高二英语下(Unit6.Problemsandsolutions基础知识梳理)

1、教师辅导讲义辅导科目：英语年 级：高二课时数：3课题Unit 6. Problems and solutions 基础知识梳理教学目标1.使学生能够基本掌握unit1中的基础词汇及其拓展用法；2.帮助学生梳理课文中的一些重点句型，并且会做一些基础的单选题。教学内容Stepl: Greetings & Free talkIs there something interesting or important this week?Step2: Homework checking & RevisionStep3:知识梳理I. Key Words重点单词1. cosmetics n. usually p

2、l.化妆品e. g. Lipstick and hair conditioner are cosmetics. 口红和护发素者B是化妆品。2. persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的e. g. The argument he presented was so persuasive that the manager agreed to reconsider his proposal.他的理由很有说服力，所以经理同意重新考虑他的提议。【知识拓展】persuadev.说服，劝说【常用搭配】persuade sb to do stht服某人做某事persuade sb into doin

3、g sth说服某人做某事persuade sb out of sth/doing sth 劝阻某人不要（做）e. g. She persuaded me to take part in the English competition.=She persuaded me into taking part in the English competition. 她说服我参力口英语竞赛。We persuaded him out of his foolish plan.我们劝说他放弃了那个愚蠢的计划。3. advertisingn.做广告；广告业e. g. Cigarette advertising

4、should be banned.应该禁止香烟的广告业务。4. campaign n.运动e. g. There is a campaign against smoking in the city.该市正在进行场禁烟运动。The old ladys son died in a campaign during the World War n .老太太的儿子在第二次世界大战的一场战争中丧身。【知识拓展】v.参加运动e. g. She spent her whole life campaigning for womens rights. 她毕生致力于女权运动。5. anti -ageing adj.

5、抗衰老的e. g. I wonder whether these anti -ageing cosmetics are really effective.我想知道这些抗衰老的化妆品是否真的有效。Our website provides ladies with many practical anti -ageing strategies.我们的网站为女士们提供很多实用的抗衰老策略。【知识拓展】前缀anti-表示反对、排斥如：anti- spam反垃圾邮件anti-hacker反电脑黑客6. present v.赠送；呈现；弓I见e. g. The old couple presented a b

6、ig sum of money to the school where they had studied.这对老夫妇向他们求学过的学校赠送了一大笔钱。You should have presented your essay last week.你上周就该把论文交上来了。Please allow me to present my new friend to you, Tom.汤姆， 请允许我向你介绍我的新朋友。【知识拓展】（l）adj./present/出席，在场（可作表语或后置定语）；现存的，当前的（只可作前置定语）e. g. I hope you will be present at my

7、wedding ceremony the day after tomorrow. 我希望你后天能来参力口我的结婚典礼。 Obviously, most people present were against the plan.显然，在场的大多数人反对这项计划。Most students are quite satisfied with the present teaching method applied by the new teacher.大多数学生都对这个新老师现用的教学方法很满意。（2）n./ present/礼物Christmas/birthday present 圣诞/生日礼物7.

8、 packaging n.包装材料e. g. The packaging for the product was very difficult to open. 这个产品的包装很难打开。8. double v.（使）加倍；是的两倍e. g. This year, the sales of the product are double what they were last year.该产品今年的销售额是去年的两倍。The birth rate in that area has doubled.那个地区的婴儿出生率已经增加了一倍。【知识拓展】n.两倍e. g. The production of

9、 this year is the double of that of last year. 今年的产量是去年的两倍。9. poisonv.使中毒；毒害e. g. The cow drank the water and was poisoned.奶牛喝了 水后中毒了。【知识拓展】poisonn.毒药，毒物e. g. Some mushrooms contain deadly poisons.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。10. blind v.使失明e. g. The man was blinded in the explosion.那名男子在爆炸中双目失明。【知识拓展】blind adj.瞎的；盲的

