施中考复习 专题五动词考点

1、鹏博教育 成就未来中考复习 专题五：动词考点讲解一、 动词的分类连系动词、助动词、情态动词和实义动词二、知识要点： 1. 连系动词连系动词也称为系动词，用于连接主语和表语，表示主语身份、性质、状态。连系动词有一定词义，但不完 整，不能单独做谓语，必须和表语连用，构成系表结构。例如：You are a teacher, but not a good one.We feel very happy when we know it. 英语经常用到的连系动词有：(1) 状态连系动词：表示主语的状态、性质、身份。常用的有be。My father is very strong. (2) 持续连系动词：表示继

2、续或保持一种状态或情况。常用的有：stay （保持），remain （保持），continue （继续）等。(3) 表象连系动词：用来表示“看起来”的这一概念的词。常见的有 appear（看起来），seem（看似），look（看起来）。Your mother looks much younger than I thought.。(4) 感官连系动词：常用的有feel（摸起来)，taste（尝起来)，smell（闻起来)，sound（听起来）look（看起来)。The milk tastes a little sour. (5) 转变或结果连系动词：become（变为)，get（成为)，grow

3、（长得)，turn（变得)，go（变得)等。Our village is becoming more and more beautiful. 中考演练( )  1 The stars _ very small because they're very far away from us. A. are B. look C. change D. become( )  2 The room _ cool in summer and'warm in winter. A. feels B. is felt C. feels to be D. is felt

4、to be( )  3 You don't look so_ as usual. Why not go to see a doctor? A. well B. betterC. badly D. worse( )  4 His temperature seems _. A. right B. all right C. well D. true( ) 5 The cake smells        . A. well B. badly C. good D. terribly2.助动词助动

5、词本身没有词意，或者意义不完全，不能单独作谓语，只能和别的动词一起在句子中作谓语，帮助动词构成各种时态、语态等及否定、疑问、强调等。主要的助动词有：be，do，have，shall，will等。例如：Will you have a sports meeting next week? Is your mother cooking？ Dont be late for class next time. 3. 情态动词情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词连用作谓语，表示说话人的语气和情感。主要的情态动词有：can，may，must，need，would，could，m

6、ight，dare等。使用情态动词要注意以下方面：(1) 含must的一般疑问句，肯定回答仍用must，否定回答则用neednt或dont have to，表示“不必”。一般不 能用mustnt，因为mustnt表示“不可以、禁止”，语气很强。例如：Must I finish my homework now? No, you neednt. (2) may开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may，否定回答用mustnt。例如：May I smoke here? No, you mustnt. (3) 表示可能性或推测时，can多用于否定句或疑问句，cannot表示“不可能”；may多用于陈述句，ma

7、y not表示“可能不”；must只用于肯定句，表示“一定、准是”。You may be right or may not be right. The news cant be true. She must be angry. (4) need用作情态动词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句，表示“需要”，也可以作实义动词，后跟名词、代词、不定式、动词-ing形式等。need开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must。You neednt come if you are busy.（情态动词）Need I come tomorrow? No, you neednt. / Yes, you must.（情态

8、动词）He needs to get some sleep.（实义动词）(5) used to 表示“过去常常”，现在并不如此了。常与过去的时间状语连用，否定形式是usent to 或dont use to。一般疑问句将used提前或用“Did use to ?”We used to go there every year. (6) have to的意思接近must，但是must强调说话者的主观意愿。have to强调客观上的必要性，常译成“不得不“。have to可以用于多种时态，其疑问句、否定句都要借助do构成。Do you have to leave now?You dont have

9、to get up early. (7) be able to表示具体的能力，与can用法相近，can只有一般现在时和一般过去时，be able to 可用更多的时态。was / were able to侧重又能力而且成功地做成了某事，而could只表示过去具备某种能力。The maths problem was hard but I was able to work it out. 这道数学题很难，但我做出来了。4、实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其句法作用可分为及物动词和不及物动词。1.及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。(1) 动词 + 宾语I like

10、 this story very much. (2) 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补We call the boy Jim.注意：带省略to 的不定式或现在分词做宾补的动词有：make，let，have，see，watch，notice，hear等。 (3) 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语Please pass me the book.常见带双宾语的动词有：give，bring， buy， get，leave，lend，make，offer，pass，teach，tell，write，read，return等。2.不及物动词（1）不及物动词自身意思完整,无需接宾语。I run fast. (1)

