初三一般将来时和过去将来时教法总结与技巧指导--

1、 语法教研成果系列三学科知识点：将来时教法总结与技巧点拨Part1知识点总结概括知识点1：一般将来时知识点总结：概念：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow, this （afternoon）,next （year）,one day, now, soon, someday, sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。 用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”用于所有人称。如：I will graduate from this school soon./ You

2、 will stay alone after I leave. “am/is/are going to动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情,或者主观判断即将要发生的事情,而“am/is/are to 动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。如：A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby. / Its going to rain soon. 表示一个人临时决定要做某事,可以用will表达。如：I will go to the lab to get some chemicals（化学药剂）. So please

3、wait until I return. 现在进行时、一般现在时也可以表示将来。（见相应时态） shall和will 在口语的一些疑问句中相当于情态动词。Shall一般与第一人称连用，will与第二人称连用。如：Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?/ Will you please open the door for me? “be to 动词原形”表示按照计划将要发生的事情。如：An angel came to tell her that she was to have this special boy.知识点2：过去将来时知识点总结：概念：过去将来时过

4、去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去将来时由“助动词should（第一人称）或would（第二、三人称）动词原形”构成。在美国英语中，过去将来时的助动词一律用“would 动词原形”。 过去将来时常由于宾语从句中，时间状语有：later, soon, the next （day）. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中不可以使用过去将来时，而应该使用一般过去时。如：He promised that he would pay me a lot if I helped him with the project. / Every time when he was free, he wo

5、uld sit down and read some books. 表示纯粹的将来时用would或should,表示打算或主观认为的事情用was/were going to （动词原形）。如：She told me she would be 18 the next month. / She told me that she was going to have a walk with her pet dog. 过去将来时还可以表示一个过去经常性的动作。如：When it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him.Part2 因材

6、施教一般将来时Step 1: 图片导入：通过展示图片提问的方式引出一般将来时的概念和构成。（一般将来时对于初三学生基本已经全部掌握，老师在讲解时主要以复习为主）T：How is the weather tomorrow?S: It will be fine.T：What will you do next Sunday?S: I will go to the cinema with my best friend.（要求学生在一般解题过程中注意构成：will + do，主语为第一人称时可以用shall + do；以及判断句子时态时需要抓住句中的时间状语如：tomorrow, next (year)

7、, one day, soon, someday, in the future等关键词即可）Step 2: 知识点补充给出例题，引导学生注意将来时的其他几种表达The bus is coming.（短暂性动词现在进行时表将来） If it rains tomorrow, I wont go to the library with you. （if/ as soon as/unless/ when/ notuntil/till等条件从句从句用一般现在时表将来） There is going be a concert in Beijing next week. （计划打算要做的事情，可以用be g

8、oing to 表将来，注意there be和have在此句型中的辨析） 过去将来时：Step 1: 知识点导入过去将来时在初中阶段主要在宾语从句中对学生进行考察，所以老师可以从宾语从句知识点入手，对于过去将来时进行讲解。例： T: Lucy says she _ _ (go) Beijing next week. Lucy said she _ _ (go) Beijing next week.（要求学生填空）填出答案分别为：will go和would go，老师点出过去完成时的构成为would + do表示过去打算或者预计将要发生的事情。T: Lucy says she _ _ _ (go

9、) Beijing next week. Lucy said she _ _ _ (go) Beijing next week.（要求学生填空）同样方法引出过去将来时的另一种构成：was/were going to do。注意：if/ as soon as/ when/ notuntil/till/unless等条件从句当主句为过去将来时，从句用一般过去时。最后给到学生相关联系进行知识点夯实。Part3 经典五题例1. the manager cant make the service better, the shop will soon lose all the customers. ( 徐

10、汇)A. When B. If C. Because D. Although解析： if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时从句用一般现在时表将来，本题可以通过翻译和主从句时态可以判断此处选择if。例2. Arthur, you will get toothache _ you clean your teeth regularly. ( 闵行)A. unless B. since C. if D. before解析：此处除了通过带入单词进行翻译处理，还可以通过主将从现的句子时态判断出选unless.例3. I wont believe the five-year-old boy can read

11、so many words _ I have tested him myself. （2012 杨浦）A. after B. when C. if D. until解析：此处考察notuntil 用法，句子运用了主将从现的时态，解题时注意运用翻译即可。例4. Jack will leave Los Angeles at the end of this month. （保持原句意思） Jack _ leave Los Angeles_ the end of this month. 解析：通过句子主将从现的时态以及句意（Jack到月末才会离开）判断出此处应该选择not.until.例5. I wo

