新概念第二册51、52

1、Lesson 51 & 52 reward riw:d n. 报偿 virtue v:tu: n. 美德A fat manrewardrewardvirtuevirtuedietdietforbidforbidhurriedlyhurriedlyembarrassembarrassguiltilyguiltilystrictstrict n. 报偿give sb. reward 给.报偿(n.)v. 奖励，奖赏奖励，奖赏reward sb. with sth.用.奖赏.reward sb. for sth.因为.给某人奖赏The teacher rewarded him for the

2、 first prize.It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. n. 美德, 优点Virtue is her own reward. 美德本身就是回报。 virtueless adj.无道德的，无优点的 dait n. 节食go on a diet / be on a diet You never tell me to go on a diet.She is on a diet for her figure. fbid v.禁止(-forbadefbeid -forbidden fbidn )for

3、bid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 同：prohibit pruhibit （正式，通过法律） 反：permit pmit 允许，许可forbidden adj. The Forbidden city adv. 匆忙地Ann, where are you going hurriedly?hurry n./v. 匆忙Please hurry, we are late.Hurry to do s.th 匆忙做某事他匆匆忙忙去赶车。He hurried to catch the bus. / He caught the bus

4、 hurriedly. imbrs v.使尴尬我希望我没有给你丢人。I hope I didnt embarrass you.embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的你可能会伤到自己，而且可能使你感到尴尬。You can hurt yourself, and that can be embarrassing, too.embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的Sally感到很有趣，而我却很尴尬。Sally felt it very interesting, but I was very embarrassed.embarrassment n.难堪；使人为难的人或事物To my emba

5、rrassment, I found my pocket empty.giltili adv. 内疚地Have a guilty conscience 问心有愧 conscience良心Have a clear conscience问心无愧“这是我的错”他内疚地说。Its my fault. he said guiltily.adj. 严格的,严谨的；精确的；绝对的：be strict with sb.My father is strict with me.strict definition 精确的定义 ；strict loyalty lilti 绝对的忠诚 strict standard 严

6、格的标准 strict analysis nlsis 精确地分析 keinli adv. 偶尔地occasion(机会n.)+al(形容词后缀)+ly(副词后缀)occasionally偶尔他偶尔出错，但不是时常出错。He makes mistakes occasionally, but not often.雨总是下个不停。It rained continually. (It stopped occasionally.)first of all 首先, 首要 (许多事情中首要的, 即最重要的)at first首先(句型 : at first., then. : 起先.然后.)write out

7、 写出The doctor wrote out a prescription.priskripn 医生开了张药方。 可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分 则只是包含一部分The parcel contained a dictionary . 那包裹里装的是一本字典。 The parcel included a dictionary . 那包裹里也包括了一本字典。这次旅行包括游览巴黎。这次旅行包括游览巴黎。 The tour includes a visit to Paris .pay sb. a visitpay sb. a visit 拜访某人pay a visit to sb./somepl

8、ace:pay a visit to sb./someplace:拜访某人/某地.She must pay a visit to her grandmother.我希望去长城游览一番。I hope to pay a visit to the Great Wall.as.as ever 像往常一样Hugh was still as fat as he ever was.as clean as ever as quiet as everbe surprised to do / be surprised at sth. lead - led -led lead sb. into somewhere

9、把某人领进某地条条大路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome.hide - hid - hid/ hiddenIt + be / 实义动词 + that 从句形式主语形式主语 真实主语真实主语【special difficultiesspecial difficulties】1、raise vt.(及物动词) 升起，上升 rise vi.(不及物动词)升起，上升2、lay vt. -laid- laid- laying lie vi. -lay- lain- lying lay the egg / lie in bed3、beat 后面接对手: I beat you. win 不

10、能接对手 1 Everybody(raised)(rose)when he entered the room. 2 I have been(laying)(lying)here for half an hour.3 Mrs.Jones(laid)(lay)the table before breakfast.4.The aeroplane(raised)(rose)into the air. 5 Im not very good at chess. He always(wins)(beats) me.6Did you(win)(beat)or lose?I asked.（参考L27）一般过去时