11、有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。We study English. We study hard. (2) 有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词，要注意积累。 动词 + 介词Listen to the teacher carefully. 此类动词后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间。动词 + 副词He turned off the light when he left. He picked it up and gave it to me. 注意：代词作宾语时必须放在动词后，副词前，当宾语是名词时，放在副词的前后均

12、可。 动词 + 副词 + 介词Lets go on with our work. He gets along well with his classmates. 注意：其后的宾语只能放在介词的后面。 动词 + 名词 + 介词Please pay attention to the phrases in the article.We can make good use of air. be + 形容词 + 介词We are good at swimming. She is satisfied with what I did. 3. 延续性和非延续性动词(1) 延续性动词表示动作是可以持续的,可以和

13、表示一段时间的状语连用。如：live, study, work, keep, teach 等。We have lived in Suzhou since 2001. You can keep this book for two weeks. (2) 非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一经发生立即结束，如：buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, go, come, catch等，非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如果和表示一段时间的状语连用，就要用其他的词代替。The old man has been dead f

14、or two years. （这里不能用has died）The film has been on for ten minutes. 这里不能用has begun三、容易混淆的常用动词的辨析(1) say, speak, talk, tell的用法。sayHe said he would go there.It's time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you.speakDo you speak English?May I speak to Mr Pope, please?talkWhat are you talking about?Mr J

15、ackson is talking with my father in the office now.tell She told us an interesting story yesterday. (2) look, see, watch和watch的用法。1) lookLook! The girl is swimming in the lake.Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual?2) seeDoes Lily often go to see a film on Sunday?3) watch He w

16、ill go to watch a volleyball match.4） readI like to read newspapers when I am free.(3) borrow, lend和keep的区别。1) borrowMeimei borrowed a book from the library just now.2) lendUncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li.3) keepHow long can the recorder be kept? (4) bring, take, carry 和get的用法。1) bringBring me

17、the book, please.2) takeIt looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you.3) carry Do you always carry a handbag?4) get Please go to my office to get some chalk. (5) wear, put on和dress的区别1) wearTom always wears black shoes.2) put onHe put on his hat and went out of the room.3) dressShe always dresses wel

18、l.Mary is dressing her child.(6) take, spend 和use的用法。1) takeIt took me three days to finish the work.It takes only one hour to fly to Shanghai.2) spendHe didn't spend much time on his lessons.He spent much time (in) correcting students' exercises.3) use Do you know how to use the computer? (

19、7)reach, get 和arrive的区别。1) reachAfter the train had left, they reached the station2) getWhen the students got to the cinema, the film had begun.My sister was cooking when mother got home.3) arriveThe soldiers arrived at a small villageThe foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow四、动词的形式做题技巧 确定正确的时

20、态 1.根据时间状语确定时态.时间状语与时态有着密切的关系.a. I _ (write) now. b. I _(lose) my pen yesterday.c. We _ (study) English for two years. 2.根据上下文来确定时态 有些句子没有明显的时间状语,又不能用时态呼应规则来对照,这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定正确时态. A.Where are the twins? B.They _ (go) to visit Uncle Wang. 3.根据主从句的关系来确定时态. *e,go,leave 等趋向性动词的进行时可用来表示即将发生的动作.*2

21、.永恒的真理和客观存在的状态用一般现在时.*3.祈使句中,或在情态动词,助动词后,谓语动词用原形Don't _ (read)in the sun , will you? You'd better _ (stay)at home since it's raining outside. 注意所填动词的语态 Today both basketball and volleyball _(play) in many countries. 4.根据语言习惯来确定时态 确定动词的形式 1. be busy,what about等后用动词的-ing 形式. 2.在介词后一般应用动词的-

22、ing 形式. 3.在 keep,enjoy,finish,mind 等动词后采用动词的-ing 形式. 4.在动词 decide,hope,wish,hate 等动词后应用动词不定式作宾语,而在ask, tell,want,teach 之后则用动词不定式的复合结构,即 “ask sb. to do sth.”的形式 5.在see,hear,watch,make,let等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式应省略动词不定式符号“ to”, 但在被动句中, 应添上"to". 6.在 Its time(for sb.)to do sth. It's kind/nice/good

