美国总统竞选

1、The U.S Presidential Election美国总统竞选Outline: : Introduction （说明） (the tradition of election and the qualification of being a president) （选举传统及作为总统的资格） : The process of the election（选举过程） : Comment（注释）The tradition of election： Americans elect their president through a combination of custom, state law

2、, and constitutional requirement such as the Electoral College as specified in Article , Sections 2 and 4 and Amendment 12. furthermore, Article , Section 5 plus Amendments 20 and 23 of the united States Constitution pertain to election of the president. 美国公民根据惯例、国家法律和宪法的要求，如选举团规定中的第二条第二及第四款以及修正案12，

3、选举总统。此外，美国宪法第二条中第五款修正案20及23也涉及到总统选举。The qualification of being a president A president must be at least 35year old 总统必须至少35岁 A natural born citizen 出生时为美国公民 A resident of the United States at least 14 years 居住合众国境内至少十四年 The president is elected for a four year term, and any individual is limited ser

4、ving two consecutive terms as president. 总统任期四年，且任何人只能连任两届总统 (exception: Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected to four consecutive terms)例外：富兰克林罗斯福当选了四届The process of the election：lThe first stage: Nomination of candidatesl第一阶段：候选人提名 lThe second stage: The campaigningl第二阶段：竞选 lThe third stage: Appoi

5、ntment of electors the electoral collegel第三阶段：选举人团委任选举人lThe fourth stage: Electors casting votesl第四阶段：选民投票 2012总统竞选日程The first stage: The major parties hold conventions (national party conventions held in late July or August) to choose candidates for President and Vice President and to determine the

6、 parties platforms. 政党举行大会（党的全国会议在七月下旬或八月举行） 选择总统和副总统候选人并且确定政党纲领The second stage: Once the presidential candidates of the major parties are selected, the general election comes to the second stage, the campaigning stage.一旦主要政党的总统候选人选举完毕，一般竞选就进入第二阶段：竞选阶段。 to travel all over the country, making countl

7、ess speeches and debate with the other partys presidential candidate on TV到全国各地做无数演讲，并在电视上与其他政党总统候选人做辩论。 to make use of the other candidates disadvantages利用其它候选人的弱点 to collect information about the campaign plan of the other partys candidate收集其它政党候选人的活动计划The third stage:Appointment of electors: Elec

8、tion Day. The United States Constitution provides that each state “shall appoint” elector (who make up the Electoral College) for President and Vice President in the manner directed by its state legislature, on the day which may be the “Tuesday next after the first Monday in November” each fourth ye

9、ar.委任选举人：选举日。美国宪法规定各州应通过由州议会指定的方式指定总统及副总统的选举人（组成选举团的人），这一天可能是每四年的“十一月第一个星期一之后的下个星期二”。 The third stage:Though on Election Day, voters cast their voters to presidential candidates, what they actually choose are presidential electors. The popular votes will determine which party will make up the Electo

10、ral College.通过选举日，选民将票投给总统选举人，事实上就相当于选择了总统竞选者。主流选票将决定选举团由哪一政党组成。The fourth stage:Although the results is already known, the elector still meet in their state capitals and cast their votes for President and Vice President on the 1st Mon. after the 2nd Wed. in Dec. they vote very strictly. The Democra

11、tic electors vote for the Democratic presidential candidates and the Republican ones. When the new congress assembled on Jan.6, the electoral votes are formally counted in a joint session of the two houses and the President of the Senate announces the “state of vote”. Then the fourth stage comes to its end.尽管结果已知，选举人仍然根据程序和时间进行严格的投票。民主党和共和党选举人分别投票给各自候选人。在一月六日，新的国会集合，选举人的选票在两院的联席会议正式统计并由参议院议长宣布“投票”的状态。然后第四阶段结束。 Comment: American presidential election is a national activity. The Constitution gives every American the right to vote as long as he or she reaches the age of eighteen. There