医学英语词根词缀大全0001

1、医学英语词根词缀SuffixMeaningExample-acperta ining tocardiac: perta ining to the heart属于，关于心脏（病）的-alperta ining tomedical: perta ining to medici ne-arperta ining tomolecular: perta ining to a molecule分子的-aryperta ining tociliary: pertaining to the ciliabel onging to睫毛的,纤毛的，毛状的-aseen zyme 酶amylase: any en zy

2、me that con verts starch to sugar淀粉酶-clesmall nessfollicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小,少，贫乏,小气小囊,（头发的）毛囊-ean instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear ( 检 查耳朵用的)耳镜-ealperta ining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的，喉音的-iacon diti on; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕-icper

3、ta ining totoxic: perta ining to tox in有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; n ame of a scie neepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学-ine/insubsta nee 物质insulin : substanee (hormone) produced by the islets of Lan gerha ns in the pan creas胰岛素-ismprocess or con diti onalcoholism: excess

4、ive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes inpharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the精通于的人study of drugs 药理专家-itisin flammatio n refers to a part inrhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages部位的炎症鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelati on to a whole; related to与相关endometrium: in

5、ner lining of the uter 子宫内膜-ivecharacterizes byan titussive: a drug that suppresses cough ing 止咳药-lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an actiondevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action of beco ming mature-oidresembli ng; likemucoid: resembli ng mu

6、cus像粘液样的-olelittle; smallcentriole: the small dense structure in the middle-omatumor; swelling refers to a doer-or/-ereither a person or thing-orycharacterized by; pertaining to-osesugar-osisabnormal condition-ouspertaining to-somesbodies-umstructure; thing; substance 结构，物质-ycondition; act; processo

7、f the centrosome 细胞中心粒；中心体 dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤 receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli 感受器，受体 suspensory: which is hanging down冃且录 目些 悬吊式，悬带 fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden na

8、il 嵌甲poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁(金属元素)dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSu

9、ffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; conditionarthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛-aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinomamalignant tumor developingfrom adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingconnective tissue 相关组织的恶性from glandular

10、tissue 腺癌肿瘤-celeprotrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，esophagocele: abnormal distention ofthe延伸esophagus 食管突出-centesissurgical puncture 手术穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for theaspiration of fluid 穿刺术-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二 碳缺乏氧化-cidekillgermicide: (subs

11、tance) which can kill germs 杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell, especially a white bloodcell,which can surround and destroy other cells 细胞噬菌-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/expansion; dilation( 膨胀，扩张)atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at-ectasisbirth 肺不张-ectomysurgical excis

12、ion or removal ofgastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除术-edema excessive accumulation of serousm yxoedema: condition caused when the thyroidfluid 水肿 gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal numb

13、er of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病-emesisvomiting 呕吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血-gensomething that producedorpathogen: a microorganism or agent capable ofprouducesproducing disease 病菌，病原体-genesisproduction 生产spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生

14、-globinprotein 蛋白质hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of theelectrical activity of heart mu

15、scle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心电图-graph（y）process of recordingelectocardiography: the process of making or记录过程recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography心电图记录-iasiscondition; statecholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症情况，状况-i

16、atry/healing, frequentlyrefers to apodiatry: treatment of foot disorders-iatricsbranch of medicine康复，常指医 足部医疗学的一个分支-lithstone-logythe study of-logistone who studies and treats-lysisbreakdown, destruction-malaciasoftening-maniaextreme compulsionpreoccupation 强迫症-megalygiant-metry/measurement-metercho

17、lelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结石cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科医生hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 orkle

18、ptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsionto steal 盗窃癖acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs 肺（活）量测定 （法）,呼吸量测定 （法 ）-odyniapain

19、cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-onehormone 荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth 甲状旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye 眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis 活检-osismorbid condition

20、 病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症-osmiasmellanosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失-ostomyprocess of making an opening into gastrostomy: surgical construction of an openingor a connection betweenfrom the surface of the abdomen into the stomach造瘘胃造口术-oxialevel of oxygen 氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen

21、level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues 组织缺氧-pathydisease; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia 白细胞减少症-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pexya fixing or setting firmly in place byhepato

22、pexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝suturing 缝合固定固定术-phagia/phag eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困难y-philattraction 吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules 嗜碱性粒细胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers 对外国人

23、的恐惧，憎恶-plasiaformation; developmenthyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue 增生，数量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia: difficulty in speaking 发声困难-plasmformation; growth or substance of cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 细胞浆 formation-plastysurgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repai

24、r of the bone 骨整形术， 骨成形术-plegiastroke; paralysis 中风thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 热射病-pneabreathingeupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常，平静呼吸-ptosisa falling, the dropping or sagging ofhepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liveran organ 器官下移肝下垂-ptysisspitting 分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑

25、色痰液 ;咳 黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作 用，生血作用-rrhage/bursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during-rrhagiamenstruation 月经过多-rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修补术-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢-(o)rr

26、hexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac气羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignant tumor developing from liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fatconnective tissue脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppression of uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿，尿潴留discharge 阻碍；抑制排放-sclerosisa hardeningde

