研究生英语阅读教程(提高级第三版)教学课件Lesson

1、1 Advanced Reading Revised Edition 2策 划：鞠方安 商希建顾 问：李光立主 编：刘兰芝 杨真真副主编：Gerald Zimmerman 张波 任林静制作人：刘红梅3 Lesson Two Humbled by Nature Humble by Culture4 Catalogue textBackground InformationWarm-up QuestionsMain IdeaLanguage Points Difficult SentencesKeys to the Exercises5Susanna Jones, author of The Mis

2、sing Persons Guide to Love, Water Lily, The Earthquake Bird and editor of The Illustrated Brighton Moment. Susanna Jones was born in Hull in 1967. She studied drama at London University where she became interested in Japanese culture after studying Japanese Noh theatre. This Background Information6

3、led to her living and working in Japan for several years as a teacher of English in Nagoya, and later in Tokyo, where she also worked as a radio script editor. While living in Tokyo she started her first novel, The Earthquake Bird (2001), a murder story. This novel won a Crime Writers Association Jo

4、hn Creasey Memorial Dagger, a Mail on twenty languages. Background Information7 11 March Japanese earthquake and tsunamiResidents survey the damage from the tsunami8 Fukushima Nuclear Accident Fukushima nuclear plant after tsunami 9 Background InformationPress here and watch Japan Quake: Measuring t

5、he Damage 10Warm-up Questions 1. What do you know about tsunami in general and the tsunami on March 11, 2011 in particular?2. . What do you think of Japanese culture and its characteristics ? 3. What are the necessary measures to cope with natural disasters? 11 Main IdeaSusanna Jones wrote this arti

6、cle only two weeks after the devastating March 11, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Northern Japan. She first presents her views on how the Japanese people reacted to this tremendous disaster. She continues to add her thoughts on how cultural restraints influence a peoples response to national tragedy

7、. She reflects on how the Japanese people have always recognized the role of nature in their lives, including the12 Main Ideapleasing changing of the seasons, the importance of the land and sea for their food supply, and the always-present threat of natural disasters from earthquakes and tsunamis. B

8、y comparing the 1995 Japanese response to both a terrorist attack that killed 12 people, and a major earth- quake that killed 6,000, she wonders why there was longer longer lasting public reaction to the terrorist attackthan the more devastating Kobe earthquake. Could it be13that forces of nature ar

9、e an inevitable part of Japanese historical experience, but that the terrorist attack was a human caused event, over which there should be greater control? Was it because they did not want to think about unpredictable earthquakes? Susanne Jones goes on to consider a small collection of short stories

10、 written after the 1995 Kobe earthquake by a Japanese novelist,Haruki Murakami. In these stories she searches for an Main Idea14understanding of how Japanese culture is responding now, and how, over time, how it may respond to the catastro- phic earthquake and tsunami of 2011. Main Idea15Language Po

11、ints1. scale n u singular ( line 1, para.1 ) the size or extent of sth, especially when it is very big 法治一旦崩溃就有可能导致大肆杀戮。 The breakdown of law and order could result in killing on a massive scale. 他低估了问题的严重性。 He underestimates the scale of the problem.16Language PointsSynonyms: amount, area, breadth,

12、 bulk, capacity, depth, width, volume, dimensions, extent, guge, height, immensity, largeness, length, magnitude, measurement, propotions 17Language Points2. tsunami n c ( line 1, para.1 ） a very large wave, caused by extreme conditions such as an earthquake, which can cause a lot of damage when it

13、reaches land18Language Points3. reminder n c ( line 1, para.1 ） sth that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth 这些废墟提醒人们不要忘记战争的恐怖。 These ruins are a reminder of the horrors of war. 发生了暴力事件。这给了人们一个严酷的提示宗 教紧张局势还在持续。 Violence has broken out , a stark reminder that the religious tensions are ref

14、using to go away. 19Language PointsSynonyms: memorandum, nudge, prompt, mnemonic20Language Points constant/painful/vivid etc reminder2) sth, for example a letter, that reminds you to do sth which you might have forgotten我收到图书馆的另一张催还单。 I have had another reminder from the library. 总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应

15、该交 的房租。 It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent. 21Language Points4. carry vt ( line 2, para.1 ） 1) to convey 将英国文化传递到世界的另一端。 They carried the English culture to the other side of the world. 她把这则消息立刻禀报了主人。 She carried the news straight to the master.22Language Points

16、2) be/get carried away: to be so excited, angry, interested etc that you are no longer really in control of what you do or say, or you forget everything else 我激动不已,几乎哭了出来。 I got completely carried away and almost cried. 23Language Points 5. horror film/movie ( line 1, para.2 ） a film in which strang