10、e. g. When he was released from the jail, the strong light nearly blinded him.当他被释放出监狱的时候，强烈的光线几乎使他什么都看不见了。He became blind after a serious car accident.在一次严重车祸后，他的双目失明了。11. force -feedv.强迫进食e. g. The sick animal refused to eat, and had to be force-fed.那只有病的动物不肯进食，人们只好给它强制喂食。12. injectionn.注射e. g. Th

11、e morphine was administered by injection 那吗啡是注射进去的。13. drip v.滴入e. g. The machine dripped water and fertilizer onto the plants .那台机器把水和肥料滴到植物上。14. amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的e. g. I find it amazing that you cant swim.你不会游泳可使我大吃惊。15. unconventional adj.often approving不因循守旧的；新奇的e. g. She leads an unconven

12、tional way of life.她的生活方式很新潮。16. principle n.规则e. g. Discussing all these details will get us nowhere; we must get back to first principle.讨论这些枝节问题是毫无用处的，我们必须回到基本原则上来。17. prosper v.繁荣；兴旺e. g. Due to his diligence and intelligence, his business soon prospered.由于他勤奋又聪明，他的生意很快就兴隆起来了。 The little company

13、 prospered through good management.由于管理有方，这家小公司兴旺发达。18. revolution v.改革e. g. Computers have revolutionized many aspects of modern life.计算机的运用彻底改变了现代生活的方方面面。19. limitationn.局限；缺陷e. g. He knows his limitations.他知道身体能力有限。I know my limitations I cant do what you asked.我不能做你请求我做的事， 因为我知道自己的不足之处。20. recyc

14、lev.回收利用；再利用e. g. Every week, a lorry came by to pick up old magazines and newspapers to be recycled.每个星期都有一辆货车来运走那些将被回收利用的旧杂志和废报纸。21. refill v.再装满（或灌满）e. g. The man asked the waiter to refill his glass.那个人又一次让服务员把自己的杯子倒满。22. unique adj.独一无二的；独特的e. g. Every snowflake is unique - no two are the same.

15、每一瓣雪花都是独一无二的没有两片相同的雪花。23. remarkably adv.不寻常地；突出地e. g. Remarkably, no one was killed in that terrible storm.令人称奇的是，那场可怕的风暴中没有人死亡。【知识拓展】remarkableadj.不寻常的；出类拔萃的e. g. His remarkable achievements in science has brought him great honour.他在科学上的杰出成就给他带来了巨大荣誉。24. alternativeadj.供选择的e. g. This road was bloc

16、ked, so we had to go by an alternative route.这条路被堵了，所以我们只好走另一条路。Have you got an alternative suggestion? 你有没有其他建议？25. global adj.全球的e. g. Our product has won global popularity.我们的产品已经赢得了全球性的欢迎。Everyone wishes for global peace.人人者B希望世界和平。【知识拓展】globe n.球，球体；球状物the globe地球26. publicity n.公众的注意；媒体的注意；名声；

17、宣传e. g. There is a lot of publicity on his achievements. 他的成就广受大众注目。The new book has gained very little publicity, greatly limiting its sales.公众不太关注这本新书，这大大影响了它的销售。There has been little publicity about the new film.这部新电影没有作什么宣传。27. holdv.举办；进行e. g. The classmates held a singing competition.同学们举行了次歌咏

18、比赛。28. pro-environmentadj.支持保护环境的e. g. The company funded research in pro -environment packaging.这家公司资助研究保护环境的包装材料。29. publicize v.宣传e. g. an advertising campaign to publicize the new train service.为新投入运营的铁路路线而开展的宣传活动n . Key Expressions 重点词组1. come true实现（该词组为不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态）e. g. After many years

19、of hard work, his long cherished dream of being a football player came true.经过多年努力，他长期怀有的想成为一名足球运动员的梦想终于实现了。【指点迷津】realize v.（使）实现（常用于被动语态）We are sure that you will realize your dream sooner or later.=We are sure that your dream will be realized sooner or later.我们相信， 你的希望迟早会实现。n . Key Sentences重难点句子1

