What Youngsters Expect In Life

1、Autonomous Learning What Youngsters Expect in LifeDirections:When you read the text , scan it for clues that help you identify the writers purpose. Use the questions below to guide your scanning, then decide: Is the text informational, persuasive or meant mainly to entertain? Or does the writer have

2、 more than one purpose?当你阅读课文时，当你阅读课文时，快速扫描它的线快速扫描它的线索能帮助你识别索能帮助你识别作者的目的。用作者的目的。用下面的这些问题下面的这些问题来指导你扫描线来指导你扫描线索，然后再决定：索，然后再决定：文章主要是用来文章主要是用来提供信息，劝服提供信息，劝服读者还是主要用读者还是主要用来娱乐？或者作来娱乐？或者作者是否有一个以者是否有一个以上的目的？上的目的？Scan the text,then answer following questions.1. What does the title tell us about the content

3、of the text? Key: From the title of the text we can see that this article is about what young people can expect in the future. 2. What numbers do you see in the text? Are they dates, statistics or something else? Key: They are mostly dates, years and statistics. 3. What quotes do you read in the tex

4、t?Key: There are several quotes, either direct or indirect, in the text. One quote is from Alfred North Whitehead, and other quotes are mostly from people in the different surveys. 4. How would you describe the language of this article? Is it formal or informal?Key: The language of this article is m

5、ostly formal. It contains some technical terms.Scan the text,then answer following questions.5. Is this article informational, persuasive or meant to entertain? Explain.Key: This article is mainly informational. It contains some features typical of a piece of informational writing: many dates and st

6、atistics, some quotes, formal language, and simple and straightforward sentence structures.Scan the text,then answer following questions.Think carefully and then judge.Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. 1. In the 1950s and 1960s, there was a stea

7、dy growth in the US economy. 2. In the good old days, most people chose to have a nice comfortable career in a salaried job.3. It has now become impossible for most Americans to hold a long-term salaried job.4. All American young men know what they are going to do in the future. 正误正误判断判断(T)(F)(T)(F)

8、Refer to Para. 1 Refer to Para. 1 Refer to Para. 1 Refer to Para. 4 Think carefully and then judge.5. Young Americans who cant find a position in society feel angry about their future.6. According to the text, this is a pregnant moment only for major industrial economies.7. Now we are at a moment in

9、 history when no great changes take place in our lives. 8. People have got used to being without a job and to getting lower pay, so they will not feel more and more anxious as they read periodicals about the economy.正误正误判断判断(T)(F)(F)(F)Refer to Para. 5 Refer to Para. 6 Refer to Para. 6 Refer to Para

10、. 6 Structure of the TextPart IIPart IIIPart IPart I (Para.1) Peoples choice in life.Part II (Para.2-4) Young peoples expectations in life.Part III (Para. 5-7) Young people tend to be destructive forces of resistance in society and the society might take backward steps.: n. the process of increasing

11、 in size 扩大；扩张；扩大；扩张；膨胀膨胀 单单 词词新工厂很大，还有扩展的空间。新工厂很大，还有扩展的空间。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2向新的研究领域拓展或许是可能的。向新的研究领域拓展或许是可能的。play (it) safe: carefully avoid risks 稳扎稳打，小心行事稳扎稳打，小心行事公共汽车可能会早到，所以为了保险起见我们最好现在就动身。公共汽车可能会早到，所以为了保险起见我们最好现在就动身。The bus might be early, so wed better play safe and leave now. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2为

12、了谨慎起见，我们还是再多安排为了谨慎起见，我们还是再多安排10分钟吧。分钟吧。Lets allow an extra ten minutes, just to play it safe. No wonder (从句从句): it is not surprising 难怪难怪难怪她拒绝和你合作。难怪她拒绝和你合作。No wonder she refused to cooperate with you. 句句 型型 举例举例 1 举例举例 2难怪她如此地爱他。难怪她如此地爱他。No wonder shes got a thing about him. a. not satisfied and no

13、 longer loyal to sb. 不满不满的；不忠的的；不忠的 单单 词词年轻人总是对社会不满。年轻人总是对社会不满。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2由于他对你的工作不满，所以给你由于他对你的工作不满，所以给你拉长了脸拉长了脸。be motivated to do sth.: be very keen to do sth. 有动力做某有动力做某事事杰克杰克想做的与其主业无关。想做的与其主业无关。What Jack is motivated to do has no bearing on his major business. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2他们这样做是出于想帮助人的