23、 of sb. to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 的句型中, 动词不定式短语作句子真正的主语. 7.疑问代词/副词 (why 除外) + to do sth. 结构,可在句中作主语, 表语和宾语. 练习题 1.The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from (blow) the earth away. 2.Mr Smith kept on (ask) the players to remember-TEAMWORK 3.Alice didn't hear what the teacher s

24、aid just now,so she doesn't know how (do) the problem. 4.The policeman asked the old granny to put down her heavy box and let him (carry) it for her. 5.用help,happen,listen,have,ask,be,plant,miss,leave,look的适当形式填空:(1).WangHai is a good comrade.He always does his best _others.(2).Dig the hole big

25、enough,or the trees cant _well .(3).It's time for class.Let's stop to the teacher.(4).Her face turned red when she _ to sing a song for all of us.(5).She is older than Mary but much younger.(6).-I can't find my keys.-Maybe you _ them at home.(7).We waited in the next room while they _a m

26、eeting.(8).Hurry up.You _the train if you don't. 课后作业1. Mr Smiths plane _ . Lets wait for him here . A. hasnt arrived B. didnt arrive C. doesnt arrive D. couldnt arrive 2. Almost all the water _ gone . Please save water ! A. are B. is C. have D. were 3. Look ! There is a tall tree over there . C

27、an you _ , Dave ? Yes , let me have a try . A. fall off it B. send up C. come down it D. climb up it 4. Mr Li is out . But he _ here ten minutes ago. A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 5. Look ! The bus is coming . But its full of people . We cant _ it . A. get off B. get down C. get on with D. get

28、 on 6. Its six oclock now . Its time _ . A. get up B. got up C. to get up D. getting up 7. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai . A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy 8. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began . A. is B. was C. are D. were 9. The flowers

29、start to _ in spring . A. come in B. come out C. come form D. come to 10. Excuse me . May I _ you to pass me the sugar ? A. keep B. make C. let D. trouble 11. Who jumps the farthest in your school ? Henry _ . A. does B. jumps C. has D. is 12. You were on the farm yesterday , _ you ? A. didnt B. dont

30、 C. arent D. werent 13. The girl enjoys _ to the radio very much . A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 14. Mr King _ in Beijing since 1980 . He teaches English in a middle school . A. lives B. is living C. lived D. has lived 15. How long may I _ the library book , please ? A. lend B. kee

31、p C. borrow D. return 16. Where is Tom ? He hasnt come to school today . I think he _ be ill . A. has to B. should C. may D. need 17. Lets _ a talk about learning Chinese . A. had B. having C. to have D. have 18. There _ some milk in the glass . A. is B. are C. have D. has 19. Li Ping studied hard ,

32、 _ he ? A. was B. did C. wasnt D. didnt 20. The bag is light . Wang Ping can _ it by herself . A. find B. watch C. carry D. learn 21. I want to be a doctor when I _ . A. grow up B. talk about C. agree with D. get up 22. Its very hot here . Youd better _ your coat . A. put on B. get on C. take off D.

33、 put in 23. Both Kate and I _ ready for the picnic now . A. is not B. is getting C. are getting D. am getting 24. He _ the bus and found a seat next to the window . A. gets on B. got on C. gets off D. got off 25. Please write to me as soon as you _ Shanghai . A. arrive B. reach C. got to D. come 26.

34、 I _ a letter from him since he left . A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard 27. Remember to _ the lights after school . A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on 28. _ I visit Lucy on Sunday , Mum ? Yes , you _ . A. Must ; can B. May ; may C. Need ; need D. May ; need 29

35、. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week . A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give 30. Do you think _ an English film tomorrow night ? A. is there B. there is going to have C. there is going to be D. will there be 31. He wasnt feeling well . He had to _ . A. sto

36、ps working B. stop working C. stops to work D. stop to work 32. The twins _ from Canada . A. are B. is C. am D. be 33. Excuse me . Where is the zoo ? Sorry , I dont know . Ask that policeman . He _ know . A. shall B. may C. need D. would 34. Mother told me _ some clothes last night . A. wash B. to w