17、e and frightening things happen 再也不要带我去看恐怖电影，我简直被吓得 魂不附 体。 Never take me to a horror film again. I was scared out of my wits. 24Language Points6. footage n u ( line 1, para.2 ）cinema film showing a particular event 他们准备播放今年夏天节日庆典的独家镜头. They are planning to show exclusive footage from this summers fe

18、stivals. 这个片段来自事发当晚的闭路摄象。 This is footage from the closed-circuit camera on the night in question. 25Language Points 7. clich n（line 3, para.2 ） 1) an idea or expression used by many people 她正尝试写一篇没有陈词滥调陈词滥调内容的爱情故事。 She is trying to write a love story without resorting to well-worn clichs. 2) adj us

19、ed or heard so often as to be dull a clich tale of lust and betrayal among the fabulously rich 富人之间老生常谈老生常谈的欲望与背叛的故事26Language PointsA clich is a common and overused phrase. It is used to describe something. The word “trite” might also be used. Using clichs is often considered to demonstrate a lack

20、of creativity. Here Jones gives the example of using the word “nightmare”, a horrible frightening dream, in describing an apocalypse, an event with destruction of a catastrophic scale. She goes on to say that sometimes something is so terrible, that simple, clich words are the best to use. 27Languag

21、e PointsSynonyms: banality, commonplace, familiar phrase, hackneyed expression, platitude 28Language Points8. apocalypse n c ( line 3, para.2 ） the apocalypse: the destruction and end of the world 我们生活在世界末日的阴影中。 We live in the shadow of the apocalypse.29Language Points9. points of reference n c plur

22、al ( line 4, para.2 ） sth you already know about that helps you understand a situation 我们在英语教学上还有固定不变的参考标准吗？ Do we still have any fixed point of reference in the teaching of English?本文主要介绍了参考标准的使用。 The use of reference points is briefly introduced in this paper.30 10.rip away v adv ( line 6, para.2)

23、 to remove sth quickly and violently 昨夜的风把树叶都刮掉了。 Last nights wind had ripped all the leaves away from the trees. 我剥掉了他伪君子的画皮。 I ripped away his mask of hypocrite .Language Points31Language Points11. helicopter n c ( line 6, para.2) a type of aircraft with large metal blades on top which turn around

24、 very quickly to make it fly ; choppe32Language Points12. hover over/above vt ( line 6, para.2) it stays in one place in the air 海鸥在惊涛骇浪上翱翔。 Seagulls hover over the surging waves.33Language Points13. raging adj ( line 6, para.2) 1) continuing or moving with great natural force Raging flame 他看到一道烈火熊熊

25、的巨大火墙。 He saw a gigantic wall of raging flame before him. 实地考察时要穿过一条水流湍急的河。 The field trip involved crossing a raging torrent. A raging torrent34Language Points2) continuing strongly and showing no signs of ending如果再发生严重的通货膨胀，那么利率就会迅速上调。 If raging inflation returns, then interest rates will shoot up

26、. 可能偶尔会有批评，但现在显然没有出现激烈的辩论。 There may be the occasional criticism but its clear there is no raging debate right now. 35Language Points14. screenings n ( line 7, para.2) a showing of motion picture 制作人将出席电影放映礼介绍他们的作品。 The film-makers will be present at the screenings to introduce their works. 各电视台被禁止播

27、放任何有关这次游行的画面。 TV stations were banned from screening any pictures of the demonstration. 36Language Points 15. magnitude n ( line 1, para.3 ) 1) the force of an earthquake 1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。 The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a magnitude of 8.3. 2) n u the great size or importance of sth 37Lan

28、guage Points这么大的手术实施起来十分困难。 An operation of this magnitude is going to be difficult.似乎没有人意识到这个问题的严重性。 No one seems to realise the magnitude of this problem. 38 16. unforgiving adj ( line 1, para.4 ) 1) harsh and unremitting 一片恶劣荒凉的风景 an unforgiving and desolate landscape2)not willing to forgive; unm

29、erciful They are unforgiving of the smallest mistake. l最小的错误他们都不宽恕。Language Points39Language Points17. typhoon n (line 1, para.4) a very violent tropical storm40 18. lest conj ( line 2, para.4) for fear that often used after an expression denotingfear or apprehension 他上好闹钟，免得上课迟到。 He set the alarm l

30、est he be late for class. She tiptoed lest the guard should hear her. 她蹑手蹑脚，唯恐守卫听到。Language Points41Language Points19. iconic adj icon n ( line 2, para.4 ) An “icon” is a visual image that is strongly associated with a specific place, event or feeling. In Christianity and other religions an icon may

31、 be identified with a holy figure or concept. 42Language Points20. Mount Fuji n ( line 2, para.4) a volcano, about 100 km southwest of Tokyo, which is the highest mountain in Japan. Its top has the shape of a perfect cone.43Language Points21. viewing n ( last line of para.4 ) watching 她不赞成儿子不加选择地看电视