14、愿望。他们这样做是出于想帮助人的愿望。They are motivated by a desire to help people. in particular: especially 特别是特别是那是一场很好的音乐会，我特别喜欢第一首歌曲。那是一场很好的音乐会，我特别喜欢第一首歌曲。It was a good concertI enjoyed the first song in particular. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2我特地注意了一下她的眼睛，因为她的眼睛很有神。我特地注意了一下她的眼睛，因为她的眼睛很有神。I noticed her eyes in particular

15、, because they were rather bright and piercing.n. 1. (s) chance of success 前程，前程， 前途前途 2. the possibility that sth. will happen 可能性可能性词词根根 “spect”，意思为意思为“看见看见”spectacle n. 景象景象spectacular a. 壮观的壮观的 spectator n. 旁观旁观者者circumspect a. 慎重的慎重的 inspect v. 检查检查 prospective a. 预期的预期的 respect v. 尊敬尊敬 retrosp

16、ect v. 回顾回顾 suspect v. 怀疑怀疑 单单 词词 构构 词词汽车工业前途看好。汽车工业前途看好。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2天黑前找到落难的孩子应该是可能的。天黑前找到落难的孩子应该是可能的。in short: in a few words; briefly 总之；简言之总之；简言之财政情况糟透了：一句话，我们没钱了。财政情况糟透了：一句话，我们没钱了。Things couldnt be worse, financially: in short, we have no money. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2他办事没有条理，没有效率，当你需要他时总找不到他他办事没

17、有条理，没有效率，当你需要他时总找不到他一句一句话，这个人没治了。话，这个人没治了。Hes disorganized, hes inefficient, hes never there when you want himin short, the man is hopeless. a. 1. of the home, house or family 家的；家庭的家的；家庭的 2. of or inside a particular country 国内的；本国的国内的；本国的 单单 词词家庭纠纷使得他几乎无暇顾及学业。家庭纠纷使得他几乎无暇顾及学业。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2他的新车是国产的

18、。他的新车是国产的。 by comparison: when compared 相比之下相比之下伦敦最高的建筑与纽约的相比就相形见绌了。伦敦最高的建筑与纽约的相比就相形见绌了。The tallest buildings in London are small by comparison with those in New York. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2和军队生活相比，学校生活是舒适的。和军队生活相比，学校生活是舒适的。The life at school seems comfortable by comparison with that in the army. a lar

19、ge proportion of: a large part of a whole 大部分大部分这个国家的大部分地方是沙漠。这个国家的大部分地方是沙漠。A large proportion of the country is desert. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2进出口的比例令政府担忧。进出口的比例令政府担忧。The proportion of imports to exports is worrying the government. a. having a useful and helpful purpose 建设性建设性的的 单单 词词她对我的作品进行了建设性的评论她对我

20、的作品进行了建设性的评论我从她那学到了很多东西。我从她那学到了很多东西。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2如果你说不出什么建设性的话，我看你还是别说。如果你说不出什么建设性的话，我看你还是别说。123建设性建议建设性建议积极的态度积极的态度建设性批评建设性批评a constructive attitudea very constructive suggestionconstructive criticism词根struct-/stru-，意思为“建造”01structure n.结构，构造02destruction n.破坏,炸毁03substructure n.基础工程04superstructu

21、re n.上层建筑05construction n.建筑，构成06reconstruction n.重建，再建07instruct v.命令，教授，指导08obstruct v.阻隔，妨碍，堵塞 n. 1. a mental image of sth., often including ones goal or dream 想想 象；构想象；构想 2. power of seeing; sight 视力；视觉视力；视觉小时候，小时候， 我曾想像自己是个王子。我曾想像自己是个王子。 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2人们戴眼镜以改善视力。人们戴眼镜以改善视力。associate with:

22、have or make a connection with sb. or sth. 与与/ /把把相关联相关联人们通常是不会把他和那位作者联系在一起人们通常是不会把他和那位作者联系在一起的的他们的风格迥然不同。他们的风格迥然不同。You wouldnt normally associate him with that writertheir styles are completely different. 短短 语语 举例举例 1 举例举例 2我可不想让自己与任何政治言论有什么联系。我可不想让自己与任何政治言论有什么联系。Id rather not associate myself with

23、 any political statements. 一般老百姓赞同政府的决定吗？一般老百姓赞同政府的决定吗？Do people at large approve of the governments decision? 基础教育是重要问题，需要整个社会来讨论。基础教育是重要问题，需要整个社会来讨论。Elementary education is an important issue that needs to be discussed by society at large.at large: as a whole; in general 全部；大多数；自由的全部；大多数；自由的 短短 语语