37、ash C. washed D. washing 35. Miss Gao isnt here . She _ to the station to meet Mr. Brown . A. went B. has gone C. has been D. would go 36. I will tell you how to get to the place ; youd better _ it _ . A. try ; on B. get ; off C. take ; down D. pick ; up 37. You can _ what is happening on the other

38、side of the world by telephone . A. see B. make C, hear D. learn 38. Germany and Great Britain are _ countries , but China and India are _ ones . A. developing ; developed B. developed ; to develop C. developed ; developing D. to develop ; developing 39. This key _ for locking the door . A. is used

39、B. used C. use D. are used 40. Must I finish my homework now ? No , you _ . You _ do it this evening . A. mustnt ; can B. neednt ; may C. cant ; must D. neednt ; must 41. The doctor _ the old man carefully and found something wrong with him . A. looked at B. looked up C. looked over D. looked for 42

40、. The greedy inn-keeper once made the poor heroine _ twice a day . A. dance B. dances C. danced D. to dance 43. The VIPs (Very Important Persons ) from 21 countries will _ the APEC in Shanghai this autumn . A. hold B. take part in C. join D. attend 44. The government will _ some new colleges for mor

41、e students to receive higher education . A. set up B. set out C. put down D. put on 45. Computers _ process difficult problems very , very quickly . A. must B. need C. should D. can 46. Excuse me . Will you please tell me the way to the railway station ? Oh , sorry ,but I dont know . You _ go and as

42、k that policeman . A. may B. must C. would D. should 47. Do you still remember _ me somewhere in Beijing ? Yes , of course . Two years ago . A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw 48. If you have got something to ask your teacher in class , youd better _ . A. stay on your feet B. stay away from school C.

43、 stay on for a bit D. stay out so late 49. When the headmaster came into the hall , all the students _ to welcome him . A. sat down B. went out C. stood up D. turned back 50. People now can know what is happening in the world quickly . Youre right . With the help of computers , news can _ every corn

44、er of the would . A. get B. arrive C. return D. reach 51. Its a lovely day , _ it ? Yes . Lets go out for a walk . A. doesnt B. havent C. arent D. isnt* 52. We can use MSN to _ with each other on the net . Really ? Will you show me how to use it ? A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell 53. What does the se

45、ntence “Dont trouble trouble till trouble _ you .” mean ? Sorry , I have to idea . A. trouble B. troubles C. troubled D. will trouble 54. _ your sweater _ , please . OK , but there is no room is this clothes bag . A. Put ; up B. Put ; down C. Put ; away D. Put ; on 55. I have bought an English-Chine

46、se dictionary . When and where _ you _ it ? A. do ; buy B. did ; buy C. have ; bought D. will ; buy 56. Lets have a test , shall we ? Not now . I dont want to stop _ yet . A. work B. to work C. works D. working 57. What a nice garden ! It _ every day . A. is cleaning B. has cleaned C. must clean D.

47、is cleaned 58. Did you work out the problem , Tom ? Yes , of course . I _ to the teachers . A. have just been B. have just got C. have just come D. have just gone 59. Please wait for me here . Ill come back soon . All right . Well _ the library till you come back . A. leave B. reach C. stay at D. wa

48、it for 60. Will you please go swimming with me ? Of course . Ill _ . A. glad to B. want C. want to D. be glad to 61. _ do you _ about spring ? The flowers and the green trees . A. How ; like B. How ; think C. What ; think D. What ; like 62. This book _ Lucys . Look ! Her name is on the book cover .

49、A. must be B. may be C. cant be D. mustnt be 63. I hear your father _ to Japan once . Yes . He _ there last year . A. went ; has been B. has been ; went C. goes ; went D. has been ; has been 64. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow . Yes . But if it _ , well visit the museum instead . A. you ha

50、ve ; will rain B. you will have ; will rain C. you will have ; rains D. will you have ; rains 65. Their telephone number is 7035707 . Have you _ ? A. written it down B. written down it C. written them down D. written down them 66. Im sorry I _ my homework at home . Thats all right . Dont forget _ it to school this afternoon . A. forget ; take B. forget ; to bring C. left ; to take D. left ; to bring 67. We usually have six lessons