32、。 She disapproved of her sons indiscriminate television viewing. 晚上看了一部怀旧的影片。 The film provided an evening of nostalgic viewing. 44Language Points22.volcano n ( last line of para.4) a mountain with a large hole at the top, through which lava ; very hot liquid rock is sometimes forced out 火山爆发，把无数的石块

33、抛向天空。 A volcano erupted and propelled rocks high into the sky. 死火山又重新喷发，对这座城市来说意味着大难临头。 The extinct volcanos eruption would mean a cataclysm for the city. 45Language Pointsactive volcano : one that may explode at any timedormant volcano : one that is not active at the momentextinct volcano : one tha

34、t is no longer active at all46 23 . be tempered with (line 3, para.5) to dilute, qualify, or soften by the addition or influence of something else; to moderate 宽严相济（恩威并施） to temper justice with mercy The news story was tempered with a paragraph of explanation and justification. 一段解释和正当的理由缓和了新闻故事造成的影

35、响。Language Points47Language Points24. band n ( line 4, para.5) 1) narrow area of light, colour, land etc that is different from the areas around it 那只白盘子镶有金边。 The white plate has a gold band. 她穿了一条滚黑边的红色裙子。 She wears a red skirt with band of black in it.48Language Points2) a group of people formed b

36、ecause of a common belief or purpose一伙无视法律的暴徒过去常横行于这个镇子，一路 烧杀抢掠。 Bands of law breakers used to rage through the town, shooting and robbing. 49 25. evoke vt ( line 6, para.5 ) 1) to bring to mind or recollection 老房子唤起了他童年的回忆。 The old house evoked memories of his childhood. His words evoked an angry r

37、eply. 2) to call forth or provoke; to producel 他的话引发了愤怒的回复。Language Points50Synonyms: evoke, educe, elicitThese verbs mean to draw forth or bring out sth latent, hidden, or unexpressedto evoke laughter to try to elicit the truth to educe significance from the eventLanguage Points51Language Points26.

38、 cherry blossoms n ( line 6, para.5 ) a flower or the flowers on a tree or bush in (full) blossom with flowers fully open52Language Points27. neon n ( last but 2nd line of para.5 ) a colourless gas that is found in small quantities in the air and is used in glass tubes to produce a bright light in e

39、lec- tric advertising sign53Language Points 28. overlay n ( last line of para.5 ) sth which covers sth else 一张台面一张台面包包银的桌子。银的桌子。 a table covered with silver overlay 砖墙上覆盖了一层木板。 An overlay of wood covers the brick wall. 54Language Points 29. live with v prep ( line 1, para.6) to accept a difficult si

40、tuation that is likely to continue for a long time ; to put up with, to tolerate 必须学会必须学会接受压力。压力。 You have to learn to live with stress. 不管你喜欢与否，你得接受新税法。 Whether you like it or not, you will have to live with the new tax law. 55Language Points30. suspend vt ( line 5, para.6 ) 1) to stop 我请求他们别轻率下断语。

41、 I request them to suspend their decision. 说来话长，你可得当真事来听。 It is a long story. You will have to suspend disbelief completely. 56Language Points2) to make someone leave their school or job for a short time, especially because they have broken the rules 他因吸毒休学了。 He was suspended from school for drug-ta

42、king.57Language PointsSynonyms: adjourn, break off, defer, delay, discontinue, interrupt, postpone, put off58 31 . subsequent adj ( line 2, para.7 ) 1) following in time, order, or place 人口增长率在1999年达到了高峰，在随后几年下降。 The rate of population growth reached a peak in 1999 and declined in subsequent years.

43、The child became ill subsequent to receiving an injection against measles. 2) subsequent to: afterl 孩子在注射麻疹疫苗后生病了 。Language PointsMeasles59Synonym: consequent, ensuring, following, later, next, resulting, succeedingsucceeding : coming after or following The couple purchased some land, and in the cou

44、rse of the succeeding year built a house on it. The old man had not eaten since the preceding day. Antonym: preceding : existing or coming beforeLanguage Points60Language Points32. package n ( line 3, para.7 ) 1) sth wrapped in paper, packed in a box and then sent by mail or delivered ; parcel BrE 我

45、撕开了那个包裹。 I tore open the package. 我们需要几段绳子用来打包。 Well need several lengths of string to tie the package. 61Language Points2) a set of ideas or services that are suggested or offered all together as a group 政府已经公布了帮助英国电影产业的一揽子措施。 The government has announced a package of measures to help the British f