24、 举例举例 1 举例举例 2黑夜让人有点害怕。黑夜让人有点害怕。我喜欢读这本书，因为它既吓人又有趣。我喜欢读这本书，因为它既吓人又有趣。 a. causing fear 吓人的；可怕的吓人的；可怕的 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2医学检查显示婴儿的心率不齐。医学检查显示婴儿的心率不齐。他无休止的抱怨说来说去全是同一码事。他无休止的抱怨说来说去全是同一码事。 n. sth. that is slightly different from similar things 变异；变化的东西变异；变化的东西 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2 n. a description of what

25、 is likely to happen in the future 预言；预测；预言；预测； 预报预报 vt. predict what will happen in the future 预言；预测；预报预言；预测；预报前缀前缀fore-, 意思为意思为“在在之前之前”forearm n. 前臂前臂 forefather n. 祖先祖先forefinger n. 食指食指 foregoing a. 前述的前述的 foreground n. 前景前景 forehead n. 前额前额 foreman n. 工头工头 foremost a. 首要的首要的forewarn v. 预先警告预先警告

26、 foreword n. 前言前言 单单 词词 构构 词词根据天气预报，明天是晴天。根据天气预报，明天是晴天。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2据预测今年石油价格增长将低于据预测今年石油价格增长将低于2%2%。 对这场比赛的任何预测都为时尚早。对这场比赛的任何预测都为时尚早。 n. a statement about what sth. will be in the future 推断；预测推断；预测词根词根 -ject，意思为，意思为“投；掷投；掷”deject v. 使沮丧使沮丧 eject v. 喷出喷出 inject v. 注射；投入注射；投入 object n. / v. 物体；反对物体；

27、反对 reject v. 拒绝；拒绝；驳回驳回 subject v. / n. / adj. 使服从；科目；从属的使服从；科目；从属的 单单 词词 构构 词词 举举 例例 他在一个阴沉的冬日来看我。他在一个阴沉的冬日来看我。你发什么愁？打起精神来！你发什么愁？打起精神来！a. 1. making people feel that things are not going well 无望的；令无望的；令 人沮丧的人沮丧的 2. dark 昏暗的；阴暗的昏暗的；阴暗的 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2: a. more important, noticeable, etc. than any

28、thing else of the same type 占统治地位的；支配的占统治地位的；支配的对她一生影响最大的是她父亲。对她一生影响最大的是她父亲。 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2这是一个长期在该地区居军事主导地位的国家。这是一个长期在该地区居军事主导地位的国家。n. (usu. pl.) the things that sb. owns and can be sold to pay debts 财产；资产财产；资产他的财产包括公司的股份和在伦敦的一所房子。他的财产包括公司的股份和在伦敦的一所房子。 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2健康的身体是一笔极大的财富。健康的身体是一笔

29、极大的财富。grind to a halt: come to a stop gradually 逐渐停止逐渐停止罢工使工业生产逐渐停顿下来。罢工使工业生产逐渐停顿下来。 举例举例 1 举例举例 2如果我们不尽快采取措施，整个戏剧行业将会出现萧条。如果我们不尽快采取措施，整个戏剧行业将会出现萧条。 短短 语语 n. get rid of sth. that is unwanted 消除；根除消除；根除养成健康的饮食习惯有助于根除心脏病。养成健康的饮食习惯有助于根除心脏病。 单单 词词 举例举例 1 举例举例 2我队在第一轮比赛中就被淘汰。我队在第一轮比赛中就被淘汰。Vocabulary:moti

30、vateeliminateconstructprospectpreference equalitycomparisonabsenceindustrialdisplayproportionimplicittraditional relativecivildisplayedimplicitproportionmotivatedeliminateVocabulary:motivateeliminateconstructprospectpreference equalitycomparisonabsenceindustrialdisplayproportionimplicittraditional c

31、ivilprospectconstructedcivilpreferenceabsenceLike the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.Read a poem, imitate another one.Identifying the Writers Purpose People write for a purpose. Three common purposes of writing are: 1. to informto

32、provide readers with information about a topic; 2. to persuadeto convince readers to believe a certain viewpoint or to take a certain course of action; and 3. to entertainto amuse readers in some way, though very often theres some food for thought as well. Reading effectively means recognizing the w

33、riters purposes, which may not always be as easy as it appears, especially when we are reading in a foreign language. Writers sometimes disguise their aims: A text that appears to be factual information may really be full of emotional appeals meant topersuade us into accepting the writers point of view; or an apparently serious piece of persuasion may in fact be a humorous text intended mainly to amuse you. There are also times when the question of whether a writer is serious depends largely on each readers individual philosophy.