20、. It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream.句中promises后跟宾语从句。promise的其他用法还有：promise to do sth许诺做某事，promise sb to do sth许诺某人做某事。e. g. My father promised to buy me a new bike if l would do well in the coming exam.=My father promised me to buy a

21、new bike if I would do well in the coming exam.爸爸许诺我，如果我在即将到来的考试中有出色表现的话，他会给我买一辆新自行车。2. The products are presented in expensive packaging, often doubling their cost.often doubling their cost是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。3. Banning images of beautiful women in her shops, she promoted health, not beauty.banning i

22、mages of beautiful women in her shops 是现在分词短语，作原因状语。e. g. Not wanting to have anything, she just kept on working without dinner.因为什么都不想吃，所以她没有吃晚饭就继续工作。I. Key Words重点单词1. tuben.软管e. g. Blood flowed along the tube into the bottle.血液沿管子流人瓶中。2. wrappern.包聋芝材料e. g. Please put all your sweet wrappers in t

23、he bin.请把你的糖纸都放进垃圾箱里去。【知识拓展】wrap v.包；裹e. g. Christmas presents were wrapped up in tisuue paper.圣诞礼物者 B 用薄纸裹起来了。3. transportv.（用交通工具）运输；运送e. g. Coal is usually transported by rail from the mines to the power plants. 媒通常经由铁路从煤矿运到发电厂。【知识拓展】transportationn.运输4. cardboardn.卡纸板e. g. They kept all of their

24、 photos in a shoebox made of cardboard.他们把所有的照片都放在一个卡板纸做的鞋盒中。5. landfill n.垃圾填埋地e. g. All of the rubbish was taken to a landfill on the outskirts of the city. 所有的垃圾都被运到市郊的一个垃圾填埋场。6. leakv.漏；渗；渗透e. g. The gas will leak if you dont turn it off after using.如果用完后不关掉，煤气会泄漏。The tyre began to leak, and was

25、 soon completely flat.车胎开始漏气，很快就瘪了。Who leaked the news to the press?是谁将消息泄露给新闻界的？7. carton n.（尤指装食品或液体的）硬纸盒；塑料盒e. g. This morning, I bought a carton of milk for breakfast on my way to work.今天早晨在去上班的路上，我买了一盒牛奶当早饭。8. appropriateadj.合适的；恰当的e. g. Sports clothes are not appropriate for a formal wedding.运

26、动服用于正式婚礼中是不适当的。9. sort v.整理；把分类e. g. He was sorting his foreign stamps.他正在整理夕卜国邮票。10. process v.力口工e. g. Generally speaking, food must be processed in order to be preserved.般来说，食品需要经过力口工才能长时间保存。It may take a few weeks for these wasted paper to be processed.处理这些废弃文件也许要几个星期。【知识拓展】process n.过程e. g. I s

27、tarted moving the china ornaments, but dropped a vase in the process.我动手搬那些瓷器饰物，但在移动时打碎了一只花瓶。Compiling a dictionary is a slow process.编撰一本字典是一个缓慢的过程。11. subject n.（绘画或拍摄）题材e. g. The subject of the picture is the painters father.这幅画取材于画家的父亲。n .Key Expressions 重点词组1. make up 组成；构成；化妆e. g. This footbal

28、l team is made up of fourteen members.这个足球队由十四名队员组成。Workers make up a large portion of the population.工人占人口数量的大部分。Before going onto the stage, the actress made up to 100k her best.在上台之前，女演员化了妆，让自己看上去最美。【知识拓展】make up for补偿e. g. You apology cant make up for the broken vase.光说对不起补偿不了被你打破的花瓶的损失。2. end u