46、ilm industry. 他们下了很大的决心，提出了一揽子解决问题的设 想。 It was a hard decision for them to propose the package solution.62Language Points33. media coverage n ( line 5 & 6 ， para.7 ) when a subject or event is reported on television or radio, or in newspapers 媒体大量地报道这些事件只会使问题持续下去。 Giving these events a lot of media

47、coverage merely perpetuates the problem. 63Language Points34. initial adj ( line 6 , para.7 ) happening at the beginning; first 本次会议的初步目标是澄清这些问题。 The initial aim of this meeting is to clarify the issues. 她克服了起初的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。 After shed overcome her initial shyness, she became very friendly. 64Languag

48、e Points35. adversity n u ( line 7, para.7 ) a situation in which you have a lot of problems that seem to be caused by bad luck 在患难中不弃你而去的人才是真正的朋友。 In time of adversity, those who do not desert you are real friends. 有充分准备的人，在逆境中充满希望，在顺境中不 忘担忧。 A well-prepared mind hopes in adversity and fears in pro

49、sperity.65Language PointsSynonyms: calamity, catastrophe, disappointment, disaster, hardship, misadventure, mischance, mishap, reverse, tragewdy, trouble, vicissitude, set back66Language Points36.“ goes some way ” ( line 8, para.7 ) to make progress toward; to accomplish something. This phrase would

50、 usually imply having or making a significant contribution - ( as opposed to “going a little way”, making a small contribution to explain-ing, or accomplishing something. 67Language Points37. dissect vt ( line 9, para.7 ) to examine sth carefully in order to understand it 人们想仔细分析他的作品，并质疑其动机。 People

51、want to dissect his work and question his motives. 这几本书分析了名人的生活。 The books in which the lives of famous people are dissected.68Language PointsSynonyms: break down, analyze, interpret, investigate, scrutinize, separate out69Language Points38. afford/have/enjoy the luxury of sth ( line 1& 2 para.8 ) t

52、o have sth that is very pleasant or convenient, that you are not always able to have 三年来，这是他们第一次在一起待一整天。 For the first time in three years, they had the luxury of a whole day together. 时间是他无法享用的奢侈品。 Time had become a luxury that he could not afford. 70Language Points39. keep somebody at a distance (

53、 last but line of para.8 ) to avoid becoming too friendly with someone 他们想和邻居保持距离。 They tend to keep their neighbours at a distance.71 40. immerse oneself in v prep ( line 2, para.9 ) to become, or to make sb become, completely involved in sth 她沉浸在写短篇小说之中。 She had immersed herself in writing short s

54、tories. Other expressions: be engrossed in ; be wrapped in thought l 他醉心于岛屿的文化中。 He immersed himself in the culture of the island.Language Points72Language PointsSynonyms: bathe, dip, drench, drown, dunk, plunge, submerge73Language Points41. anthology n ( last line of para.9 ) a set of stories, poem

55、s, songs etc by different people collected together in one book ; collection 我有一本现代名言集萃。 I have an anthology of modern quotations. 这是一本妙语连珠、智慧洋溢的文集。 It is an anthology that crackles with wit and wisdom.74Language Points42. aftershock n ( the last line of para.9 ) the effects of a shocking event 去年遭受

56、的旱灾让他们心有余悸、倍感忧虑。 They were already under stress, thanks to the aftershock of last years drought. 75Language Points43. bonfire n c ( line 3 , para.10) a large outdoor fire, either for burning waste or for a party 他们不断往篝火上加木柴，直到火光冲天。 They piled wood onto the bonfire until the flames roared.76Language

57、Points44. upbeat adj (line 2 ,para.11) positive and making you feel that good things will happen downbeat 科学家对即将收集到的信息仍满怀希望。 Scientists remain upbeat about the information that will be gathered. 国防部长对目前的战事给予了乐观的评价。 The Defense Secretary gave an upbeat assessment of the war so far.77Language Points45

58、.update n c ( line 2 ,para.12 ) the most recent news or information about sth 新闻快讯 a news update 最新天气报告 a weather update 最新足球战况 football results update7846. go about v prep（last line of para.12 ) l 尽管战争一触即发，人们仍像平时一样忙于工作。 Despite the threat of war, people go about their work as usual. Wed like to hel

59、p but were not sure how to go about it. to set about；to do sthl 我们愿意帮助，但我们不知道如何去做。Language Points79Language Points47. “ getting on with it.”（last line of para.12 ) To “get back on track” is an idiom , that is to return to what one is supposed to be doing.“ getting on with it.” means to continue doin

60、g what was planned, normal, expected. 80Language Points48. narrative n c fml (line 3 ,para.13) a description of events in a story, especially in a novel 这本书的大部分篇幅都是叙述性的。 Narrative makes up most of the book. 霍尔巧妙地把历史研究揉进了扣人心弦的故事叙述。 Hall skilfully weaves the historical research into a gripping narrati