27、rmatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病-scopeinstrument for viewingstethoscope: an instrument for performingmedicate ausculation 听诊器-scopyprocess of examining visuallyhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查-spasminvoluntary contractionangiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles ina blood vesse

28、l 血管痉挛-stasissuppression; stoppage;control; hemostasis: the arrest of bleedingarrest 抑制，中止止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal narrowing ofa duct orlaryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynxcanal 管、道德异常狭窄喉狭窄-stomysurgical opening to theoutside of colostomy: surgical operation to make an openingthe body 造口

29、from the colon 结肠造口术-tentionpressurehypertention: high blood pressure 高血压-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physicalmea ns物理疗法-tionprocesshospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生产embryotocia: abortion 流产-tometool for incisionarthrotome: instrumen

30、t for cutting a joint 关节刀-tomyprocess of cutting intogastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术-tropiaturning 转弯，变向esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视-trophynourishment or development of andystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionorgan 器官的营养、发育or metabolism 营养不良-uriaa condition of the uri

31、ne (小便) dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难-versionturningeversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻转Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without; notaphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症ab-away fromabortion: exp

32、ulsion from the uterus 流产ad-to; toward; nearadnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro-a point or tipacronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲alb-whitealbino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白发 病者amb-/bothambisexual、 bisexual: (person) who is sexuallyambi-attracted to both males and famales 双性恋amphi-/both; both s

33、idesamphicentric: beginning and ending in the sameampho-vessel 起止同源的血管欢迎下载9ana-up; back againAngio-a blood vesselante-beforeanti-againstaudi-hearing; soundauto-selfbi-two; twicebio-living organisms 生命体brady-slowcarcin-carcinoma or cancer 癌；瘤cata-downwards; under; against;centi-along withone hundredt

34、h 百分之一co(n)-with or togethercontra-againstde-removal or lossdeca-tendeci-tenthdi-twodia-through; between; apart; acrossdis-reversal or separatedys-bad; difficult; disorderedecho-soundect-/outside or outerecto-en-in; withinendo-insideepi-on; overanabolism: process of building up complex chemical subs

35、tances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel 血 管瘤antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的 antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression 抗 抑郁剂audiometry: science of testing hearing 听力测定 autoantibody: antibody formed to attack t

36、he body ' s own cel自身抗体bicellular: two cells 两室的biochemistry: chemistry living tissues 生物化学 bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate 心动过缓carci nogen: a can cer-caus ing substa nee 致癌物 cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque 白

37、内障 centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter) 厘米 consanguineous: blood relationship 血亲的，血缘 的，密切的contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的decagram: ten grams 十克 deciliter: unit of measurem

38、ent of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10 公升diglossia: a double tongue 使用两种语言 diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法disintegrate: to come to pieces 分解，破裂 dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint 关节变形echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart 心 回波描记，超声心动描记术ecchondroma: benig

39、n tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone 外生软骨瘤enostosis: benign growth inside a bone 内生骨疣 endocardium: membrane which lines the heart 心 内膜epidermis: outer layer of skin 表皮ery-rederythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell 红细胞eso-inward; within（ 向内 ）esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视eu-

40、goodeugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection 优生学ex-/ exo-out ofexhale: to breath out 呼出extra-outsideextracapsular: outside a capsule 囊外的hemi-halfhemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏瘫 ,半身麻痹 ,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele: collection of watery liquid fo

41、und in a cavity such as the scrotum 阴囊积水hyper-higher or too muchhyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood 高 血糖症hypo-less or too littlehypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血钾in-in or intoinbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近亲交配in-notincoherent: not able

42、to speak in a way whichmakes sense语无伦次infra-below or beneathinfrapatellar: below or beneath the patella 髌inter-betweeninterlobular: between lobules 小叶间的intra-insideintramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓内itro-intointrovert: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental stat

43、e 性格内向的人mal-bad or abnormalmalfunction: abnormal working of an argan 机器 等运转失常；失灵；出现故障meta-changesmetaplasia: change of one tissue to another 化生，转化，组织变形micro-very smallmicrocyte: abnormally small red blood cell 小红 细胞mid-middlemidcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones 腕骨间的milli-one thousandthmil

44、ligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis-error or wrongmiscarriage: spontaneous abortion 流产multi-manymultigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇noct-at nightnocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night 夜尿症nona-nine or

45、the ninethnonagon: flat shape which has nine sides 九边形octa-eightoctan: every eight days 八日热； 每隔八日发一次 的odont-teethodontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco-tumoursoncology: scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学oro-mouthorolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口 与

46、舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚pali-/against; pathologic repetition病态 palindromic: (disease) which recurspalin-的重复复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/allpancytopenia: abnormal depression of all thepanto-cellular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症para-simi

47、lar to or near; changed orparalyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so thatbeyondthey cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪pen-/fivepentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urinepenta-戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous: done or administered through the skin 经皮的，由皮的peri-aroundpericystitis: inflammation of tissue around th

48、e bladder 膀胱周炎pero-deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs的四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics 药理学， 药物学pleo-/too manypleokaryocyte: condition where a greater thanpleio-normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核 细胞pluri-morepluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glan