29、p 结束；告终e. g. He tried several different jobs, finally ending up as a teacher.他做过一些不同的工作，最终成为一名教师。He started working in this company as a clerk but ended up as the general manager.他刚进公司寸候只是个小职员，但最后却成了总经理。3. take up 占去；占据e. g. The cupboard takes up much space in my kitchen.这个柜子占了我厨房里很大的空间。Youd better

30、move away all the toys9 because they take up too much space.你最好把这些玩具都移走，它们占据了太多空间。She took up the story which John had left off telling.她接着讲约翰未讲完的故事。4. take the lead 带头；做榜样e. g. He took the lead at the beginning of the race.比赛刚开始时他领跑。She always takes the lead in doing anything.她总是带头做任何事。5. do ones p

31、art to 尽自己的职责e. g. Everyone should do his or her part in the cause of environmental protection.每个人都应该尽自己的一份力，为环境保护事业作贡献。n . Key Sentences重难点句子In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods.used for their goods是过去分词短语作定语，修饰packaging -词，相当于定语从句：whic

32、h/that is used for their goods。e. g. This is a room used only for emergency.这是一件专门为紧急情况而准备的房间。Then came The Body Shop.然后出现了美体小铺。1. Vocabulary and Grammar()1. Water from the roof because it is leaking.A. dropsB. dripsC. spreadsD. sinks()2. Scientific discoveries are often to industrial production met

33、hods.A. suppliedB. repliedC. adoptedD. applied()3. There nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be()4. There is a ban smoking in most public places in this country.A. forB. onC. inD. with()5. At last, we found ourselves in a ple

34、asant park with flowers and grass all around and down to eat our picniclunch.A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat()6. out automatically, the e-mail with a dangerous virus was received by many users.A. MailedB. MailingC. To be mailedD. Having mailed out()7. ,so I had to wait for my parents back.A.

35、Because my key was lostB. My key was lostC. Losing my keyD. Having lost my key()8. This toy company doesnt spend money on.A. advertisingB. advertiserC. adviceD. advertisement()9. The company intends to for losses caused by the serious mistake in the news report.A. sueB. chargeC. accuseD. ask()10. Jo

36、an is for equal rights for women.A. fightingB. campaigningC. beatingD. quarreling()11. When she was young, she showed great in singing, which was quite beyond her parentsexpectation.A. willB. requirementC. desireD. promise()12. He sat beneath the tree, his elbow on his knee.A. restB. was restingC. r

37、estingD. rested()13. His voice , he said he was too upset to say any more.A. shakeB. be shakingC. was shakingD. shaking()14. With the river at a record-high of over 26 metres, the more came amid no sign of lit -up in the torrentialrains.A. runB. is runningC. runningD. ran()15. After the Arab states

38、won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girlsand boys to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. been encouragedC. being encouragedD. be encouragedn . ClozeThe Body Shop make-up is all about products that 16 and blend easily; that flatter(使显得更漂亮 )your face and take care of

39、your skin; that feel as light as a feather; that make experimentation easy and enjoyable; that will look as good at the end of the day as when you first applied them; and which 17 that way until you choose to take them off. The industry refers to them as high performance18 way simply great.How do yo

40、u 19 great make-up? We think it not only makes you look good, but feel good and does good too. It gives the wearer confidence and is enjoyable to use.Our quest(追求)for the best has been exhaustive(彻底的)and means that the Body Shop make -up now combines the best 20in cosmetic science with our years of

41、expertise of natural ingredients some of which are now mainstreams ofcosmetics and some of which are 21 to the Body Shop make -up.If you 22 UV damage to your skin, you have the reassurance that many products in the range now feature a sun protection factor. All products have been dermatologically(皮肤

42、病学的 )tested, are non-comedogenic (meaning they wont cause blackheads)and do not include 23 fragrance. High performance or simply great? Dont just take our 24 forit come to the Body Shop and try it for yourself.Make-up is no longer simply about looking good, but feeling good and doing good too. As fi