11、的句子中经常会出现表示过去的时间状语，这些时间状语（信号词）主要有：yesterdayyesterday昨天 last spring last spring 上个春天 a few a few days ago days ago 几天前 many years ago many years ago 数年前in 1990 在1990年 last night last night 昨晚 this this morning morning 今天早上；等等1.1.Do you enjoy moving house/ changing Do you enjoy moving house/ changing

12、the furniture in your room?the furniture in your room?2.2. What is in your room? What are they What is in your room? What are they made of?made of?What is the writers What is the writers carpet made of? carpet made of?It is made of books.It is made of books.现在完成时现在完成时: have/has done: have/has done现在

13、完成进行时现在完成进行时: have/has been doing: have/has been doing现在完成时现在完成时 : : 1 1、在漫长地时间段、在漫长地时间段, , 过去发生的事情过去发生的事情, ,并对现并对现在产生影响在产生影响2 2、在过去发生的动作、在过去发生的动作, , 一直延续到现在一直延续到现在现在完成进行时：现在完成进行时：动作从过去到现在，可能还动作从过去到现在，可能还会继续，强调持续不停会继续，强调持续不停 try to do sth. 尝试做某事in order : 有秩序, 有次序get sth. in order 使.有秩序(get 使役动词)这个小

14、孩已经把他的玩具收拾好了。The kid has already got his toys in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. to make matters worse 更糟糕的是 插入语插入语, , 放在句子的开头放在句子的开头, ,与主句之间用逗号隔开。与主句之间用逗号隔开。rather ad

15、v.相当地temporarily temprriliadv. 临时地，暂时地adj. ？temporary 临时的，暂时的temporary punishment 有期徒刑temporary worker 临时工 temporary pleasure 一时的快乐At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. at the moment now现在现在inch int n. 英寸英寸(度量单位度量单位)foot

16、 英尺英尺 , mile 英里英里1 foot=12 inches; 1 mile = 5280 feetGive him an inch and he will take a mile.得寸进尺得寸进尺space speis n. 空间空间 actually ktuli adv. 实际上实际上in factA short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw

17、all those books on the floor.a short while ago 不久前（不久前（L35）help sb (to) do sth 帮某人做某事帮某人做某事(to 可省略可省略)get a big surprise 大吃一惊大吃一惊 This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen,she said. She gazed at it for some time then added,You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and r

18、ead the carpet!ever 修饰 the prettiest,完成时强化最高级gaze v.凝视；注视=stare at=foucs on=fix onin ones spare time 在某人的空闲时间用所给动词正确时态填空：用所给动词正确时态填空：1You should go to bed.you _ (watch) TV for 5 hours.2I (write) letters since breakfast.3I (write) 3 letters since breakfast.4Sorry, but Mr.Smith_ (leave) for Beijing.5I

19、 _(look) for him everywhere, where can he be?have been watching/have watched have been writing have been writing have written have written has left has left have been looking have been looking leaveleave是瞬间动词是瞬间动词Special difficulties Special difficulties P246P246形容词形容词修饰名词，做表语, 定语；副词副词修饰动词(walk quic

20、kly), 形容词(very beautiful), 副词本身(very much), 还可以修饰句子。大多数形容词加 “ly” 变为副词 : 如 beautifulbeautifully但是 : 不是所有的形容词都可以加ly(asleep) 不是所有的副词都一定以ly结尾(late) 不是所有的加ly的都是副词(lovely)有些词加了ly后, 反而意思会改变；有些词的形容词和副词同形late(adj, adv)迟 lately 近来(=recently)hard(adj, adv)努力地, 困难地 hardly几乎不high(adj, adv)高的,高度地 highly高度地 ,非常( 抽

21、象的)deep (adj, adv)深的 deeply 深度地 (抽象的)near(adj, adv)在旁边的 nearly几乎, 将近fast (adj, adv ) 快速的，迅速的 1.1.Where has the writer just moved to?Where has the writer just moved to?2.2. How long has he been working? How long has he been working?3.3. What has he been trying to do? What has he been trying to do?4.4.