12、nt go to the party unless Im invited. (保持句意不变) I _ go to the party _ Im invited. 解析：考察unless与not .until句型的相互转化，本题可以利用常考主将从现知识点的几个单词进行联想记忆，通过试错法得出答案。Part4 综合训练1. _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be解析： 将来时构成will+do（表示主观愿望）/ be going to +do（表示打算计划要

13、做的事），本句表达对自己将来的规划，故选B。2. I dont know if his uncle _. I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A will come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will come解析：考察if的用法，前句为if引导的宾语从句，用将来时。后句为跳转状语从句，主将从现，故选A。3. He will be back _a few minutes.A with B for C on D in解析：考察将来时，in+时间段用于将来时，故选D。4. What time

14、 _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A would B shall C do D are解析：时间状语tomorrow提示运用将来时，主语为第一人称选择B。5. He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish解析： as soon as引导的条件句主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，故选A。6. There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B wi

15、ll have C is going to be D are going to have解析： this afternoon提示运用将来时，根据句意得出本题考察即将发生的客观事实用be going to表将来，故选C。7. It _my mothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will be B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be解析：本题考察将来时，have主语为人，故选C。8. Li Ming is 1

16、0 years old now, next year he _11.A is B. be C will be D will to be解析：next year提示运用将来时，答案未C。9. There_ a basketball match this afternoon.A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have解析：考察there be句型和be going to将来时的用法，选A。10. Im going _school by bike tomorrow.A to will go B t

17、o go to C go to D to go解析：考察将来时表达，be going to + do，故选C。11. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，根据next day，选择过去将来时时D。12. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday par

18、ty on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，根据next Wednesday，选择过去将来时D。13. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，根据next year，选择过去将来时B。14. We were no

19、t sure whether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to growB. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，选择过去将来时B。15. She _ to work when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D.is to go解析：考察过去将来时的用法，表示电话响的时候她正准备去工作，答案C。16. -The plane is leaving

20、 right now, but Jim hasnt arrived yet.- Well, he said he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，选择过去将来时B。17. As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _.A was going to cry B cryed C began to cry D was crying解析：as soon as引导的条件状语从句，从句为过去时，主句用过去将来时，故选A。 18. Li M

21、ing said he _happy if Brian _ to China next month.A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，根据next mounth，选择过去将来时C。19. Jenny said she _her holiday in China.A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend解析：考察宾语从句，主句为过去时，从句也要用过去的某种形式，选择过去将来时B。

22、20. The radio says it _ the day after tomorrow. A. is going to snow B. is snowing C. will snow D. snows解析：考察宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，很据从句the day after tomorrow 提示用将来时，故选A。21. Add an ending to your story, and youll find it more attractive （2014一模静安67）You _ find your story less attractive _ you add an ending to

23、it. 解析：考察unless句型在将来时态句子中的运用，本题可以利用常考主将从现知识点的几个单词进行联想记忆，通过试错法得出答案。答案：will, unless。22. You will fail to buy the train ticket if you dont book it online early. （2014一模长宁66）You _ be able to buy the train ticket _ you book it online early.解析：考察unless句型在将来时态句子中的运用，本题可以利用常考主将从现知识点的几个单词进行联想记忆，通过试错法得出答案。答案：

24、wont, unless。23. Shanghai will hold the World EXPO in less than 400 days. (对划线部分提问) 浦东新区09年 _ _ will Shanghai hold the World EXPO successfully? 解析：本题考察in+一段时间在将来时态句子中的用法，用how soon 提问。24. We will graduate from junior school in two months. (对划线部分提问) 黄浦区09年_ _ will you graduate from junior school? 解析：本

25、题考察in+一段时间在将来时态句子中的用法，用how soon 提问。25.Alice will be a volunteer for the 2010 World Expo next month. (改为反意疑问句) 崇明县2010Alice will be a volunteer for the 2010 World Expo next month, ? 解析：本题考察将来时的反意疑问句，通过将句子变为一般疑问句，根据反意疑问句的转换原则，得出答案为 wont she。26. Could you tell me when we will hold our school sports meeting? (改为简单句) 浦东新区09年Could you tell me _ _ hold our school sports meeting?解析：考察将来时态的宾语从