43、rm believers in creating make-up that offers skin care benefits, skin beneficial ingredients such as vitamin E, panthenol and beeswax are widely used25_ the range.()16. A. produceB. applyC. useD. give()17. A. changeB. goC. leaveD. stay()18. A. keep toB. help toC. prefer toD. want to()19. A. think of

44、B. refer toC. findD. define()20. A. advancesB. qualitiesC. findingsD. application()21. A. particularB. uniqueC. topD. devoted()22. A. are particular aboutB. finding fault withC. are concerned aboutD. are curious about()23. A. specialB. demandingC. extraD.added()24. A. wordB. promiseC. productsD. phr

45、ases()25. A. ofB. duringC. throughoutD. out ofmReading Comprehension(A) Karo Cove Estate (地产)A limited opportunity to purchase a piece of Kiwi paradise( 几维鸟天堂 )with 5 lots only to be sold.If natural beauty &- privacy are important to you, then this unique area where the native bush meets the sand &

46、the neighbourhood noise is the sounds of the waves, the song of the native birds by day and Kiwi at night is a must consider.Sizes range from 2,000 m2 to 2. 4 ha some with direct waterfront position, all have sea view.Covenants(契约)ensure this beautiful environment is protected forever.Located within

47、 1 hour drive from Auckland.Join the developers in securing your familys piece of paradise.An opportunity not to be missed!Barbara NelsonMob 027 382 7263Bus(07) 576 0129()26. This advertisement is put up to attract A. travellersB. natural scientistsC.estate purchasersD. house builders()27. What is t

48、he underlined word ha in the third paragraph?A. A unit of area.B. A unit of length.C.A unit of width.D. A unit of depth.()28. Which of the following statements is NOT true to the advertisement?A. This area is by the sea.B. This area is not very far from Auckland.C. No factories will be built in this

49、 area.D. Barbara Nelson has a phone set in a bus.(B)The 1970s and early 1980s have spelled(意味着)hard time for most of the worlds business firms. The 1973 oil crisis( 危 机)set off a round of further crisis : material and energy shortages, dying industries, and so on.Throughout the 1960s, people in indu

50、strial nations enjoyed real gains in income and spent their money on a growing number of goods and services: new cars, television sets, foreign travel, higher education, and so on. People in the U. S. A., Western Europe, Japan, Australia, and a few other nations were leading a good life. And the cit

51、izens of less developed countries, though living on very small incomes, were filled with hopes by what they heard and saw in newspapers, magazines, and radios. Sooner or later, they felt, they would enjoy the fruits of rapid economic development.The crisis starting in the 1970s robbed everyone of th

52、ese dreams. Prices shot up; jobs were lost; competition became keener; foreign goods attacked domestic(国内的)markets and hurt domestic firms.The key to recovery could not rest alone on governments adopting suitable economic policies. Business firms had to do a better job of finding out the strong need

53、s, developing better products, and distributing them more efficiently so that consumers could afford them. In the past, some companies saw their task as simply selling what they made. When consumer interest flagged, the companies encouraged their salespeople to sell harder. They would cut the prices

54、 and offer more services. This approach often works in the short run, at least in selling out their goods, if not in increasing profits ( 利 润).But the sales approach provides no long -run answer to raising the interest of people in buying the companys current products. ()29. People experienced hard

55、time .A. in the 1970sB. from the 1970s to the early 1980s C. in 1973D. in the 1980s()30. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?A. During the crisis, domestic markets were attacked by foreign goods.B. During the crisis, competition became keener.C. During the crisis, prices wer

56、e lower.D. During the crisis, there were more people looking for jobs.()31. The author emphasizes several points in the passage, EXCEPT.A. the oil crisisB. the world political situationC. the results of the crisisD. the world economical situation()32. The passage is taken from .A. a novelB. a playC.

57、 a reportD. a poem(C)First, I would like to thank the Weekend Herald (先驱报)for making your column available each week to readers.I have been investing and saving for the last 50 years, right from the first time I saved my sixpences I was given to spend when I went to the pictures. I have taken hits from inventing in the sto