g. We have no choice but to work hard. Caught on the spot, he had no choice but to confess. 13. zero in on sb: aim guns 将枪炮等瞄准；focus on sb/sth 将注意力集中于sb/sth；将焦点调到 exaggerated expression for humorText Analysis: 14. interest 利益、好处（通常pl.） in sbs interest(s)为某人的利益；对某人有好处；有利于某人 e.g. It would be in your interests to accept. 利息 (repay, return) with interest(s) 加息（还款）Fill in the blank It was lunchtime and the only officer (